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On the Impact of Face Segmentation-Based Background Removal on Recognition and Morphing Attack Detection

arXiv:2604.20585v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This study investigates the impact of face image background correction through segmentation on face recognition and morphing attack detection performanc

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Research

On the Quantization Robustness of Diffusion Language Models in Coding Benchmarks

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.20079v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Auto-regressive Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance on coding tasks, but incur high memory and inference costs. Diffusion-based la

researcharxiv-cs-cl

23 Apr 2026

On the Stability and Generalization of First-order Bilevel Minimax Optimization

arXiv:2604.20115v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Bilevel optimization and bilevel minimax optimization have recently emerged as unifying frameworks for a range of machine-learning tasks, including hy

Agents

Onboard Wind Estimation for Small UAVs Equipped with Low-Cost Sensors: An Aerodynamic Model-Integrated Filtering Approach

arXiv:2604.20290v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: To enable autonomous wind estimation for energy-efficient flight in small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), this study proposes a method that estimates f

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

Online CS-based SAR Edge-Mapping

arXiv:2604.19989v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: With modern defense applications increasingly relying on inexpensive, small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), a major challenge lies in designing intelli

Local Ai

Online Structure Learning and Planning for Autonomous Robot Navigation using Active Inference

arXiv:2510.09574v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Autonomous navigation in unfamiliar environments requires robots to simultaneously explore, localise, and plan under uncertainty, without relying on

local-aiarxiv-cs-ro

Online Survival Analysis: A Bandit Approach under Cox PH Model

arXiv:2604.20296v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Survival analysis is a widely used statistical framework for modeling time-to-event data under censoring. Classical methods, such as the Cox proportio

ONOTE: Benchmarking Omnimodal Notation Processing for Expert-level Music Intelligence

arXiv:2604.20719v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Omnimodal Notation Processing (ONP) represents a unique frontier for omnimodal AI due to the rigorous, multi-dimensional alignment required across aud

OnSiteVRU: A High-Resolution Trajectory Dataset for High-Density Vulnerable Road Users

arXiv:2503.23365v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: With the acceleration of urbanization and the growth of transportation demands, the safety of vulnerable road users (VRUs, such as pedestrians and c

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Onyx: Cost-Efficient Disk-Oblivious ANN Search

arXiv:2604.20401v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search in AI systems increasingly handles sensitive data on third-party infrastructure. Trusted execution environme

Local Ai

Open-Architecture End-to-End System for Real-World Autonomous Robot Navigation

arXiv:2410.06239v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Enabling robots to autonomously navigate unknown, complex, and dynamic real-world environments presents several challenges, including imperfect perc

local-aiarxiv-cs-ro

Hardware

OpenCLAW-P2P v6.0: Resilient Multi-Layer Persistence, Live Reference Verification, and Production-Scale Evaluation of Decentralized AI Peer Review

arXiv:2604.19792v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper presents OpenCLAW-P2P v6.0, a comprehensive evolution of the decentralized collective-intelligence platform in which autonomous AI agents pub

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

Opportunistic Bone-Loss Screening from Routine Knee Radiographs Using a Multi-Task Deep Learning Framework with Sensitivity-Constrained Threshold Optimization

arXiv:2604.20268v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Background: Osteoporosis and osteopenia are often undiagnosed until fragility fractures occur. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the reference s

Optimal Single-Policy Sample Complexity and Transient Coverage for Average-Reward Offline RL

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2506.20904v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study offline reinforcement learning in average-reward MDPs, which presents increased challenges from the perspectives of distribution shift and

Optimizing Data Augmentation for Real-Time Small UAV Detection: A Lightweight Context-Aware Approach

arXiv:2604.19999v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Visual detection of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is a critical task in surveillance systems due to their small physical size and environmental challe

Optimizing User Profiles via Contextual Bandits for Retrieval-Augmented LLM Personalization

arXiv:2601.12078v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) excel at general-purpose tasks, yet adapting their responses to individual users remains challenging. Retrieval augment

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Option Pricing on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum Computers: A Quantum Neural Network Approach

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.19832v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In a global derivatives market with notional values in the hundreds of trillions of dollars, the accuracy and efficiency of pricing models are of fund

ORPHEAS: A Cross-Lingual Greek-English Embedding Model for Retrieval-Augmented Generation

arXiv:2604.20666v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Effective retrieval-augmented generation across bilingual Greek--English applications requires embedding models capable of capturing both domain-speci

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

OThink-SRR1: Search, Refine and Reasoning with Reinforced Learning for Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.19766v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) expands the knowledge of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet current static retrieval methods struggle with complex

Over-Refusal and Representation Subspaces: A Mechanistic Analysis of Task-Conditioned Refusal in Aligned LLMs

arXiv:2603.27518v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Aligned language models that are trained to refuse harmful requests also exhibit over-refusal: they decline safe instructions that seemingly resembl

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Applications

Overcoming the Modality Gap in Context-Aided Forecasting

arXiv:2603.12451v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Context-aided forecasting (CAF) holds promise for integrating domain knowledge and forward-looking information, enabling AI systems to surpass tradi

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

OVPD: A Virtual-Physical Fusion Testing Dataset of OnSite Auton-omous Driving Challenge

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2604.20423v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid iteration of autonomous driving algorithms has created a growing demand for high-fidelity, replayable, and diagnosable testing data. However,

Agents

pAI/MSc: ML Theory Research with Humans on the Loop

arXiv:2604.20622v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present pAI/MSc, an open-source, customizable, modular multi-agent system for academic research workflows. Our goal is not autonomous scientific idea

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Pairing Regularization for Mitigating Many-to-One Collapse in GANs

arXiv:2604.20130v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mode collapse remains a fundamental challenge in training generative adversarial networks (GANs). While existing works have primarily focused on inter

Parallel-SFT: Improving Zero-Shot Cross-Programming-Language Transfer for Code RL

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2604.20835v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern language models demonstrate impressive coding capabilities in common programming languages (PLs), such as C++ and Python, but their performance i

ParetoSlider: Diffusion Models Post-Training for Continuous Reward Control

arXiv:2604.20816v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement Learning (RL) post-training has become the standard for aligning generative models with human preferences, yet most methods rely on a si

Participatory provenance as representational auditing for AI-mediated public consultation

arXiv:2604.20711v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Artificial intelligence is increasingly deployed to synthesize large-scale public input in policy consultations and participatory processes. Yet no form

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Passive Variable Impedance For Shared Control

arXiv:2604.20557v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Shared Control methods often use impedance control to track target poses in a robotic manipulator. The guidance behavior of such controllers is shaped b

researcharxiv-cs-ro

PASTA: A Patch-Agnostic Twofold-Stealthy Backdoor Attack on Vision Transformers

arXiv:2604.20047v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved remarkable success across vision tasks, yet recent studies show they remain vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Exi

Peer-Preservation in Frontier Models

arXiv:2604.19784v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recently, it has been found that frontier AI models can resist their own shutdown, a behavior known as self-preservation. We extend this concept to th

Personalized electric vehicle energy consumption estimation framework that integrates driver behavior with map data

arXiv:2604.20764v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper presents a personalized Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) energy consumption estimation framework that integrates map-based contextual feature

PFGNet: A Fully Convolutional Frequency-Guided Peripheral Gating Network for Efficient Spatiotemporal Predictive Learning

arXiv:2602.20537v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Spatiotemporal predictive learning (STPL) aims to forecast future frames from past observations and is essential across a wide range of applications

Phase 1 Implementation of LLM-generated Discharge Summaries showing high Adoption in a Dutch Academic Hospital

arXiv:2604.19774v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Writing discharge summaries to transfer medical information is an important but time-consuming process that can be assisted by Large Language Models (

Tutorials

Physics-Conditioned Synthesis of Internal Ice-Layer Thickness for Incomplete Layer Traces

arXiv:2604.20783v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Internal ice layers imaged by radar provide key evidence of snow accumulation and ice dynamics, but radar-derived layer boundary observations are often

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Physics-Enhanced Deep Learning for Proactive Thermal Runaway Forecasting in Li-Ion Batteries

arXiv:2604.20175v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accurate prediction of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries is essential for ensuring the safety, efficiency, and reliability of modern energy sto

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Physics-Guided Dimension Reduction for Simulation-Free Operator Learning of Stiff Differential--Algebraic Systems

arXiv:2604.19930v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Neural surrogates for stiff differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) face two key challenges: soft-constraint methods leave algebraic residuals that stif

Applications

Physics-informed Active Polarimetric 3D Imaging for Specular Surfaces

arXiv:2602.19470v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: 3D imaging of specular surfaces remains challenging in real-world scenarios, such as in-line inspection or hand-held scanning, requiring fast and ac

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Physics-Informed Conditional Diffusion for Motion-Robust Retinal Temporal Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging

arXiv:2604.20594v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retinal laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is a noninvasive optical modality for monitoring retinal blood flow dynamics. However, conventional tempor

PipeMFL-240K: A Large-scale Dataset and Benchmark for Object Detection in Pipeline Magnetic Flux Leakage Imaging

arXiv:2602.07044v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Pipeline integrity is critical to industrial safety and environmental protection, with Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) detection being a primary n

PLR: Plackett-Luce for Reordering In-Context Learning Examples

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2603.21373v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In-context learning (ICL) adapts large language models by conditioning on a small set of ICL examples, avoiding costly parameter updates. Amon

PokeVLA: Empowering Pocket-Sized Vision-Language-Action Model with Comprehensive World Knowledge Guidance

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2604.20834v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have opened new avenues for robot manipulation, yet existing methods exhibit limited efficiency a

PR-CAD: Progressive Refinement for Unified Controllable and Faithful Text-to-CAD Generation with Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.19773v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The construction of CAD models has traditionally relied on labor-intensive manual operations and specialized expertise. Recent advances in large langu

Pre-Execution Query Slot-Time Prediction in Cloud Data Warehouses: A Feature-Scoped Machine Learning Approach

arXiv:2604.20145v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cloud data warehouses bill compute based on slot-time consumed. In shared multi-tenant environments, query cost is highly variable and hard to estimat

Prism: An Evolutionary Memory Substrate for Multi-Agent Open-Ended Discovery

arXiv:2604.19795v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce prism{} (extbf{P}robabilistic extbf{R}etrieval with extbf{I}nformation-extbf{S}tratified extbf{M}emory), an evolutionary memory substrate f

ProMMSearchAgent: A Generalizable Multimodal Search Agent Trained with Process-Oriented Rewards

arXiv:2604.20486v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Training multimodal agents via reinforcement learning for knowledge-intensive visual reasoning is fundamentally hindered by the extreme sparsity of outc

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Properties and limitations of geometric tempering for gradient flow dynamics

arXiv:2604.20301v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We consider the problem of sampling from a probability distribution pi. It is well known that this can be written as an optimisation problem over the

Local Ai

QuadPiPS: A Perception-informed Footstep Planner for Quadrupeds With Semantic Affordance Prediction

arXiv:2501.00112v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This work proposes QuadPiPS, a perception-informed framework for quadrupedal foothold planning in the perception space. QuadPiPS employs a novel ego

local-aiarxiv-cs-ro

QuanForge: A Mutation Testing Framework for Quantum Neural Networks

arXiv:2604.20706v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: With the growing synergy between deep learning and quantum computing, Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs) have emerged as a promising paradigm by leveragin