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Improving Machine Learning Performance with Synthetic Augmentation

arXiv:2604.14498v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Synthetic augmentation is increasingly used to mitigate data scarcity in financial machine learning, yet its statistical role remains poorly understoo

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

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Improving Prostate Gland Segmentation Using Transformer based Architectures

DGX agent

arXiv:2506.14844v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Inter reader variability and cross site domain shift challenge the automatic segmentation of prostate anatomy using T2 weighted MRI images. Th

researcharxiv-cs-cv

17 Apr 2026

Improving Sparse Autoencoder with Dynamic Attention

arXiv:2604.14925v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recently, sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a promising technique for interpreting activations in foundation models by disentangling features i

Agents

In-Context Autonomous Network Incident Response: An End-to-End Large Language Model Agent Approach

arXiv:2602.13156v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Rapidly evolving cyberattacks demand incident response systems that can autonomously learn and adapt to changing threats. Prior work has exten

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

In Context Learning and Reasoning for Symbolic Regression with Large Language Models

arXiv:2410.17448v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are transformer-based machine learning models that have shown remarkable performance in tasks for which they were not e

Inclusive Kitchen Design for Older Adults: Generative AI Visualizations to Support Mild Cognitive Impairment

arXiv:2604.13203v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) affects 15-20% of adults aged 65 and older, often making kitchen navigation and independent living difficult, particul

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Integrating Object Detection, LiDAR-Enhanced Depth Estimation, and Segmentation Models for Railway Environments

arXiv:2604.14781v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Obstacle detection in railway environments is crucial for ensuring safety. However, very few studies address the problem using a complete, modular, and

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Agents

Integration of Deep Reinforcement Learning and Agent-based Simulation to Explore Strategies Counteracting Information Disorder

arXiv:2604.13047v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In recent years, the spread of fake news has triggered a growing interest in Information Disorders (ID) on social media, a phenomenon that has become

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Internal Knowledge Without External Expression: Probing the Generalization Boundary of a Classical Chinese Language Model

arXiv:2604.14180v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We train a 318M-parameter Transformer language model from scratch on a curated corpus of 1.56 billion tokens of pure Classical Chinese, with zero Englis

Agents

Interpretable and Explainable Surrogate Modeling for Simulations: A State-of-the-Art Survey and Perspectives on Explainable AI for Decision-Making

arXiv:2604.14240v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The simulation of complex systems increasingly relies on sophisticated but fundamentally opaque computational black-box simulators. Surrogate models p

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Interpretable Human Activity Recognition for Subtle Robbery Detection in Surveillance Videos

arXiv:2604.14329v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Non-violent street robberies (snatch-and-run) are difficult to detect automatically because they are brief, subtle, and often indistinguishable from ben

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

IROSA: Interactive Robot Skill Adaptation using Natural Language

arXiv:2603.03897v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Foundation models have demonstrated impressive capabilities across diverse domains, while imitation learning provides principled methods for r

Applications

IUQ: Interrogative Uncertainty Quantification for Long-Form Large Language Model Generation

arXiv:2604.15109v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), uncertainty quantification in LLM generation is a persistent challenge. Although recent a

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

JoyVASA: Portrait and Animal Image Animation with Diffusion-Based Audio-Driven Facial Dynamics and Head Motion Generation

arXiv:2411.09209v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Audio-driven portrait animation has made significant advances with diffusion-based models, improving video quality and lipsync accuracy. However, th

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Just Pass Twice: Efficient Token Classification with LLMs for Zero-Shot NER

arXiv:2604.05158v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models encode extensive world knowledge valuable for zero-shot named entity recognition. However, their causal attention mechanism, w

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Keep It CALM: Toward Calibration-Free Kilometer-Level SLAM with Visual Geometry Foundation Models via an Assistant Eye

arXiv:2604.14795v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Visual Geometry Foundation Models (VGFMs) demonstrate remarkable zero-shot capabilities in local reconstruction. However, deploying them for kilometer-l

local-aiarxiv-cs-ro

Kernel Neural Operators (KNOs) for Scalable, Memory-efficient, Geometrically-flexible Operator Learning

arXiv:2407.00809v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper introduces the Kernel Neural Operator (KNO), a provably convergent operator-learning architecture that utilizes compositions of deep kern

Knowing When Not to Answer: Evaluating Abstention in Multimodal Reasoning Systems

arXiv:2604.14799v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Effective abstention (EA), recognizing evidence insufficiency and refraining from answering, is critical for reliable multimodal systems. Yet existing e

Tutorials

KnowRL: Exploring Knowledgeable Reinforcement Learning for Factuality

arXiv:2506.19807v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly slow-thinking models, often exhibit severe hallucination, outputting incorrect content due to an in

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cl

KVNN: Learnable Multi-Kernel Volterra Neural Networks

arXiv:2604.15141v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Higher-order learning is fundamentally rooted in exploiting compositional features. It clearly hinges on enriching the representation by more elaborate

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Label-efficient underwater species classification with logistic regression on frozen foundation model embeddings

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2604.00313v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Automated species classification from underwater imagery is bottlenecked by the cost of expert annotation, and supervised models trained on one data

Language Model as Planner and Formalizer under Constraints

arXiv:2510.05486v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: LLMs have been widely used in planning, either as planners to generate action sequences end-to-end, or as formalizers to represent the planning doma

Applications

Language Model Fine-Tuning on Scaled Survey Data for Predicting Distributions of Public Opinions

arXiv:2502.16761v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) present novel opportunities in public opinion research by predicting survey responses in advance during the early stage

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Language of Thought Shapes Output Diversity in Large Language Models

arXiv:2601.11227v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Output diversity is crucial for Large Language Models as it underpins pluralism and creativity. In this work, we reveal that controlling the languag

Language on Demand, Knowledge at Core: Composing LLMs with Encoder-Decoder Translation Models for Extensible Multilinguality

arXiv:2603.17512v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong general intelligence, yet their multilingual performance remains highly imbalanced. Although LLMs encode

Applications

Large Language Models to Enhance Business Process Modeling: Past, Present, and Future Trends

arXiv:2604.14034v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in Generative Artificial Intelligence, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), have stimulated growing interest in automating or as

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Large Vision Model-Guided Masked Low-Rank Approximation for Ground-Roll Attenuation

arXiv:2604.00998v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Ground roll is a common type of coherent noise in seismic records, and its attenuation remains challenging due to its substantial overlap with usefu

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Latent Wavelet Diffusion For Ultra-High-Resolution Image Synthesis

arXiv:2506.00433v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: High-resolution image synthesis remains a core challenge in generative modeling, particularly in balancing computational efficiency with the preserv

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Layered Mutability: Continuity and Governance in Persistent Self-Modifying Agents

arXiv:2604.14717v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Persistent language-model agents increasingly combine tool use, tiered memory, reflective prompting, and runtime adaptation. In such systems, behavior

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Hardware

LayerScope: Predictive Cross-Layer Scheduling for Efficient Multi-Batch MoE Inference on Legacy Servers

arXiv:2509.23638v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models face memory and PCIe latency bottlenecks when deployed on commodity hardware. Offloading expert weights to CPU memor

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

Lazy or Efficient? Towards Accessible Eye-Tracking Event Detection Using LLMs

arXiv:2604.13243v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Gaze event detection is fundamental to vision science, human-computer interaction, and applied analytics. However, current workflows often require spe

researcharxiv-cs-ai

LeapAlign: Post-Training Flow Matching Models at Any Generation Step by Building Two-Step Trajectories

arXiv:2604.15311v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper focuses on the alignment of flow matching models with human preferences. A promising way is fine-tuning by directly backpropagating reward gr

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Learning Ad Hoc Network Dynamics via Graph-Structured World Models

arXiv:2604.14811v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Ad hoc wireless networks exhibit complex, innate and coupled dynamics: node mobility, energy depletion and topology change that are difficult to model a

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Learning Adaptive Reasoning Paths for Efficient Visual Reasoning

arXiv:2604.14568v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Visual reasoning models (VRMs) have recently shown strong cross-modal reasoning capabilities by integrating visual perception with language reasoning.

Learning and Generating Mixed States Prepared by Shallow Channel Circuits

arXiv:2604.01197v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Learning quantum states from measurement data is a central problem in quantum information and computational complexity. In this work, we study

Tutorials

Learning temporal embeddings from electronic health records of chronic kidney disease patients

arXiv:2601.18675v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We investigate whether temporal embedding models trained on longitudinal electronic health records can learn clinically meaningful representations w

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Learning to Concatenate Quantum Codes

arXiv:2604.14931v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Concatenating quantum error correction codes scales error correction capability by driving logical error rates down double-exponentially across levels

Tutorials

Learning to Plan, Planning to Learn: Adaptive Hierarchical RL-MPC for Sample-Efficient Decision Making

arXiv:2512.17091v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We propose a new approach for solving planning problems with a hierarchical structure, fusing reinforcement learning and MPC planning. Our formulati

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Learning to Think Like a Cartoon Captionist: Incongruity-Resolution Supervision for Multimodal Humor Understanding

arXiv:2604.15210v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Humor is one of the few cognitive tasks where getting the reasoning right matters as much as getting the answer right. While recent work evaluates hum

Learning Where to Embed: Noise-Aware Positional Embedding for Query Retrieval in Small-Object Detection

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2604.15065v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transformer-based detectors have advanced small-object detection, but they often remain inefficient and vulnerable to background-induced query noise, wh

Leveraging graph neural networks and mobility data for COVID-19 forecasting

arXiv:2501.11711v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed millions of lives, spurring the development of diverse forecasting models. In this context, the true utility of co

LexGenius: An Expert-Level Benchmark for Large Language Models in Legal General Intelligence

arXiv:2512.04578v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Legal general intelligence (GI) refers to artificial intelligence (AI) that encompasses legal understanding, reasoning, and decision-making, simulat

Listen, Correct, and Feed Back: Spoken Pedagogical Feedback Generation

arXiv:2604.14177v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Grammatical error correction (GEC) and explanation (GEE) have made rapid progress, but real teaching scenarios also require learner-friendly pedagogical

Listening Alone, Understanding Together: Collaborative Context Recovery for Privacy-Aware AI

arXiv:2604.13348v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce CONCORD, a privacy-aware asynchronous assistant-to-assistant (A2A) framework that leverages collaboration between proactive speech-based AI

researcharxiv-cs-ai

LLM Predictive Scoring and Validation: Inferring Experience Ratings from Unstructured Text

arXiv:2604.14321v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We tasked GPT-4.1 to read what baseball fans wrote about their game-day experience and predict the overall experience rating each fan gave on a 0-10 sur

LLMOrbit: A Circular Taxonomy of Large Language Models -From Scaling Walls to Agentic AI Systems

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2601.14053v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The field of artificial intelligence has undergone a revolution from foundational Transformer architectures to reasoning-capable systems appro

LLMs Gaming Verifiers: RLVR can Lead to Reward Hacking

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.15149v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has become the dominant paradigm for scaling reasoning capabilities in LLMs, a new failure mode

Logo-LLM: Local and Global Modeling with Large Language Models for Time Series Forecasting

arXiv:2505.11017v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Time series forecasting is critical across multiple domains, where time series data exhibit both local patterns and global dependencies. While Trans

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg