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BRAIN: Bias-Mitigation Continual Learning Approach to Vision-Brain Understanding

arXiv:2508.18187v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Memory decay makes it harder for the human brain to recognize visual objects and retain details. Consequently, recorded brain signals become w

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Brain-DiT: A Universal Multi-state fMRI Foundation Model with Metadata-Conditioned Pretraining

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.12683v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current fMRI foundation models primarily rely on a limited range of brain states and mismatched pretraining tasks, restricting their ability to learn ge

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

15 Apr 2026

Bridging the Micro--Macro Gap: Frequency-Aware Semantic Alignment for Image Manipulation Localization

arXiv:2604.12341v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As generative image editing advances, image manipulation localization (IML) must handle both traditional manipulations with conspicuous forensic artifac

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Broadening the Applicability of Conditional Syntax Splitting for Reasoning from Conditional Belief Bases

arXiv:2604.12660v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In nonmonotonic reasoning from conditional belief bases, an inference operator satisfying syntax splitting postulates allows for taking only the relevan

Building evidence-based knowledge bases from full-text literature for disease-specific biomedical reasoning

arXiv:2603.28325v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Biomedical knowledge resources often either preserve evidence as unstructured text or compress it into flat triples that omit study design, pr

Calibrated Confidence Estimation for Tabular Question Answering

arXiv:2604.12491v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed for tabular question answering, yet calibration on structured data is largely unstudied. This pap

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Calibration-Aware Policy Optimization for Reasoning LLMs

arXiv:2604.12632v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) enhances LLM reasoning but often induces overconfidence, where incorrect responses yield lower perplexity th

CamReasoner: Reinforcing Camera Movement Understanding via Structured Spatial Reasoning

arXiv:2602.00181v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Understanding camera dynamics is a fundamental pillar of video spatial intelligence. However, existing multimodal models predominantly treat t

Can AI Detect Life? Lessons from Artificial Life

arXiv:2604.11915v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern machine learning methods have been proposed to detect life in extraterrestrial samples, drawing on their ability to distinguish biotic from abi

Can AI Tools Transform Low-Demand Math Tasks? An Evaluation of Task Modification Capabilities

arXiv:2604.12743v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While recent research has explored AI tools' ability to classify the quality of mathematical tasks (arXiv:2603.03512), little is known about their capac

Can LLMs Beat Classical Hyperparameter Optimization Algorithms? A Study on autoresearch

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2603.24647v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The autoresearch repository enables an LLM agent to optimize hyperparameters by editing training code directly. We use it as a testbed to compare cl

Agents

CascadeDebate: Multi-Agent Deliberation for Cost-Aware LLM Cascades

arXiv:2604.12262v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cascaded LLM systems coordinate models of varying sizes with human experts to balance accuracy, cost, and abstention under uncertainty. However, singl

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Causal Diffusion Models for Counterfactual Outcome Distributions in Longitudinal Data

arXiv:2604.12992v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Predicting counterfactual outcomes in longitudinal data, where sequential treatment decisions heavily depend on evolving patient states, is critical y

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Causal Fingerprints of AI Generative Models

arXiv:2509.15406v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: AI generative models leave implicit traces in their generated images, which are commonly referred to as model fingerprints and are exploited for sou

CBAM-Enhanced DenseNet121 for Multi-Class Chest X-Ray Classification with Grad-CAM Explainability

arXiv:2604.12305v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Pneumonia remains a leading cause of childhood mortality worldwide, with a heavy burden in low-resource settings such as Bangladesh where radiologist

Cell Instance Segmentation via Multi-Task Image-to-Image Schrodinger Bridge

arXiv:2604.12318v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing cell instance segmentation pipelines typically combine deterministic predictions with post-processing, which imposes limited explicit constrain

Chain-of-Models Pre-Training: Rethinking Training Acceleration of Vision Foundation Models

arXiv:2604.12391v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In this paper, we present Chain-of-Models Pre-Training (CoM-PT), a novel performance-lossless training acceleration method for vision foundation model

Challenging Vision-Language Models with Physically Deployable Multimodal Semantic Lighting Attacks

arXiv:2604.12833v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable performance, yet their security remains insufficiently understood. Existing adversarial studies focu

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Tutorials

Characterizing higher-order representations through generative diffusion models explains human decoded neurofeedback performance

arXiv:2503.14333v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Brains construct not only 'first-order' representations of the environment but also 'higher-order' representations about those representations

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Applications

Characterizing Human Semantic Navigation in Concept Production as Trajectories in Embedding Space

arXiv:2602.05971v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Semantic representations can be framed as a structured, dynamic knowledge space through which humans navigate to retrieve and manipulate meaning. To

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Characterizing Resource Sharing Practices on Underground Internet Forum Synthetic Non-Consensual Intimate Image Content Creation Communities

arXiv:2604.12190v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Many malicious actors responsible for disseminating synthetic non-consensual intimate imagery (SNCII) operate within internet forums to exchange resou

Applications

ChemDFM-R: A Chemical Reasoning LLM Enhanced with Atomized Chemical Knowledge

arXiv:2507.21990v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Atomized chemical knowledge, such as functional group information of molecules and reactions, plays a pivotal intermediate role in the reasoni

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

CIA: Inferring the Communication Topology from LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems

arXiv:2604.12461v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in solving complex tasks. Central to MAS is the communication topology whi

CLAD: Efficient Log Anomaly Detection Directly on Compressed Representations

arXiv:2604.13024v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The explosive growth of system logs makes streaming compression essential, yet existing log anomaly detection (LAD) methods incur severe pre-processing

