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SFTMix: Elevating Language Model Instruction Tuning with Mixup Recipe

arXiv:2410.05248v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: To acquire instruction-following capabilities, large language models (LLMs) undergo instruction tuning, where they are trained on instruction-respon

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

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Sharpening Lightweight Models for Generalized Polyp Segmentation: A Boundary Guided Distillation from Foundation Models

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.17865v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automated polyp segmentation is critical for early colorectal cancer detection and its prevention, yet remains challenging due to weak boundaries, large

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

21 Apr 2026

Shepherding UAV Swarm with Action Prediction Based on Movement Constraints

arXiv:2604.17189v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this study, we propose a new sheepdog-inspired control method for a swarm of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which predicts the swarm behavior

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Shifting the Gradient: Understanding How Defensive Training Methods Protect Language Model Integrity

arXiv:2604.16423v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Defensive training methods such as positive preventative steering (PPS) and inoculation prompting (IP) offer surprising results through seemingly simila

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

SHRUG-FM: Reliability-Aware Foundation Models for Earth Observation

arXiv:2511.10370v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Geospatial foundation models (GFMs) for Earth observation often fail to perform reliably in environments underrepresented during pretraining. We int

SIF: Semantically In-Distribution Fingerprints for Large Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2604.17041v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The public accessibility of large vision-language models (LVLMs) raises serious concerns about unauthorized model reuse and intellectual property infrin

SigGate-GT: Taming Over-Smoothing in Graph Transformers via Sigmoid-Gated Attention

arXiv:2604.17324v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph transformers achieve strong results on molecular and long-range reasoning tasks, yet remain hampered by over-smoothing (the progressive collapse o

SIGMA: A Semantic-Grounded Instruction-Driven Generative Multi-Task Recommender at AliExpress

arXiv:2602.22913v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: With the rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs), generative recommendation is gradually reshaping the paradigm of recommender systems

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

SignDPO: Multi-level Direct Preference Optimisation for Skeleton-based Gloss-free Sign Language Translation

arXiv:2604.18034v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present SignDPO, a novel multi-level Direct Preference Optimisation (DPO) framework designed to enhance the alignment of skeleton-based Sign Language

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Singularity Formation: Synergy in Theoretical, Numerical and Machine Learning Approaches

arXiv:2604.16842v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This thesis develops numerical and theoretical approaches for understanding and analyzing singularity formation in Partial Differential Equations (PDE

SinkRouter: Sink-Aware Routing for Efficient Long-Context Decoding in Large Language and Multimodal Models

arXiv:2604.16883v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In long-context decoding for LLMs and LMMs, attention becomes increasingly memory-bound because each decoding step must load a large amount of KV-cache

Agents

SkillX: Automatically Constructing Skill Knowledge Bases for Agents

arXiv:2604.04804v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Learning from experience is critical for building capable large language model (LLM) agents, yet prevailing self-evolving paradigms remain inefficie

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Sky2Ground: A Benchmark for Site Modeling under Varying Altitude

arXiv:2603.13740v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce Sky2Ground, a three-view dataset designed for varying altitude camera localization, correspondence learning, and reconstruction. The da

Hardware

SLO-Guard: Crash-Aware, Budget-Consistent Autotuning for SLO-Constrained LLM Serving

arXiv:2604.17627v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Serving large language models under latency service-level objectives (SLOs) is a configuration-heavy systems problem with an unusually failure-prone sea

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

SMILE-UHURA Challenge -- Small Vessel Segmentation at Mesoscopic Scale from Ultra-High Resolution 7T Magnetic Resonance Angiograms

arXiv:2411.09593v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The human brain receives nutrients and oxygen through an intricate network of blood vessels. Pathology affecting small vessels, at the mesosco

SmoGVLM: A Small, Graph-enhanced Vision-Language Model

arXiv:2604.16517v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large vision-language models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on multimodal tasks but often suffer from hallucination and poor grounding in knowledge

Sobolev Gradient Ascent for Optimal Transport: Barycenter Optimization and Convergence Analysis

arXiv:2505.13660v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper introduces a new constraint-free concave dual formulation for the Wasserstein barycenter. Tailoring the vanilla dual gradient ascen

Soft Label Pruning and Quantization for Large-Scale Dataset Distillation

arXiv:2604.18135v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large-scale dataset distillation requires storing auxiliary soft labels that can be 30-40x larger on ImageNet-1K and 200x larger on ImageNet-21K than th

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Sonata: A Hybrid World Model for Inertial Kinematics under Clinical Data Scarcity

arXiv:2604.18058v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce Sonata, a compact latent world model for six-axis trunk IMU representation learning under clinical data scarcity. Clinical cohorts typicall

Source-Free Domain Adaptation with Vision-Language Prior

arXiv:2604.17748v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Source-Free Domain Adaptation (SFDA) seeks to adapt a source model, which is pre-trained on a supervised source domain, for a target domain, with only a

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

SpaceDex: Generalizable Dexterous Grasping in Tiered Workspaces

arXiv:2604.17888v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generalizable grasping with high-degree-of-freedom (DoF) dexterous hands remains challenging in tiered workspaces, where occlusion, narrow clearances, a

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

SparrowSNN: A Hardware/software Co-design for Energy Efficient ECG Classification

arXiv:2406.06543v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Deep learning has driven significant technological advancements, but its high energy consumption limits its use on battery-operated edge devic

(Sparse) Attention to the Details: Preserving Spectral Fidelity in ML-based Weather Forecasting Models

arXiv:2604.16429v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce Mosaic, a probabilistic weather forecasting model that addresses two principal sources of spectral degradation in ML-based weather predic

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Sparse Feature Coactivation Reveals Causal Semantic Modules in Large Language Models

arXiv:2506.18141v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We identify semantically coherent, context-consistent network components in large language models (LLMs) using coactivation of sparse autoencoder (S

SPaRSe-TIME: Saliency-Projected Low-Rank Temporal Modeling for Efficient and Interpretable Time Series Prediction

arXiv:2604.17350v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Time series forecasting is traditionally dominated by sequence-based architectures such as recurrent neural networks and attention mechanisms, which p

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Spatial-Regularization-Aware Dual-Branch Collaborative Inference for Training-Free OVSS in Remote Sensing Imagery

arXiv:2601.21159v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: High-resolution remote sensing images contain densely distributed objects with pronounced scale variations and complex boundaries, which impose high

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

SpatialImaginer: Towards Adaptive Visual Imagination for Spatial Reasoning

arXiv:2604.17385v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Spatial intelligence, which refers to the ability to reason about geometric and physical structure from visual observations, remains a core challenge fo

SpatialStack: Layered Geometry-Language Fusion for 3D VLM Spatial Reasoning

arXiv:2603.27437v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large vision-language models (VLMs) still struggle with reliable 3D spatial reasoning, a core capability for embodied and physical AI systems. This

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Spatiotemporal Sycophancy: Negation-Based Gaslighting in Video Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.17873v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Video Large Language Models (Vid-LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in video understanding tasks, yet their robustness under conversational

SpeakerSleuth: Can Large Audio-Language Models Judge Speaker Consistency across Multi-turn Dialogues?

arXiv:2601.04029v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) as judges have emerged as a prominent approach for evaluating speech generation quality, yet their ability to as

Spec-o3: A Tool-Augmented Vision-Language Agent for Rare Celestial Object Candidate Vetting via Automated Spectral Inspection

arXiv:2601.06498v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Due to the limited generalization and interpretability of deep learning classifiers, The final vetting of rare celestial object candidates still rel

Spectral bandits for smooth graph functions

arXiv:2604.18420v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Smooth functions on graphs have wide applications in manifold and semi-supervised learning. In this paper, we study a bandit problem where the payoffs

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Spectral Forensics of Diffusion Attention Graphs for Copy-Move Forgery Detection

arXiv:2604.17287v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Copy-move forgery, where a region within an image is duplicated to hide or fabricate content, remains a persistent threat to visual media integrity. We

Speculative Decoding for Autoregressive Video Generation

arXiv:2604.17397v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autoregressive video diffusion is emerging as a promising paradigm for streaming video synthesis, with step distillation serving as the primary means of

Speculative Verification: Exploiting Information Gain to Refine Speculative Decoding

arXiv:2509.24328v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: LLMs have low GPU efficiency and high latency due to autoregressive decoding. Speculative decoding (SD) mitigates this using a small draft model to

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

SpeechMedAssist: Efficiently and Effectively Adapting Speech Language Models for Medical Consultation

arXiv:2601.04638v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Medical consultations are intrinsically speech-centric. However, most prior works focus on long-text-based interactions, which are cumbersome and pa

SPENCE: A Syntactic Probe for Detecting Contamination in NL2SQL Benchmarks

arXiv:2604.17771v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on natural language to SQL (NL2SQL) benchmarks, yet their reported accuracy may be inflate

SpidR-Adapt: A Universal Speech Representation Model for Few-Shot Adaptation

arXiv:2512.21204v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Human infants, with only a few hundred hours of speech exposure, acquire basic units of new languages, highlighting a striking efficiency gap compar

Spike-NVPT: Learning Robust Visual Prompts via Bio-Inspired Temporal Filtering and Discretization

arXiv:2604.18284v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Pre-trained vision models have found widespread application across diverse domains. Prompt tuning-based methods have emerged as a parameter-efficient pa

SpiralFormer: Looped Transformers Can Learn Hierarchical Dependencies via Multi-Resolution Recursion

arXiv:2602.11698v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recursive (looped) Transformers decouple computational depth from parameter depth by repeatedly applying shared layers, providing an explicit archit

SpiralThinker: Latent Reasoning through an Iterative Process with Text-Latent Interleaving

arXiv:2511.08983v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advances in large reasoning models have been driven by reinforcement learning and test-time scaling, accompanied by growing interest in laten

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Splatography: Sparse multi-view dynamic Gaussian Splatting for filmmaking challenges

arXiv:2511.05152v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Deformable Gaussian Splatting (GS) accomplishes photorealistic dynamic 3-D reconstruction from dense multi-view video (MVV) by learning to deform a

SPOT: Single-Shot Positioning via Trainable Near-Field Rainbow Beamforming

arXiv:2511.11391v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Phase-time arrays, which integrate phase shifters (PSs) and true-time delays (TTDs), have emerged as a cost-effective architecture for generating fr

Spotlights and Blindspots: Evaluation Machine-Generated Text Detection

arXiv:2604.16607v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: With the rise of generative language models, machine-generated text detection has become a critical challenge. A wide variety of models is available, bu

SPS: Steering Probability Squeezing for Better Exploration in Reinforcement Learning for Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.16995v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for training reasoning-oriented models by leveraging rule-based reward signals. However,

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

SQL Query Engine: A Self-Healing LLM Pipeline for Natural Language to PostgreSQL Translation

arXiv:2604.16511v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present SQL Query Engine, an open-source, self-hosted service that translates natural language questions into validated PostgreSQL queries through

ST-pi: Structured SpatioTemporal VLA for Robotic Manipulation

arXiv:2604.17880v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language-action (VLA) models have achieved great success on general robotic tasks, but still face challenges in fine-grained spatiotemporal man

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Stability-Weighted Decoding for Diffusion Language Models

arXiv:2604.17068v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) enable parallel text generation by iteratively denoising a fully masked sequence, unmasking a subset of masked t