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Perception Without Engagement: Dissecting the Causal Discovery Deficit in LMMs

arXiv:2605.09422v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Although Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have achieved strong performance on general video understanding, their susceptibility to textual prior shortcuts

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

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Perceptual Asymmetry Between Hue Categories: Evidence from Human Color Categorization

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.09339v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Human color categories are not uniformly distributed in perceptual space, yet most computational color models still assume fixed and evenly structured

researcharxiv-cs-ai

12 May 2026

Performance and Energy Trade-Off Analysis of Hierarchical Federated Learning for Plant Disease Classification

arXiv:2605.08121v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Early detection of plant diseases is critical for improving crop productivity, while it also facilitates the foundations of precision agriculture. Rec

Hardware

PermuQuant: Lowering Per-Group Quantization Error by Reordering Channels for Diffusion Models

arXiv:2605.09503v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large-scale visual generative models have achieved remarkable performance. However, their high computational and memory costs make deployment challengin

hardwarearxiv-cs-cv

Personal Visual Context Learning in Large Multimodal Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2605.10936v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As wearable devices like smart glasses integrate Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) into the continuous first-person visual streams of individual users, the

Personalized Alignment Revisited: The Necessity and Sufficiency of User Diversity

arXiv:2605.09119v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Personalized alignment aims to adapt large language models to heterogeneous user preferences, yet the precise theoretical conditions for its statistic

Personalizing LLMs with Binary Feedback: A Preference-Corrected Optimization Framework

arXiv:2605.10043v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM) personalization aims to align model behaviors with individual user preferences. Existing methods often focus on isolated us

PersonaTeaming: Supporting Persona-Driven Red-Teaming for Generative AI

arXiv:2605.05682v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent developments in AI safety research have called for red-teaming methods that effectively surface potential risks posed by generative AI

PFN-TS: Thompson Sampling for Contextual Bandits via Prior-Data Fitted Networks

arXiv:2605.10137v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Thompson sampling is a widely used strategy for contextual bandits: at each round, it samples a reward function from a Bayesian posterior and acts gre

PGID: Progressive Guided Inversion and Denoising for Robust Watermark Detection

arXiv:2605.09319v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: With the proliferation of AI-generated images, digital watermarking has become an essential safeguard for protecting intellectual property and mitigatin

researcharxiv-cs-cv

PHAGE: Patent Heterogeneous Attention-Guided Graph Encoder for Representation Learning

arXiv:2605.10073v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Patent claims form a directed dependency structure in which dependent claims inherit and refine the scope of earlier claims; however, existing patent en

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Phase Transitions in Affective Meaning Divergence: The Hidden Drift Before the Break

arXiv:2605.09043v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: One partner says 'Fine' meaning resolution; the other hears surrender. The word is shared; the affective uptake is not. We formalize this as affective

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Phases of Muon: When Muon Eclipses SignSGD

arXiv:2605.09552v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recently, Muon and related spectral optimizers have demonstrated strong empirical performance as scalable stochastic methods, often outperforming Adam

PHIDA: Persistence-Guided Node-to-Cluster Mapping for Online Clustering

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.08673v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Online clustering methods that adaptively create and update nodes as data arrive often make node learning explicit, whereas the mapping from the learned

PHMForge: Evaluating LLM Agents on Industrial Prognostics through MCP-Native, Algorithm-Grounded Tools

arXiv:2604.01532v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: LLM agents are beginning to invoke industrial asset-management tools through the Model Context Protocol (MCP), yet whether they can act reliably on

Phoenix-VL 1.5 Medium Technical Report

arXiv:2605.10391v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce Phoenix-VL 1.5 Medium, a 123B-parameter natively multimodal and multilingual foundation model, adapted to regional languages and the Sing

PhyGround: Benchmarking Physical Reasoning in Generative World Models

arXiv:2605.10806v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generative world models are increasingly used for video generation, where learned simulators are expected to capture the physical rules that govern re

PhysEDA: Physics-Aware Learning Framework for Efficient EDA With Manhattan Distance Decay

arXiv:2605.10547v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Electronic design automation (EDA) addresses placement, routing, timing analysis, and power-integrity verification for integrated circuits. Learning met

PhysHanDI: Physics-Based Reconstruction of Hand-Deformable Object Interactions

arXiv:2605.09538v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While existing methods for reconstructing hand-object interactions have made impressive progress, they either focus on rigid or part-wise rigid object

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Physical probes expose and alleviate chemical-environment collapse in molecular representations

arXiv:2605.10429v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides an experimental readout of local chemical environments, but its use in molecular representation

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Physics-Informed Neural PDE Solvers via Spatio-Temporal MeanFlow

arXiv:2605.08915v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep learning paradigms, such as PINNs and neural operators, have significantly advanced the solving of PDEs. However, they often struggle to capture th

Physics-Modeled Neural Networks

arXiv:2605.08176v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce Dynamical Physics-Modeled Neural Networks (DynPMNNs), a continuous-time deep learning architecture in which each hidden layer is defined as

Agents

PiCA: Pivot-Based Credit Assignment for Search Agentic Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2605.09287v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM)-based search agents trained with reinforcement learning (RL) have significantly improved the performance of knowledge-intensi

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

PIDNet: Progressive Implicit Decouple Network for Multimodal Action Quality Assessment

arXiv:2605.08945v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Action quality assessment (AQA) aims to automatically quantify the execution quality of human actions in videos and is valuable for applications such as

researcharxiv-cs-cv

PINS: Proximal Iterations with Sparse Newton and Sinkhorn for Optimal Transport

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2502.03749v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Optimal transport (OT) is a widely used tool in machine learning, but computing high-accuracy solutions for large instances remains costly. Entropic

Pix2Fact: When Vision Is Not Enough -- Benchmarking Fine-Grained VQA with Web Verification on High-Resolution Real-World Scenes

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2602.00593v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Despite progress on general tasks, vision-language models (VLMs) still struggle with challenges that demand both fine-grained visual grounding and e

Pixal3D: Pixel-Aligned 3D Generation from Images

arXiv:2605.10922v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in 3D generative models have rapidly improved image-to-3D synthesis quality, enabling higher-resolution geometry and more realistic appe

researcharxiv-cs-cv

PixelFlowCast: Latent-Free Precipitation Nowcasting via Pixel Mean Flows

arXiv:2605.10046v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Precipitation nowcasting aims to forecast short-term radar echo sequences for extreme weather warning, where both prediction fidelity and inference effi

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

PLACO: A Multi-Stage Framework for Cost-Effective Performance in Human-AI Teams

arXiv:2605.08388v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Human-AI teams play a pivotal role in improving overall system performance when neither the human nor the model can achieve such performance on their ow

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Plan in Sandbox, Navigate in Open Worlds: Learning Physics-Grounded Abstracted Experience for Embodied Navigation

arXiv:2605.10118v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated exceptional general reasoning capabilities. However, their performance in embodied navigation remains hi

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Plan2Cleanse: Test-Time Backdoor Defense via Monte-Carlo Planning in Deep Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2605.09638v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Ensuring the security of reinforcement learning (RL) models is critical, particularly when they are trained by third parties and deployed in real-world

PlantMarkerBench: A Multi-Species Benchmark for Evidence-Grounded Plant Marker Reasoning

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.10032v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Cell-type-specific marker genes are fundamental to plant biology, yet existing resources primarily rely on curated databases or high-throughput studies

Playing games with knowledge: AI-Induced delusions need game theoretic interventions

arXiv:2605.08409v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Conversational AI has a fundamental flaw as a knowledge interface: sycophantic chatbots induce epistemic entrenchment and delusional belief spirals even

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Playing Games with My Heart: An Evaluation of AI Companion Apps

arXiv:2605.08093v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The use of chatbots for various forms of companionship is growing rapidly, raising a myriad of questions about simulated relationships, emotional depe

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

PMCTS: Particle Monte Carlo Tree Search for Principled Parallelized Inference Time Scaling

arXiv:2605.08982v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a widely used approach for policy improvement through search with increasing popularity for real world applications. D

Agents

PnP-Corrector: A Universal Correction Framework for Coupled Spatiotemporal Forecasting

arXiv:2605.08935v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Coupled spatiotemporal forecasting is important for predicting the future evolution of multiple interacting dynamical systems, such as in climate models

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

[PoC] Building a Local Multi-Agent AI Dev Studio alpha version (Architect/Senior/Junior) on a 10-year-old Haswell & GTX 1050 Ti (No APIs, Full AirLLM + Ollama)

This post describes a proof-of-concept implementation of a multi-agent AI development studio with architect, senior, and junior role personas, built entirely locally using AirLLM and Ollama without re

local-air-ollama

PoDAR: Power-Disentangled Audio Representation for Generative Modeling

arXiv:2605.10084v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The performance of audio latent diffusion models is primarily governed by generator expressivity and the modelability of the underlying latent space.

researcharxiv-cs-ai

PoHAR: Understanding Hyperlocal Human Activities with Pollution Sensor Networks

arXiv:2605.09434v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Low-cost air quality sensors are becoming ubiquitous in our daily lives as public awareness of air pollution continues to grow, and people take measur

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

PolarVSR: A Unified Framework and Benchmark for Continuous Space-Time Polarization Video Reconstruction

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2605.10275v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Polarimetric imaging captures surface polarization characteristics, such as the Degree of Linear Polarization (DoLP) and the Angle of Polarization (AoP)

Policy Gradient Methods for Non-Markovian Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2605.10816v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study policy gradient methods for reinforcement learning in non-Markovian decision processes (NMDPs), where observations and rewards depend on the

Political Plasticity: An Analysis of Ideological Adaptability in Large Language Models

arXiv:2605.08415v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Since the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), a significant area of research has focused on their intrinsic biases, particularly in political discou

Polygon-mamba: Retinal vessel segmentation using polygon scanning mamba and space-frequency collaborative attention

arXiv:2605.10581v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retinal vessel segmentation is crucial for diagnosis and assessment of ocular diseases. Notably, segmentation of small retinal vessels has been consiste

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Polymath: A Challenging Multi-modal Mathematical Reasoning Benchmark

arXiv:2410.14702v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) exhibit impressive problem-solving abilities in various domains, but their visual comprehension and abstra

Tutorials

Portable Active Learning for Object Detection

arXiv:2605.10349v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Annotating bounding boxes is costly and limits the scalability of object detection. This challenge is compounded by the need to preserve high accuracy

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Position: Academic Conferences are Potentially Facing Denominator Gaming Caused by Fully Automated Scientific Agents

arXiv:2605.09915v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The implicit policy of maintaining relatively stable acceptance rates at top AI conferences, despite exponentially growing submissions, introduces a c

Position: AI Security Policy Should Target Systems, Not Models

arXiv:2605.09504v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present swarm-attack, an open-source adversarial testing framework in which multiple lightweight LLM agents coordinate through shared memory, paral

Position: Avoid Overstretching LLMs for every Enterprise Task

arXiv:2605.09365v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Enterprise workloads are dominated by deterministic, structured, and knowledge-dependent tasks operating under strict cost, latency, and reliability con

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai