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In-context Learning vs. Instruction Tuning: The Case of Small and Multilingual Language Models

arXiv:2503.01611v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Instruction following is a critical ability for Large Language Models to perform downstream tasks. The standard approach to instruction tuning has r

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

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In-Context Prompting Obsoletes Agent Orchestration for Procedural Tasks

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.27891v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agent orchestration frameworks -- LangGraph, CrewAI, Google ADK, OpenAI Agents SDK, and others -- place an external orchestrator above the LLM, tracking

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

1 May 2026

In Line with Context: Repository-Level Code Generation via Context Inlining

arXiv:2601.00376v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Repository-level code generation has attracted growing attention in recent years. Unlike function-level code generation, it requires the model

Instruction Complexity Induces Positional Collapse in Adversarial LLM Evaluation

arXiv:2604.27249v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: When instructed to underperform on multiple-choice evaluations, do language models engage with question content or fall back on positional shortcuts?

Instruction-Guided Poetry Generation in Arabic and Its Dialects

arXiv:2604.27766v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Poetry has long been a central art form for Arabic speakers, serving as a powerful medium of expression and cultural identity. While modern Arabic spe

Intent2Tx: Benchmarking LLMs for Translating Natural Language Intents into Ethereum Transactions

arXiv:2604.27763v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers a transformative interface for Web3, yet existing benchmarks fail to capture the complexity of tran

Interaction Forces and Internal Loads in Parallel Manipulators with Actuation Redundancy

arXiv:2604.27095v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper discusses null-space wrench components in parallel manipulators. We examine the adaptation of the two most common characterizations of these

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

InteractWeb-Bench: Can Multimodal Agent Escape Blind Execution in Interactive Website Generation?

arXiv:2604.27419v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: With the advancement of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) and coding agents, the website development has shifted from manual programming to agent

Intern-Atlas: A Methodological Evolution Graph as Research Infrastructure for AI Scientists

arXiv:2604.28158v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing research infrastructure is fundamentally document-centric, providing citation links between papers but lacking explicit representations of meth

InterPartAbility: Text-Guided Part Matching for Interpretable Person Re-Identification

arXiv:2604.27122v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Text-to-image person re-identification (TI-ReID) relies on natural-language text description to retrieve top matching individuals from a large gallery o

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Interval Orders, Biorders and Credibility-limited Belief Revision

arXiv:2604.27156v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Rational belief revision is commonly viewed as being based on a preference order between possible worlds, with the resulting new belief set being those

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Investigating More Explainable and Partition-Free Compositionality Estimation for LLMs: A Rule-Generation Perspective

arXiv:2604.27340v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Compositional generalization tests are often used to estimate the compositionality of LLMs. However, such tests have the following limitations: (1) they

Iterative Definition Refinement for Zero-Shot Classification via LLM-Based Semantic Prototype Optimization

arXiv:2604.27335v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Web filtering systems rely on accurate web content classification to block cyber threats, prevent data exfiltration, and ensure compliance. However, cla

Iterative Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Medical Question Answering

arXiv:2604.27724v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems typically operate on text chunks extracted from biomedical literature, discarding the rich visual c

ITS-Mina: A Harris Hawks Optimization-Based All-MLP Framework with Iterative Refinement and External Attention for Multivariate Time Series Forecasting

arXiv:2604.27981v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multivariate time series forecasting plays a pivotal role in numerous real-world applications, including financial analysis, energy management, and tr

JaiTTS: A Thai Voice Cloning Model

arXiv:2604.27607v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present JaiTTS-v1.0, a state-of-the-art Thai voice cloning text-to-speech model built through continual training on a large Thai-centric speech corpu

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

JI-ADF: Joint-Individual Learning with Adaptive Decision Fusion for Multimodal Skin Lesion Classification

arXiv:2604.27343v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Skin lesion classification is essential for early dermatological diagnosis, yet many existing computer-aided systems rely primarily on dermoscopic image

Judge, Then Drive: A Critic-Centric Vision Language Action Framework for Autonomous Driving

arXiv:2604.27366v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in vision language action (VLA) models have shown remarkable potential for autonomous driving by directly mapping multimodal inputs to c

Junk DNA Hypothesis: Pruning Small Pre-Trained Weights Irreversibly and Monotonically Impairs 'Difficult' Downstream Tasks in LLMs

arXiv:2310.02277v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We present Junk DNA Hypothesis by adopting a novel task-centric angle for the pre-trained weights of large language models (LLMs). It has been

K2MUSE: A human lower-limb multimodal walking dataset spanning task and acquisition variability for rehabilitation robotics

arXiv:2504.14602v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The natural interaction and control performance of lower limb rehabilitation robots are closely linked to biomechanical information from vario

KellyBench: A Benchmark for Long-Horizon Sequential Decision Making

arXiv:2604.27865v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Language models are saturating benchmarks for procedural tasks with narrow objectives. But they are increasingly being deployed in long-horizon, non-sta

Kernelized Advantage Estimation: From Nonparametric Statistics to LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2604.28005v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have increasingly relied on reinforcement learning (RL) to improve their reasoning capabilities. Three a

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Knowledge Affordances for Hybrid Human-AI Information Seeking

arXiv:2604.27539v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As information ecosystems grow more heterogeneous, both humans and artificial agents increasingly face a simple yet unresolved question: when seeking

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Knowledge Graph Representations for LLM-Based Policy Compliance Reasoning

arXiv:2604.27713v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The risks posed by AI features are increasing as they are rapidly integrated into software applications. In response, regulations and standards for safe

LA-Pose: Latent Action Pretraining Meets Pose Estimation

arXiv:2604.27448v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper revisits camera pose estimation through the lens of self-supervised pretraining, focusing on inverse-dynamics pretraining as a scalable alter

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Language Ideologies in a Multilingual Society: An LLM-based Analysis of Luxembourgish News Comments

arXiv:2604.27661v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Detecting language ideologies is a valuable yet complex task for understanding how identities are constructed through discourse. In Luxembourg's multicu

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Language Models Refine Mechanical Linkage Designs Through Symbolic Reflection and Modular Optimisation

arXiv:2604.27962v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Designing mechanical linkages involves combinatorial topology selection and continuous parameter fitting. We show that language models can systematicall

LaST-R1: Reinforcing Action via Adaptive Physical Latent Reasoning for VLA Models

arXiv:2604.28192v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have increasingly incorporated reasoning mechanisms for complex robotic manipulation. However, existing approaches

Latent Adversarial Detection: Adaptive Probing of LLM Activations for Multi-Turn Attack Detection

arXiv:2604.28129v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multi-turn prompt injection follows a known attack path -- trust-building, pivoting, escalation but text-level defenses miss covert attacks where indi

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Latent-GRPO: Group Relative Policy Optimization for Latent Reasoning

arXiv:2604.27998v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Latent reasoning offers a more efficient alternative to explicit reasoning by compressing intermediate reasoning into continuous representations and s

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Leading Across the Spectrum of Human-AI Relationships: A Conceptual Framework for Increasingly Heterogeneous Teams

arXiv:2604.27392v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: What shapes a consequential decision when human and artificial intelligence work on it together? The answer is becoming harder to see. A decision may lo

Learning-Based Hierarchical Scene Graph Matching for Robot Localization Leveraging Prior Maps

arXiv:2604.27821v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate localization is a fundamental requirement for autonomous robots operating in indoor environments. Scene graphs encode the spatial structure of

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

Learning from a single labeled face and a stream of unlabeled data

arXiv:2604.27564v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Face recognition from a single image per person is a challenging problem because the training sample is extremely small. We consider a variation of this

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Learning from Disagreement: Clinician Overrides as Implicit Preference Signals for Clinical AI in Value-Based Care

arXiv:2604.28010v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We reframe clinician overrides of clinical AI recommendations as implicit preference data - the same signal structure exploited by reinforcement learn

Learning Generalizable Multimodal Representations for Software Vulnerability Detection

arXiv:2604.25711v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Source code and its accompanying comments are complementary yet naturally aligned modalities-code encodes structural logic while comments capt

Learning Rate Engineering: From Coarse Single Parameter to Layered Evolution

arXiv:2604.27295v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning rate scheduling has evolved from the single global fixed rate of early SGD to sophisticated layer-wise adaptive strategies. We systematize this

Learning Rate Transfer in Normalized Transformers

arXiv:2604.27077v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The Normalized Transformer, or nGPT (arXiv:2410.01131) achieves impressive training speedups and does not require weight decay or learning rate warmup

Learning Tactile-Aware Quadrupedal Loco-Manipulation Policies

arXiv:2604.27224v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quadrupedal loco-manipulation is commonly built on visual perception and proprioception. Yet reliable contact-rich manipulation remains difficult: visio

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Learning to Aggregate Zero-Shot LLM Agents for Corporate Disclosure Classification

arXiv:2603.20965v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper studies whether a lightweight supervised aggregator can combine diverse zero-shot large language model outputs into a stronger down

Learning-to-Explain through 20Q Gaming: An Explainable Recommender for Cybersecurity Education

arXiv:2604.26964v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The growing sophistication of contemporary cyber threats necessitates a more effective and adaptive approach to cybersecurity training. Intuitive and

Learning to Forget: Continual Learning with Adaptive Weight Decay

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.27063v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Continual learning agents with finite capacity must balance acquiring new knowledge with retaining the old. This requires controlled forgetting of knowl

Learning to Reason: Targeted Knowledge Discovery and Fuzzy Logic Update for Robust Image Recognition

arXiv:2604.27759v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Integrating domain knowledge into deep neural networks is a promising way to improve generalization. Existing methods either encode prior knowledge in

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Learning to Spend: Model Predictive Control for Budgeting under Non-Stationary Returns

arXiv:2604.27186v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study finite-horizon budget allocation as a closed-loop economic control problem and evaluate receding-horizon Model Predictive Control (MPC) relat

Learning When to Remember: Risk-Sensitive Contextual Bandits for Abstention-Aware Memory Retrieval in LLM-Based Coding Agents

arXiv:2604.27283v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM)-based coding agents increasingly rely on external memory to reuse prior debugging experience, repair traces, and repository

Length Value Model: Scalable Value Pretraining for Token-Level Length Modeling

arXiv:2604.27039v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Token serves as the fundamental unit of computation in modern autoregressive models, and generation length directly influences both inference cost and r

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Let's Measure Information Step-by-Step: AI-Based Evaluation Beyond Vibes

arXiv:2508.05469v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We evaluate artificial intelligence (AI) systems without ground truth by exploiting a link between strategic gaming and information loss. Building o

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Leveraging Quantum-Based Architectures for Robust Diagnostics

arXiv:2511.12386v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Quantum machine learning has emerged as a promising approach for medical image analysis, particularly in settings where compact models and expressiv

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Leveraging Verifier-Based Reinforcement Learning in Image Editing

arXiv:2604.27505v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has become a pivotal paradigm for text-to-image generation, its application to image editing rem

researcharxiv-cs-cv