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Reasoning Theater: Disentangling Model Beliefs from Chain-of-Thought

arXiv:2603.05488v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We provide evidence of performative chain-of-thought (CoT) in reasoning models, where a model becomes strongly confident in its final answer,

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Human DGX agent

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Reasoning While Asking: Transforming Reasoning Large Language Models from Passive Solvers to Proactive Inquirers

DGX agent

arXiv:2601.22139v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reasoning-oriented Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress with Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting, yet they remain funda

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

29 May 2026

Local Ai

Reasoning with Sampling: Cutting at Decision Points

arXiv:2605.30327v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Frontier reasoning models are produced by posttraining base language models with reinforcement learning. Recent work has challenged this by showing th

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

ReasonLight: A Multimodal Foundation Model-Enhanced Reinforcement Learning Framework for Zero-Shot Traffic Signal Control

arXiv:2605.29425v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown promise in traffic signal control (TSC). However, its reliance on predefined states limits responsiveness to obser

ReasonOps: Operator Segmentation for LLM Reasoning Traces

arXiv:2605.29192v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chain-of-thought traces from large reasoning models can span tens of thousands of tokens, yet we lack a vocabulary for describing their internal structu

Recovering Diversity Without Losing Alignment: A DPO Recipe for Post-Trained LLMs

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.30021v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Many open-ended instructions have multiple valid answers that users can benefit from seeing, but post-training often narrows an LLM's output space towar

Recovering Policy-Induced Errors: Benchmarking and Trajectory Synthesis for Robust GUI Agents

arXiv:2605.29447v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While GUI agents have advanced rapidly, they often lack the robustness to recover from their own errors, hindering real-world deployment. To bridge th

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Tutorials

Rectified LpJEPA: Joint-Embedding Predictive Architectures with Sparse and Maximum-Entropy Representations

arXiv:2602.01456v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Joint-Embedding Predictive Architectures (JEPA) learn view-invariant representations and admit projection-based distribution matching for coll

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Recurrent Structural Policy Gradient for Partially Observable Mean Field Games

arXiv:2602.20141v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Mean Field Games (MFGs) provide a principled framework for modelling interactions in large population systems. However, algorithmic progress has bee

Reducing Experimental Testing in Space Propulsion Film Cooling Analyses by Pixelwise Generative Image Interpolation

arXiv:2605.29911v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose a machine learning approach for image regression from sparse experimental measurements. We show the application of the proposed method on f

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Redundant or Necessary? A Benchmark for Detecting Redundant Steps in Agent Trajectories

arXiv:2605.29893v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-based agents have demonstrated strong capabilities in solving complex tasks through multi-step reasoning and tool use. However, existing evaluation

Reinforcement Learning with Robust Rubric Rewards

arXiv:2605.30244v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) is effective for deterministically checkable tasks, many vision-language tasks are partial

Reinforcing Few-step Generators via Reward-Tilted Distribution Matching

arXiv:2605.26108v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advances in few-step diffusion distillation have enabled efficient image generation, yet aligning these models with human preferences remains

Rel-MOSS: Towards Imbalanced Relational Deep Learning on Relational Databases

arXiv:2603.07916v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In recent advances, to enable a fully data-driven learning paradigm on relational databases (RDB), relational deep learning (RDL) is proposed to str

Relational Rank Geometry in Transformers: Detecting and Steering Hidden-State Relation Frames

arXiv:2605.29634v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transformer hidden states are often interpreted through local or low-order objects: neurons, sparse features, attention heads, residual-stream direction

Relevance as a Vulnerability: How Web Retrieval Degrades Safety Alignment in LLM Agents

arXiv:2605.29224v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: AI agents augment large language models with external tools such as web retrieval, enabling grounded and up-to-date responses. However, incorporating

Reliable Reasoning with Large Language Models via Preference-Based Maximum Satisfiability

arXiv:2605.29687v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at understanding natural language but struggle with optimisation tasks involving multiple constraints and user-define

Replicable Simulation-Based Robot Validation through Provenance

arXiv:2605.29973v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Robot behavior is often validated through simulation-based testing, yet the replicability of such campaigns depends critically on transparent documentat

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

REPOT: Recoverable Program-of-Thought via Checkpoint Repair

arXiv:2605.30052v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: One-shot Program-of-Thought (PoT) emits a Python program that prints a primitive-action plan; a single invalid action silently invalidates the traject

Representation Alignment Rests on Linear Structure

arXiv:2605.28870v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We investigate the Platonic Representation Hypothesis (PRH) through a tripartite statistical framework of representations: signal, bias, and noise. {1

Representation Signatures and Risk-Feedback Alignment in LLM Trading Agents

arXiv:2605.28850v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study behavioral alignment and representation dynamics of large language model (LLM) agents in financial decision environments. Using TradeArena, an

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Representation Unlearning: Forgetting through Information Compression

arXiv:2601.21564v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Machine unlearning seeks to remove the influence of specific training data from a model, a need driven by privacy regulations and robustness concern

Resolution as a Direction: Vector-Panning Feature Alignment for Cross-Resolution Re-Identification

arXiv:2510.00936v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Cross-resolution person re-identification (CR-ReID) remains challenging in practical surveillance, where camera quality and capture distance lead to

Resolution Diagnostics for Paired LLM Evaluation

arXiv:2605.30315v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Across two public LLM leaderboards, many displayed pairwise rankings do not meet a conventional paired-test resolution target under the actual paired ev

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Resolving Endpoint Underfitting in Diffusion Bridges via Noise Alignment

arXiv:2605.28962v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion bridge models offer a powerful framework for connecting two data distributions, such as in image restoration and translation. Many existing me

REST3D: Reconstructing Physically Stable 3D Scenes from a Single Image

arXiv:2605.30338v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reconstructing physically stable 3D scenes from a single RGB image enables casual images to be converted into simulation-ready digital assets for applic

Rethinking FID Through the Geometry of the Reference Dataset

arXiv:2605.29335v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Frechet Inception Distance (FID) is widely used to evaluate image generators, yet lower FID does not always correspond to better sample quality. We sh

Rethinking Literature Search Evaluation: Deep Research Helps, and Human Citation Lists Are Not a Ground Truth

arXiv:2605.29234v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study large-scale literature search from two complementary angles: improving the retrieval pipeline, and stress-testing the human reference list as a

Rethinking Post-Training Recipes for Multimodal Time-Series Forecasting

arXiv:2605.29401v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Time-Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) excel at zero-shot unimodal forecasting using numerical data, but unlike LLMs they cannot consume multimodal, non-

Rethinking Stepwise Model Routing: A Cost-Efficient Table Reasoning Perspective

arXiv:2605.29319v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve strong performance on table reasoning tasks but incur substantial inference cost due to long reasoning traces. Ste

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Return-to-Go Is More Than a Number: Q-Guided Alignment for Return-Conditioned Supervised Learning

arXiv:2605.29028v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Conditioned Sequence Models (CSMs) learn policies by treating return-to-go (RTG) as a control signal. However, existing CSMs often treat the RTGs as s

Review Arcade: On the Human Alignment and Gameability of LLM Reviews

arXiv:2605.28897v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-generated reviews for scientific papers are gaining considerable traction and are even being officially piloted by major conferences. We have to ass

Agents

Revisiting Observation Reduction for Web Agents: Comprehensive Evaluation with a Lightweight Framework

arXiv:2605.29397v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: HTML observations in LLM-based web agents are extremely long, and while many reduction methods have been proposed, it remains unclear which methods redu

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Agents

RewardFlow: Topology-Aware Reward Propagation on State Graphs for Agentic RL with Large Language Models

arXiv:2603.18859v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) shows promise for enhancing LLM agentic reasoning, yet sparse terminal rewards hinder fine-grained optimization. Process

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

RHO: Robust Holistic OSM-Based Metric Cross-View Geo-Localization

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2603.27758v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Metric Cross-View Geo-Localization (MCVGL) aims to estimate the 3-DoF camera pose (position and heading) by matching ground and satellite images. In

Ridge Regression from Poisson Resetting: A Renewal Perspective on Spectral Regularization

arXiv:2605.30059v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We connect stochastic resetting from non-equilibrium statistical physics with ridge regularization in statistical learning. For linear gradient flow, re

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Riemannian AmbientFlow: Towards Simultaneous Manifold Learning and Generative Modeling from Corrupted Data

arXiv:2601.18728v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Modern generative modeling methods have demonstrated strong performance in learning complex data distributions from clean samples. In many scientifi

researcharxiv-cs-lg

RightNow-Arabic-0.5B-Turbo: An Open Sub-1B Arabic Language Model via Vocabulary Injection and Edge-First Deployment

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.28827v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Open Arabic large language models split into two classes: sub-1B multilingual models that treat Arabic as an afterthought (Qwen2.5-0.5B, Falcon-H1-0.5B)

Risk-averse Fair Multi-class Classification

arXiv:2509.05771v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We develop a new classification framework based on the theory of coherent risk measures and systemic risk. The proposed approach is suitable f

RL2ML: Finite-Rollout Surrogate Objectives from Reinforcement Learning to Maximum Likelihood

arXiv:2605.30154v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Correctness-based Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) trains language models from binary feedback on sampled outputs, but the objectiv

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

RoboWits: Unexpected Challenges for Robotic Creative Problem Solving

arXiv:2605.30326v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The ability to reason, adapt, and creatively solve problems under unexpected challenges is essential for robots operating in real-world environments.

Robust and Efficient Guardrails with Latent Reasoning

arXiv:2605.29068v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Maintaining the safety of large language models (LLMs) is crucial as they are increasingly deployed in real-world applications. Existing safety guardrai

Applications

Robust and Efficient Writer-Independent IMU-Based Handwriting Recognition

arXiv:2502.20954v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Handwriting recognition (HWR) using inertial measurement unit (IMU) data remains challenging due to variations in writing styles and the limited ava

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Robust and Generalizable Safety Steering for Text-to-Image Diffusion Transformers

arXiv:2605.30049v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion Transformers have become a powerful backbone for text-to-image generation, but their layered and cross-modal generation process makes safety c

Tutorials

Robust Cross-Domain Generalization Using Unlabeled Target Data with Source-Domain Supervision

arXiv:2605.29122v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: It is often desirable to generalize medical imaging AI models trained with dense annotations to data acquired from different ultrasound scanners or clin

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Robust Frequency-Calibrated Virtual EEG Channel Generation from Four Frontal Electrodes for Wearable EEG Augmentation

arXiv:2605.29263v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Low-channel wearable electroencephalography (EEG) is attractive for long-term monitoring, but four frontal electrodes provide only a sparse and spatiall

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Rooted Absorbed Prefix Trajectory Balance with Submodular Replay for GFlowNet Training

arXiv:2603.00454v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets) enable fine-tuning large language models to approximate reward-proportional posteriors, but they remain p

Tutorials

Routing by Reaching: Composition of Pre-trained GFlowNets for Multi-Objective Generation

arXiv:2602.21565v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets) learn to sample diverse candidates in proportion to a reward function, making them well-suited for scientific d

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg