Search: “tool-use”

AgenTRIM: Tool Risk Mitigation for Agentic AI

arXiv:2601.12449v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: AI agents are autonomous systems that combine LLMs with external tools to solve complex tasks. While such tools extend capability, improper to

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Arkios: An Open Bilingual English-Nepali Language Model Trained From Scratch, with a Devanagari-Aware Tokenizer

DGX agent

arXiv:2608.30092v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present Arkios, a 1.04B-parameter dense transformer pretrained from scratch on 150B tokens of bilingual English-Nepali text, using a custom single-

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

1 Sept 2026

Automatic Conversion of NICE Guidelines to an Executable Computational Model Using Large Language Models

arXiv:2608.30022v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Introduction: NICE guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for clinical care but remain largely in unstructured natural language. Existing app

Beyond the Answer Key: Robustness Evaluation of Large Language Models for Step-Level Mathematical Verification

arXiv:2608.28725v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as graders, verifiers, and process auditors, but most mathematical evaluations still emphasize final-

Evaluating LLM-based AI agents integrated with materials synthesis tools: the case of atomic layer deposition

arXiv:2608.29309v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This work provides an overview of the different strategies that can be used to evaluate the performance of AI models and agents based on large languag

GUI-PRA: Process Reward Agent for GUI Tasks

arXiv:2509.23263v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Long-horizon GUI automation remains challenging due to error accumulation over extended interaction sequences. Process Reward Models (PRMs) provide

Learning to Reason and Use Tools through Unsupervised Fine-Tuning in Task-Oriented Dialog Systems

arXiv:2608.30426v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current dialogue systems struggle with dynamic information retrieval, often leading to hallucinations and lower response accuracy. We address this by ad

Measure Before You Manage: Evaluating Agent Working Memory in Coding Agents

arXiv:2608.31057v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agent working memory is heterogeneous. Objects such as instructions, artifacts, tool outputs, and agent-generated state play different semantic roles an

Reconciling Process Supervision with Outcome-Based Credit in Agentic Policy Optimization

arXiv:2608.31077v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Outcome-based reinforcement learning provides verified feedback for language-model agents, but assigns trajectory-level advantage uniformly to all decis

SciOrch: Learning to Orchestrate Expert LLMs for Solving Frontier Multimodal Scientific Reasoning Tasks

arXiv:2606.15872v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Frontier scientific reasoning remains a major challenge for large language models (LLMs), where even the strongest commercial systems fall short of

TRACER: Per-Tool Context Retention for LLM Agents via Consequence-Attributed Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2608.29363v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Enterprise data agents answer business queries by chaining many tool calls over multiple reasoning steps, routinely accumulating hundreds of thousands o

VisLens: Single-Pass Interpretable Visual Search for Multimodal LLMs

arXiv:2608.30705v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) struggle with fine-grained Visual Search, the task of locating small or rare objects in high-resolution images.

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

What Makes Agent Memory Useful for Reliable Unanswerable Question Handling?

arXiv:2608.27924v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable handling of unanswerable questions (UAQs) is critical for trustworthy LLM-based agents. Although memory is widely used in agent systems, its ro

31 Aug 2026

Why Didn't It Check? Unsupported Final Claims and Their Repair in Two Tool-Equipped Language Models

arXiv:2608.27768v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A language model with access to tools can commit to a final claim unsupported by the evidence it has seen, even when a single available tool call woul

31 Aug 2026

Agentic AI for operating scientific instruments for nanoscale characterization

arXiv:2608.26198v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Operating a scientific instrument such as an atomic force microscope (AFM) requires continuous expert decision-making. A trained user defines the experi

AgentJudgeBench: A Multi-Difficulty Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Judges on Agentic Tool-Calling

arXiv:2608.26623v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM judges are widely used to evaluate agentic tool-calling systems, yet their reliability on structured, dependency-driven workflows remains largely un

Applications

Neuro-symbolic PRM: Enhancing Scientific Reasoning via Structured Traces and Symbolic Verification

arXiv:2608.26329v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While tool-augmented Large Language Models have significantly improved multi-step reasoning in quantitative STEM tasks, a critical residual failure mode

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

The Cold-Start Safety Gap in LLM Agents

arXiv:2606.07867v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Are tool-calling LLM agents equally safe throughout a conversation? We discover they are not: agents are most vulnerable at the very start of a sess

Think3D: Thinking with Space for Spatial Reasoning

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2601.13029v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at 2D visual understanding, they remain constrained by 2D-centric paradigm that severely limits genuine 3D

AgentWorld: Personality-Aware Reliability Evaluation for Agentic Information Retrieval

arXiv:2608.24076v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Evaluation of agentic information retrieval remains limited to scripted interactions with uniform users, missing both natural personality diversity and

Are Android GUI Agents Robust Against Runtime Anomalies? AnTrap: Evaluating Agents in Dynamic Adversarial Environments

arXiv:2608.24099v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: GUI agents often encounter dynamic anomalies when deployed on Android devices, from unexpected pop-ups to action misuse, yet existing benchmarks lack sy

From State to Action: OODA-Tool for Reliable Multi-Turn Tool Use

arXiv:2608.24368v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable multi-turn tool use requires an agent to preserve an evolving task state and ensure that each action remains consistent with it. However, direc

Knowing When to Ask for Help: Bayesian Self-Escalation in Hierarchical LLM Agents

arXiv:2608.24087v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Current LLM agent systems decide delegation before reasoning begins (a router picks a model) or after a response is complete (a verifier scores it and

PeakBench: Benchmarking Resource-Aware Tool Invocation in LLM Agents

arXiv:2608.24509v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM agents increasingly solve tasks by invoking multiple tools, where parallel execution is essential for low latency but difficult to manage safely. Ex

PROOF-Gen: From Optimized Data to Better Distillation

arXiv:2608.23911v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Supervised fine-tuning on teacher-generated trajectories is the standard first stage for distilling tool-calling capabilities into deployable models. Po

ATP-Bench: Towards Agentic Tool Planning for MLLM Interleaved Generation

arXiv:2603.29902v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Interleaved text-and-image generation represents a significant frontier for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), offering a more intuitive way

EarthVerse: Benchmarking Scientific Agents Across Dynamic Earth Systems and Natural Hazards

arXiv:2608.23525v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Earth-system analysis reconstructs changing physical processes from observations that differ in source, scale, timing, and modality. Natural hazards mak

Gated Decoupled Compositional Bandits: A Unified Theory of Contextual Bandits with Supervised-Calibrated Action Scaling and Pre-Execution Gating

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2608.21993v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce Gated Decoupled Compositional Bandits (GDCB), a family of contextual bandit algorithms with three structural innovations that jointly fall

Safety Training May Persist Through Helpfulness Optimization in LLM Agents

arXiv:2603.02229v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Safety post-training has been studied extensively in single-step 'chat' settings where safety typically refers to refusing harmful requests. W

Think with Structured Grounding: Perceptual Reinforcement Learning for Chart and Visual-Tabular Understanding

arXiv:2608.22429v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) capable of thinking with images often rely on external tools for fine-grained perception. However, this relianc

TRACE: A Self-Evolving Skill Bank for Consistent, Limit-Aware LLM Agents

arXiv:2608.22793v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reliable deployment of LLM agents in user-facing products depends not on raw task-solving ability but on consistency and limit-awareness: behaving the

Ansari: A Retrieval-Grounded Islamic AI Assistant -- Architecture, Deployment, and Lessons from 140,000 Conversations

arXiv:2608.20390v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: General-purpose large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to answer religious questions, but for Islamic content they carry two serious risks

Beyond End-to-End Success: Diagnosing Failures in Long-Horizon Security LLM Agents

arXiv:2608.20563v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Long-horizon security LLM agents must carry information and decisions across many dependent interactions, where later actions often depend on services

Don't Solve, Just Compare: Tiny Advisors for Runtime Intervention in LLM Agents

arXiv:2608.21027v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM agents are emerging as an important paradigm for real-world tasks that require reasoning, tool use, and sequential decision-making. As these agents

MM-ToolSandBox: A Unified Framework for Evaluating Visual Tool-Calling Agents

arXiv:2607.11818v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We introduce MM-ToolSandBox, a benchmark and evaluation framework for visually grounded tool-calling agents. The framework provides a stateful

VortexChat: An agentic framework for autonomous multi-objective integrated photonic design

arXiv:2608.20688v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The advancement of modern integrated photonics is frequently bottlenecked by device design workflows that rely heavily on manual simulation and expert i

Calibrated Triage, Not Autonomy: Confidence Estimation for Medical Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2606.15910v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: A vision-language model can answer a question about a chest radiograph or a pathology slide fluently and confidently while barely using the image, r

MidTool: Mid-training Data Synthesis for Agentic Tool Use

arXiv:2608.20314v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mid-training is increasingly recognized as a critical stage for shaping the capabilities of large language models. Recent work has shown that targeted m

One Success Isn't Reliability: Thinkingbox, a Sandbox and Benchmark for Agents in Stateful Business Workflows

arXiv:2608.19741v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent agent benchmarks increasingly ground evaluation in executable environments, from code repair to web navigation, app APIs, and function calling. Y

Local Ai

SPyCE: Skill-Policy Co-evolution for Multimodal Agents

arXiv:2607.13854v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multimodal agents that think with images iteratively manipulate visual evidence and invoke tools across many steps. Existing reinforcement learning

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

ComponentBench: Diagnosing Component-Level Failures in Computer-Use Agents

arXiv:2608.18307v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current evaluation of computer-use agents is split between long-horizon workflow benchmarks and atomic GUI-grounding tests. This leaves an under-instrum

Looped Language Models Improve Compositional Tool Calling

arXiv:2608.18171v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Looped language models have shown promising results on reasoning benchmarks, yet their potential for agentic tool use remains largely unexplored. We stu

RTPO: Reverse-Turn Policy Optimization for Stabilizing Agentic RL Training

arXiv:2608.18682v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Training multi-turn agentic workflows with reinforcement learning (RL) enables large language models to perform complex reasoning, use external tools, a

Self-Improvement of Large Language Models: A Technical Overview and Future Outlook

arXiv:2603.25681v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, improving them solely through human supervision is becoming increasingly costly and limited in

SPADE: Self-Play in Adaptive Synthetic Executable Environments

arXiv:2608.19197v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Continuous self-improvement requires an ever-expanding pool of self-generated, diverse, adaptive goals. For language agents, existing training environ

What is Missing from AI Post-Training AI: An Empirical Analysis

arXiv:2608.19072v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents can now post-train an LLM end-to-end. They can write code, launch training, evaluate checkpoints, and improve downstre

Cross-View Correspondence Is a Measurement Intervention: Two-Sided Validation for Agent Evaluation and Credit Assignment

arXiv:2608.17713v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agent evaluations and trace-based learning often compare outputs across transformed views through a post-response correspondence treated as neutral prep

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

19 Aug 2026

LEGO-RL: Harness-Native Reinforcement Learning for Coding Agents

arXiv:2608.17393v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning for coding agents increasingly relies on long-running agent harnesses to manage tool integration, repository contexts, and execut