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One Adapts to Any: Meta Reward Modeling for Personalized LLM Alignment

arXiv:2601.18731v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) aims to align outputs with human preferences, and personalized alignment further adapts models to individu

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

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One-Step Diffusion with Inverse Residual Fields for Unsupervised Industrial Anomaly Detection

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.18393v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion models have achieved outstanding performance in unsupervised industrial anomaly detection (uIAD) by learning a manifold of normal data under t

researcharxiv-cs-cv

21 Apr 2026

OneDrive: Unified Multi-Paradigm Driving with Vision-Language-Action Models

arXiv:2604.17915v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Models(VLMs) excel at autoregressive text generation, yet end-to-end autonomous driving requires multi-task learning with structured out

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

OneVL: One-Step Latent Reasoning and Planning with Vision-Language Explanation

arXiv:2604.18486v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has become a powerful driver of trajectory prediction in VLA-based autonomous driving, yet its autoregressive nature

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Online Conformal Prediction with Adversarial Semi-bandit Feedback via Regret Minimization

arXiv:2604.17984v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Uncertainty quantification is crucial in safety-critical systems, where decisions must be made under uncertainty. In particular, we consider the problem

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

ONTO: A Token-Efficient Columnar Notation for LLM Input Optimization

arXiv:2604.17512v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Serialization formats designed for document interchange impose structural overhead that becomes prohibitive when large language models consume operation

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Open-TQ-Metal: Fused Compressed-Domain Attention for Long-Context LLM Inference on Apple Silicon

arXiv:2604.16957v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present Open-TQ-Metal, the first implementation of fused compressed-domain attention on Apple Silicon, enabling 128K-context inference for Llama 3.1

OPeRA: A Dataset of Observation, Persona, Rationale, and Action for Evaluating LLMs on Human Online Shopping Behavior Simulation

arXiv:2506.05606v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Can large language models (LLMs) accurately simulate the next web action of a specific user? While LLMs have shown promising capabilities in generat

Operationalizing Fairness in Text-to-Image Models: A Survey of Bias, Fairness Audits and Mitigation Strategies

arXiv:2604.16516v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Text-to-Image (T2I) generation models have been widely adopted across various industries, yet are criticized for frequently exhibiting societal stereoty

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

OPSDL: On-Policy Self-Distillation for Long-Context Language Models

arXiv:2604.17535v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Extending the effective context length of large language models (LLMs) remains a central challenge for real-world applications. While recent post-traini

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Optimal control of differentially flat underactuated planar robots in the perspective of oscillation mitigation

arXiv:2603.15528v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Underactuated robots are characterized by a larger number of degrees of freedom than actuators and if they are designed with a specific mass distrib

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Tutorials

Optimally Bridging Semantics and Data: Generative Semantic Communication via Schrodinger Bridge

arXiv:2604.17802v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generative Semantic Communication (GSC) is a promising solution for image transmission over narrow-band and high-noise channels. However, existing GSC

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

OptiMVMap: Offline Vectorized Map Construction via Optimal Multi-vehicle Perspectives

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2604.17135v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Offline vectorized maps constitute critical infrastructure for high-precision autonomous driving and mapping services. Existing approaches rely predomin

OptunaHub: A Platform for Black-Box Optimization

arXiv:2510.02798v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Black-box optimization (BBO) underpins advances in domains such as AutoML and Materials Informatics, yet implementations of algorithms and benchmark

ORSIFlow: Saliency-Guided Rectified Flow for Optical Remote Sensing Salient Object Detection

arXiv:2603.28584v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Optical Remote Sensing Image Salient Object Detection (ORSI-SOD) remains challenging due to complex backgrounds, low contrast, irregular object shap

Ouroboros: Single-step Diffusion Models for Cycle-consistent Forward and Inverse Rendering

arXiv:2508.14461v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: While multi-step diffusion models have advanced both forward and inverse rendering, existing approaches often treat these problems independently, le

Overcoming Selection Bias in Statistical Studies With Amortized Bayesian Inference

arXiv:2604.18319v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Selection bias arises when the probability that an observation enters a dataset depends on variables related to the quantities of interest, leading to

OVOD-Agent: A Markov-Bandit Framework for Proactive Visual Reasoning and Self-Evolving Detection

arXiv:2511.21064v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Open-Vocabulary Object Detection (OVOD) aims to enable detectors to generalize across categories by leveraging semantic information. Although

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

P-Check: Advancing Personalized Reward Model via Learning to Generate Dynamic Checklist

arXiv:2601.02986v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent approaches in personalized reward modeling have primarily focused on leveraging user interaction history to align model judgments with indivi

researcharxiv-cs-cl

PA-TCNet: Pathology-Aware Temporal Calibration with Physiology-Guided Target Refinement for Cross-Subject Motor Imagery EEG Decoding in Stroke Patients

arXiv:2604.16554v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Stroke patient cross-subject electroencephalography (EEG) decoding of motor imagery (MI) brain-computer interface (BCI) is essential for motor rehabilit

PAC-Bayes Bounds for Gibbs Posteriors via Singular Learning Theory

arXiv:2604.17219v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We derive explicit non-asymptotic PAC-Bayes generalization bounds for Gibbs posteriors, that is, data-dependent distributions over model parameters ob

Parallel Test-Time Scaling for Latent Reasoning Models

arXiv:2510.07745v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Parallel test-time scaling (TTS) is a pivotal approach for enhancing large language models (LLMs), typically by sampling multiple token-based chains

Parkinson's Disease Detection via Self-Supervised Dual-Channel Cross-Attention on Bilateral Wrist-Worn IMU Signals

arXiv:2604.18372v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease. It shows multiple motor symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia, postural instability, fr

researcharxiv-cs-lg

PARM: Pipeline-Adapted Reward Model

arXiv:2604.18327v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reward models (RMs) are central to aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences, powering RLHF and advanced decoding strategies. While

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

PaTaRM: Bridging Pairwise and Pointwise Signals via Preference-Aware Task-Adaptive Reward Modeling

arXiv:2510.24235v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reward models (RMs) are central to reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), providing the critical supervision signals that align large la

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Tutorials

Path-Based Quantum Meta-Learning for Adaptive Optimization of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces

arXiv:2604.17690v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) modify signal reflections to enhance wireless communication capabilities. Classical RIS phase optimization

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

PBSBench: A Multi-Level Vision-Language Framework and Benchmark for Hematopathology Whole Slide Image Interpretation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2604.17570v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) is a critical microscopic examination in hematopathology that yields whole-slide imaging (WSI). Unlike solid tissue patholo

PCM-NeRF: Probabilistic Camera Modeling for Neural Radiance Fields under Pose Uncertainty

arXiv:2604.17831v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Neural surface reconstruction methods typically treat camera poses as fixed values, assuming perfect accuracy from Structure-from-Motion (SfM) systems.

PDDL-Mind: Large Language Models are Capable on Belief Reasoning with Reliable State Tracking

arXiv:2604.17819v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) perform substantially below human level on existing theory-of-mind (ToM) benchmarks, even when augmented with chain-of-thou

Pearmut: Human Evaluation of Translation Made Trivial

arXiv:2601.02933v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Human evaluation is the gold standard for multilingual NLP, but is often skipped in practice and substituted with automatic metrics because it is no

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Peerispect: Claim Verification in Scientific Peer Reviews

arXiv:2604.17667v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Peer review is central to scientific publishing, yet reviewers frequently include claims that are subjective, rhetorical, or misaligned with the submitt

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Penny Wise, Pixel Foolish: Bypassing Price Constraints in Multimodal Agents via Visual Adversarial Perturbations

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2604.16515v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid proliferation of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has enabled mobile agents to execute high-stakes financial transactions, but their a

PEPR: Privileged Event-based Predictive Regularization for Domain Generalization

arXiv:2602.04583v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Deep neural networks for visual perception are highly susceptible to domain shift, which poses a critical challenge for real-world deployment under

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Periodic Steady-State Control of a Handkerchief-Spinning Task Using a Parallel Anti-Parallelogram Tendon-driven Wrist

arXiv:2604.17863v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Spinning flexible objects, exemplified by traditional Chinese handkerchief performances, demands periodic steady-state motions under nonlinear dynamics

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Persistence-Augmented Neural Networks

arXiv:2604.08469v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Topological Data Analysis (TDA) provides tools to describe the shape of data, but integrating topological features into deep learning pipelines rema

researcharxiv-cs-lg

PersonalHomeBench: Evaluating Agents in Personalized Smart Homes

arXiv:2604.16813v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agentic AI systems are rapidly advancing toward real-world applications, yet their readiness in complex and personalized environments remains insuffic

Personalizing Student-Agent Interactions Using Log-Contextualized Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)

arXiv:2505.17238v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Collaborative dialogue offers rich insights into students' learning and critical thinking, which is essential for personalizing pedagogical agent in

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Perspective-Equivariant Fine-tuning for Multispectral Demosaicing without Ground Truth

arXiv:2603.01332v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multispectral demosaicing is crucial to reconstruct full-resolution spectral images from snapshot mosaiced measurements, enabling real-time imaging

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

PestVL-Net: Enabling Multimodal Pest Learning via Fine-grained Vision-Language Interaction

arXiv:2604.17278v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Effective pest recognition and management are crucial for sustainable agricultural development. However, collecting pest data in real scenarios is often

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

PFDelta: A Benchmark Dataset for Power Flow under Load, Generation, and Topology Variations

arXiv:2510.22048v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Power flow (PF) calculations are the backbone of real-time grid operations, across workflows such as contingency analysis (where repeated PF evaluat

Physics-Informed Causal MDPs for Sequential Constraint Repair in Engineering Simulation Pipelines

arXiv:2604.17910v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Off-policy learning in constrained MDPs with large binary state spaces faces a fundamental tension: causal identification of transition dynamics requi

Physics-Informed Graph Neural Networks for Transverse Momentum Estimation in CMS Trigger Systems

arXiv:2507.19205v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Real-time particle transverse momentum (p_T) estimation in high-energy physics demands algorithms that are both efficient and accurate under strict

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Physics-Informed Neural Networks: A Didactic Derivation of the Complete Training Cycle

arXiv:2604.18481v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper is a step-by-step, self-contained guide to the complete training cycle of a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) -- a topic that existing

Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Biological 2D{+}t Reaction-Diffusion Systems

arXiv:2604.18548v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) provide a powerful framework for learning governing equations of dynamical systems from data. Biologically-info

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Physics-Informed Tracking (PIT)

arXiv:2604.16895v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We propose Physics-Informed Tracking (PIT), a video-based framework for tracking a single particle from video, where a neural network autoencoder locali

PiCa: Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning with Column Space Projection

arXiv:2505.20211v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Fine-tuning large foundation models is essential for building expert models tailored to specialized tasks and domains, but fully updating billions o

Hardware

PiERN: Token-Level Routing for Integrating High-Precision Computation and Reasoning

arXiv:2509.18169v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Tasks on complex systems require high-precision numerical computation to support decisions, but current large language models (LLMs) cannot in

hardwarearxiv-cs-cl

PlankFormer: Robust Plankton Instance Segmentation via MAE-Pretrained Vision Transformers and Pseudo Community Image Generation

arXiv:2604.17856v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Plankton monitoring is essential for assessing aquatic ecosystems but is limited by the labor-intensive nature of manual microscopic analysis. Automatin

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv