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When Chain-of-Thought Helps and When It Hurts: An Empirical Investigation of the Serial-Depth Bottleneck in LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2608.09942v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: It is widely assumed that chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting universally improves LLM reasoning. We investigate this through the conceptual framework of

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Research

When Do Anchor-Based Pointwise LLM Rerankers Help? Retriever Quality, Statistical Scope, and Anchor Design

DGX agent

arXiv:2608.10528v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Anchor-based pointwise LLM reranking scores each candidate against a shared reference passage to recover cross-document context at pointwise cost. We

researcharxiv-cs-lg

12 Aug 2026

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision

arXiv:2608.10731v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Whether an additional general dimension is necessary beyond correlated first-order factors is a property of the population covariance matrix, not of a

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Applications

When Repository Labels Are Not Image-Level Truth: A Supervision Auditing Framework for Chest Radiograph AI

arXiv:2608.10084v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Public chest X-ray repositories are widely used to train medical AI systems, yet their labels are typically extracted from radiology reports rather th

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Local Ai

When Vision Becomes Text: Visual Token Pruning via Cross-Modal Residual Guidance in VLMs

arXiv:2608.10489v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Abundant visual information strengthens vision-language model (VLM) perception, yet massive visual tokens raise inference costs. Existing visual token p

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

When Visual Signals Mislead: A Mechanistic Study of Attribute Hallucination in Vision-Language Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2608.11024v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Attribute hallucination---where vision-language models (VLMs) correctly identify an object but mischaracterize its properties---is prevalent yet mechani

Applications

When Your State Estimator Has Lost The Plot: Detecting Estimator Failures Via Spectral Analysis

arXiv:2608.10623v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable onboard state estimation is essential for safe robotic operation, yet unmodeled disturbances, such as sensor aliasing or out-of-distribution no

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

Where To Look? : Causal Tracing of Vision Encoders in VLM

arXiv:2608.10758v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language models can describe an image with remarkable accuracy, yet a more fundamental question remains unanswered: what visual information actua

Whisper-Aware LLM: Self-Supervised Uncertainty Learning for Robust Whispered Speech Recognition

arXiv:2608.10836v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The signal ambiguity of whispered speech drives ASR systems toward two opposing failure modes: failing to capture whispered speech or hallucinatory tr

Applications

Who Gets Heeded? An Obligation-Level Audit of Responsiveness in EPA Rulemaking

arXiv:2608.10329v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Notice-and-comment rulemaking gives any affected party the same formal right to influence federal regulation, but formal access is not substantive cap

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Whole-Body Planning for Humanoids Navigating Confined Spaces via Self-Collision Avoidance References

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2608.10220v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Humanoid locomotion in highly confined environments requires navigating dense environmental obstacles and complex self-collision bounds while maintainin

Why Does CLAUDE.md Keep Growing? Catastrophic Remembering in Agentic Coding

arXiv:2608.11095v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agentic coding READMEs like CLAUDE.md grow without bound in real repositories, stopping only when the repository retires or someone rewrites the file wh

Wind-Informed Rapid Flight-Planning in Complex Urban Topologies via Machine Learning and Experimental Validation

arXiv:2608.10309v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Advanced air mobility operations hold the potential to enhance and expand regional transportation of both people and goods in populated areas. However

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Withholding the Completing Chunk: Deterministic Pair-Completion Guardrails for Streaming LLM Output

arXiv:2608.10279v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Streaming language-model output creates a release-timing problem: complete-response moderation acts after streamed text has escaped, whereas repeated

Workflow Cards: Structured Summaries of Workflow Executions Using Provenance Data

arXiv:2608.11022v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Model Cards and Data Cards have demonstrated the value of structured, human-readable documentation for machine learning artifacts, capturing their con

X2-Turn: Frame-Synchronous Dual-Head Modeling for Joint Streaming ASR and Turn State Prediction

arXiv:2608.10878v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate and responsive turn-taking is essential for spoken dialogue systems, which must distinguish in real time between user interruptions, backchanne

researcharxiv-cs-cl

XCoT-VLA: Executable Chain-of-Thought for Vision-Language-Action Driving

arXiv:2608.10976v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models can connect scene understanding, semantic reasoning, and trajectory generation for autonomous driving. However, verb

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

'YES! YES! I absolutely love this insight!' Affirmative Narration as Interactional Strategy in Dialogues with LLM Chatbots

arXiv:2607.28646v2 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This article analyses narrative mechanisms that are common in dialogues with LLM chatbots. In combination, these mechanisms produce an interactional s

Your LLM, Your Style: Behavioral Mode Axes for LLM Behavioral Control

arXiv:2608.10703v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) increasingly act in interactive settings where their behavioral styles affect user experience, safety, and downstream dec

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

ZeroPur: Succinct Training-Free Adversarial Purification

arXiv:2406.03143v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Adversarial purification is a kind of defense technique that can defend against various unseen adversarial attacks without modifying the victim clas

360CityArena: A Realistic Virtual Urban Navigation Benchmark for Embodied Agents

arXiv:2608.08814v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present 360CityArena, a benchmark for evaluating the urban exploration capabilities of embodied agents within a photorealistic environment construc

Local Ai

4D-WAM: Infusing Spatiotemporal Awareness into World Action Models through Trajectory Fields

arXiv:2608.08023v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Building on recent advances in world models, World Action Models (WAMs) jointly model video prediction and action generation. However, they typically re

local-aiarxiv-cs-ro

A Combined Feature-Based Framework for Disguise and Spoofing Detection in Face Recognition Systems

arXiv:2608.08521v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Face recognition systems face two distinct, commonly-separated failure modes: spoofing, where an impostor presents a photograph or video of an authori

Agents

A Communication-Efficient Digital Twin Framework for PSO-Based Swarm Navigation and Obstacle Avoidance

arXiv:2406.19930v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Swarm-based target localization in industrial environments faces two major challenges: navigating obstacle-rich spaces and managing intensive commun

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

A Content-Aware Pure Permutation with Intrinsic Avalanche Effect: Breaking the Diffusion-Permutation Dichotomy

arXiv:2608.09452v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Pixel permutation is a fundamental tool in image processing, image encryption, and data hiding (including watermarking and steganography) that rearrange

A continually expandable foundation model for brain MRI

arXiv:2608.08319v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is central to neuroscience and clinical assessment, but models are commonly developed for individual diseases, po

A Control Function Framework for Mitigating Position Bias in Learning to Rank Systems

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2506.06989v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Learning-to-rank (LTR) systems commonly depend on implicit feedback, such as user clicks, because it is easy to collect and can serve as a val

A Controlled Study of Feature-Based Knowledge Distillation Across Student Designs

arXiv:2608.08294v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Knowledge distillation trains a smaller student to match the outputs of a larger teacher. Feature-based methods also align intermediate representation

A cylindrical neural approximation theorem for conditional laws of McKean-Vlasov equations with common noise

arXiv:2608.08040v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce conditional cylindrical neural networks for approximating functionals of conditional laws in McKean-Vlasov equations with common noise. F

A Distribution Mapping Approach to Counterfactually Fair Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2608.08743v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) seeks to optimize sequential decisions to maximize population-level benefits over time. However, when deployed in high-sta

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

A Domain-Structured Ensemble Framework for Perioperative Outcome Prediction Using Electronic Health Record Data

arXiv:2608.08920v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Perioperative risk prediction models are often limited by narrow surgical populations, incomplete intraoperative data, poor calibration, and limited int

A Dynamic-Semantics Framework for Grounding Human Referring Expressions in Visual Perceptual Data

arXiv:2608.08663v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Humans converge on shared names for novel, hard-to-describe objects through repeated interaction, a process psycholinguists call lexical entrainment.

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

A Fair Objective for Human-Empowerment-Preserving AI: Desiderata, Design, and Likely Behavioral Consequences

arXiv:2608.08240v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper explores the idea of promoting well-being and safety in human-AI interactions by forcing AI agents explicitly to empower humans and to manage

A foundation model of numerical intelligence with cross-disciplinary generalization

arXiv:2607.28432v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Intelligence is commonly understood as the ability to acquire and apply knowledge, adapt to unfamiliar situations and solve new problems. Large lang

Agents

A Grounded and Decomposed Framework for Relation-Level Hallucination Evaluation in Abstractive Summarization

arXiv:2608.08180v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Abstractive text summarization systems frequently generate fluent yet unfaithful summaries by fabricating or distorting relationships between entities

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Agents

A Height-Constrained 2-Point Minimal Solver for Pose Estimation from Active LED Markers with Event Cameras

arXiv:2608.09520v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In many autonomous applications requiring real-time localization, active marker-based systems are preferred due to their low latency and ease of deploym

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

A Hybrid Nested Harness for Decoupling Structure and Parameters in LLM-Driven Optimization

arXiv:2608.08156v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In evolutionary algorithms powered by language models, the LLM acts as a single operator that simultaneously updates structural components (like control

A Hybrid Neural-Microfacet BRDF Model for Real-Time Rendering

arXiv:2608.09604v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Over the past decade, microfacet-based BRDF models have formed the foundation of real-time rendering pipelines. Despite their widespread use, they oft

A Machine Learning Based Search for Lunar Anomalies

arXiv:2608.09350v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) has been collecting high-resolution images (at around 0.5-2 meters per pixel linearly with its Narrow Angle Cam

A Mean-Field Framework for Inference-Time Distributional Control of Diffusion Models

arXiv:2608.08770v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Diffusion models are increasingly used as controllable samplers, whose generations can be steered at inference time according to a chosen reward funct

A Mechanistic Diagnostic of Rank Collapse in Post-Norm Decoder Transformers

arXiv:2608.09417v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep decoder-only Transformers often replace the original Post-Norm architecture with Pre-Norm variants because Post-Norm training is highly sensitive t

A Minimal kappa--au Logic for Risk-Sensitive Abduction

arXiv:2608.08192v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Standard approaches to abductive reasoning can retain multiple candidate explanations, but they do not generally combine explicit compositional cross-hy

A Mixed-Stiffness Anthropomimetic Fingertip Broadens the Operating Range for Coin Grasping

arXiv:2608.07887v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Robotic grasping of thin, flat objects such as coins on hard surfaces remains challenging because conventional methods require reorienting the object, a

researcharxiv-cs-ro

A Multi-Scale Temporal Framework with Dynamic Fusion for EEG-Based Emotion Recognition

arXiv:2608.09088v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mixed emotions represent a clinically relevant but still underexplored target for automatic emotion recognition. EEG provides millisecond-level access t

A New Approach to Characterising Optimisation Problems Using Programmatic Representation and Complexity Measures

arXiv:2608.08898v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Characterising optimisation problem instances is a fundamental part of understanding the behaviour and performance of different algorithms as well as

A Probabilistic Circuit-Induced Pseudo-Metric for Out-of-Distribution Detection

arXiv:2608.09117v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Probabilistic Circuits (PCs) are tractable generative models whose internal nodes encode a hierarchy of probabilistic sum- maries over different variabl

A QUBO-Inspired Computational Framework for Airport Landside Bottleneck Diagnosis and Dynamic Dispatch Optimization

arXiv:2608.08632v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Airport landside traffic centers connect terminal arrivals with taxis, ride-hailing vehicles, private cars, buses, metro services, parking facilities, a

A Reconfigurable Tracked Robot for Enhanced Obstacle Traversal Through Movable Articulation Point and Internal Mass Relocation

arXiv:2608.07624v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tracked robots are widely used in unstructured environments; however, their obstacle traversal capability is fundamentally limited by a tradeoff between

researcharxiv-cs-ro