CLASP: Class-Adaptive Layer Fusion and Dual-Stage Pruning for Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.12767v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) suffer from substantial computational overhead due to the high redundancy in visual token sequences. Existing

Classical and Quantum Speedups for Non-Convex Optimization via Energy Conserving Descent

arXiv:2604.13022v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The Energy Conserving Descent (ECD) algorithm was recently proposed (De Luca & Silverstein, 2022) as a global non-convex optimization method. Unlike g

Classification of Epileptic iEEG using Topological Machine Learning

arXiv:2604.11971v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Epileptic seizure detection from EEG signals remains challenging due to the high dimensionality and nonlinear, potentially stochastic, dynamics of neura

CLEAR: Cross-Lingual Enhancement in Alignment via Reverse-training

arXiv:2604.05821v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Existing multilingual embedding models often encounter challenges in cross-lingual scenarios due to imbalanced linguistic resources and less conside

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Climate Model Tuning with Online Synchronization-Based Parameter Estimation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2510.06180v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In climate science, the tuning of climate models is a computationally intensive problem due to the combination of the high-dimensionality of t

Clustering-Enhanced Domain Adaptation for Cross-Domain Intrusion Detection in Industrial Control Systems

arXiv:2604.12183v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Industrial control systems operate in dynamic environments where traffic distributions vary across scenarios, labeled samples are limited, and unknown

Clustering with Uniformity- and Neighbor-Based Random Geometric Graphs

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2501.06268v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We propose a graph-based clustering method based on Cluster Catch Digraphs (CCDs) that extends their applicability to moderate-dimensional data sett

CoD-Lite: Real-Time Diffusion-Based Generative Image Compression

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2604.12525v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advanced diffusion methods typically derive strong generative priors by scaling diffusion transformers. However, scaling fails to generalize when

CoDe-R: Refining Decompiler Output with LLMs via Rationale Guidance and Adaptive Inference

arXiv:2604.12913v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Binary decompilation is a critical reverse engineering task aimed at reconstructing high-level source code from stripped executables. Although Large L

CodeSpecBench: Benchmarking LLMs for Executable Behavioral Specification Generation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2604.12268v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) can generate code from natural language, but the extent to which they capture intended program behavior remains unclear.

CODESTRUCT: Code Agents over Structured Action Spaces

arXiv:2604.05407v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: LLM-based code agents treat repositories as unstructured text, applying edits through brittle string matching that frequently fails due to formattin

Agents

Coding-Free and Privacy-Preserving MCP Framework for Clinical Agentic Research Intelligence System

arXiv:2604.12258v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Clinical research involves labor-intensive processes such as study design, cohort construction, model development, and documentation, requiring domain

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

CoG: Controllable Graph Reasoning via Relational Blueprints and Failure-Aware Refinement over Knowledge Graphs

arXiv:2601.11047v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning capabilities but often grapple with reliability challenges like hallucinations.

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Cognition-Inspired Dual-Stream Semantic Enhancement for Vision-Based Dynamic Emotion Modeling

arXiv:2604.12777v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The human brain constructs emotional percepts not by processing facial expressions in isolation, but through a dynamic, hierarchical integration of se

CoLA: A Choice Leakage Attack Framework to Expose Privacy Risks in Subset Training

arXiv:2604.12342v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Training models on a carefully chosen portion of data rather than the full dataset is now a standard preprocess for modern ML. From vision coreset sel

Combating Pattern and Content Bias: Adversarial Feature Learning for Generalized AI-Generated Image Detection

arXiv:2604.12353v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In recent years, the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence technology has significantly lowered the barrier to creating high-quality f

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Compiling Activation Steering into Weights via Null-Space Constraints for Stealthy Backdoors

arXiv:2604.12359v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Safety-aligned large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world pipelines, yet this deployment also enlarges the supply-chain atta

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Complementarity by Construction: A Lie-Group Approach to Solving Quadratic Programs with Linear Complementarity Constraints

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2604.11991v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Many problems in robotics require reasoning over a mix of continuous dynamics and discrete events, such as making and breaking contact in manipulation a

CompliBench: Benchmarking LLM Judges for Compliance Violation Detection in Dialogue Systems

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2604.12312v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as task-oriented agents in enterprise environments, ensuring their strict adherence to complex

Conflated Inverse Modeling to Generate Diverse and Temperature-Change Inducing Urban Vegetation Patterns

arXiv:2604.13028v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Urban areas are increasingly vulnerable to thermal extremes driven by rapid urbanization and climate change. Traditionally, thermal extremes have been m

Constant-Factor Approximation for the Uniform Decision Tree

arXiv:2604.12036v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We resolve a long-standing open question, about the existence of a constant-factor approximation algorithm for the average-case extsc{Decision Tree} p

ContextLens: Modeling Imperfect Privacy and Safety Context for Legal Compliance

arXiv:2604.12308v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Individuals' concerns about data privacy and AI safety are highly contextualized and extend beyond sensitive patterns. Addressing these issues requires

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Contextual Multi-Task Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Reef Monitoring

arXiv:2604.12645v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Although autonomous underwater vehicles promise the capability of marine ecosystem monitoring, their deployment is fundamentally limited by the diffic

Continuous Knowledge Metabolism: Generating Scientific Hypotheses from Evolving Literature

arXiv:2604.12243v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Scientific hypothesis generation requires tracking how knowledge evolves, not just what is currently known. We introduce Continuous Knowledge Metaboli