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arXiv:2605.27955v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Markdown skill libraries for LLM agents ship as free-form prose, forcing the agent to re-derive both the input schema and the concrete invocation synt

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

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Skill-Conditioned Gated Self-Distillation for LLM Reasoning

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.28791v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: On-policy self-distillation (SD) improves LLM reasoning by using teacher-side privileged information (PI) to turn sparse verifier outcomes into dense

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

28 May 2026

Agents

Skill0.5: Joint Skill Internalization and Utilization for Out-of-Distribution Generalization in Agentic Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2605.28424v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Equipping large language models with explicit skills has emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling autonomous agents to solve complex tasks. Agent sk

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

SKILLC: Learning Autonomous Skill Internalization in LLM Agents via Contrastive Credit Assignment

arXiv:2605.27899v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Structured skill prompts improve exploration in long-horizon agentic reinforcement learning (RL). Skill-augmented RL methods retain external skills at i

Skillful high-resolution weather forecasting independent of physical models

arXiv:2605.28153v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accurate and timely weather forecasts are critical for high-impact decisions in modern society. Machine-learning-based weather prediction is emerging

SkillGrad: Optimizing Agent Skills Like Gradient Descent

arXiv:2605.27760v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agent skills provide a lightweight way to adapt LLM agents to specialized domains by storing reusable procedural knowledge in structured files. However,

Smaller, Younger, and More Impactful: How AI-Assisted Writing Transforms Research Teams

arXiv:2605.27404v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The era of Big Science has long been defined by increasingly large and specialized research teams pushing the frontiers of knowledge. However, recent

SmartDirector: Keyframe-Conditioned Cinematic Video Generation with Narrative Pacing Control

arXiv:2605.27891v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The narrative quality of a video fundamentally determines its perceptual value. Although existing video generation methods can produce visually appeal

SmartIterator: Visual Analytics Workflows for Supervising Unsupervised Data Grouping

arXiv:2605.28219v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Unsupervised learning methods -- topic modeling, partition-based and density-based clustering -- produce data groupings without human guidance, yet ch

Applications

SMILE-Next: Teaching Large Language Models to Detect, Classify, and Reason about Laughter

arXiv:2605.28084v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Laughter is a complex social signal that conveys communicative intent beyond amusement. While prior work has focused on isolated laughter analysis tas

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Smoothed Score Queries and the Complexity of Sampling

arXiv:2605.27769v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study the query complexity of sampling from high-dimensional Gaussian distributions using gradient information. In the standard oracle model, exact

SNARE: Adaptive Scenario Synthesis for Eliciting Overeager Behavior in Coding Agents

arXiv:2605.28122v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A coding agent executes a benign task as a sequence of shell, file, and network actions, any of which can quietly exceed the authorized scope while th

Snippet-Driven Supply Chain Discovery with LLMs: Scaling Visibility in China

arXiv:2605.27845v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Financial and economic research often relies on structured supply-chain disclosures and commercial databases. In China, supplier--customer disclosure

Snowveil: A Framework for Decentralised Preference Discovery

arXiv:2512.18444v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Aggregating subjective preferences in social choice traditionally assumes a trusted central authority. In contrast, this paper formalises Dece

Local Ai

Soft Specialists: alpha-Renyi Ensembles for Uncertainty-Aware LLM Post-Training

arXiv:2605.27747v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Existing training approaches for large language models learn a single set of parameters, based on large volumes of data, which is typically heterogene

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Soft-SVeRL: Self-Verified Reinforcement Learning with Soft Rewards

arXiv:2605.28561v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has improved language models in domains such as mathematics and code, where correctness can be che

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

SONIC-O1: A Real-World Benchmark for Evaluating Multimodal Large Language Models on Audio-Video Understanding

arXiv:2601.21666v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are a major focus of recent AI research. However, most prior work focuses on static image understanding, wh

Soro: A Lightweight Foundation Model and Chatbot for Tajik

arXiv:2605.27379v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present Soro, a family of Tajik-specialized conversational large language models (LLMs) designed for real-world deployment under tight compute and co

SPAR: Support-Preserving Action Rectification

arXiv:2605.27877v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Offline policy improvement faces an inherent conflict between maximizing value and fitting the data distribution. While in-sample weighted regression

SPARD: Defending Harmful Fine-Tuning Attack via Safety Projection with Relevance-Diversity Data Selection

arXiv:2605.28030v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Fine-tuning large language models often undermines their safety alignment, a problem further amplified by harmful fine-tuning attacks in which adversa

Sparse POD Mode Selection and Manifold Dimensionality Reduction with Neural Networks

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.27756v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: High-performance computing enables simulation of high-dimensional physical systems, but downstream analyses such as inverse problems and control remai

Sparse Scheduled Diffusion Guidance for Inverse Problems

arXiv:2603.07860v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Pretrained diffusion models are effective priors for Bayesian inverse problems, but posterior sampling with these priors is often costly because dat

SparseOpt: Addressing Normalization-induced Gradient Skew in Sparse Training

arXiv:2605.27541v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dynamic Sparse Training (DST) methods train neural networks by maintaining sparsity while dynamically adapting the network topology. Despite the promise

Speaking of Language: Reflections on Metalanguage Research in NLP

arXiv:2604.02645v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This work aims to shine a spotlight on the topic of metalanguage. We first define metalanguage, link it to NLP and LLMs, and then discuss our

SPRINT: Efficient Spectral Priors for Humanoid Athletic Sprints

arXiv:2605.28549v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The pursuit of humanoid athletic sprints is hindered by a scarcity of humanoid-viable kinematic reference data and the inability of existing framework

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

SSR3D-LLM: Structured Spatial Reasoning via Latent Steps for Fine-Grained Grounding in Unified 3D-LLMs

arXiv:2605.28490v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: 3D object grounding localizes referred objects in a 3D scene from natural language. Unified instance-centric 3D-LLMs aim to solve grounding together w

ST-ColoNet: Spatio-Temporal Colon Segment Recognition via Hybrid Attention and Edge-Guided Feature Learning

arXiv:2605.28119v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Colo-segment recognition in colonoscopy videos is a key requirement for many downstream tasks, but existing automatic recognition methods only use colon

researcharxiv-cs-cv

STAB: Specification-driven Testing for Algorithmic Bottlenecks

arXiv:2605.27981v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Evaluating the efficiency of algorithmic code requires test cases that expose runtime bottlenecks. Previous methods generate efficiency test cases eithe

Stabilizing distribution-free probabilistic forecasts

arXiv:2605.28531v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-step-ahead forecasts are often updated as new observations become available, since shorter forecast horizons typically improve forecast quality. H

Applications

Stage-wise Distortion-Perception Traversal in Zero-shot Inverse Problems with Diffusion Models

arXiv:2605.28711v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The distortion-perception (D-P) tradeoff is a fundamental phenomenon of Bayesian inverse problems, which characterizes the inherent tension between dist

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Stance Detection in Prediction Markets: Addressing Imbalanced Trader Commentary via Counterfactual Augmentation and Market Context

arXiv:2605.28745v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Prediction markets such as Polymarket aggregate crowd beliefs into real-time probability estimates, and the comments traders post beneath each market co

researcharxiv-cs-cl

STARS: Spike Tail-Aware Relational Synthesis for ANN-to-SNN Data-Free Knowledge Distillation

arXiv:2605.27409v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: SNNs promise energy-efficient and low-latency inference, but their performance still trails that of ANNs. ANN-to-SNN knowledge distillation helps narr

Stay Fair! Ensuring Group Fairness in Diffusion Models Across Guidance Scales

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2605.28036v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion models steer conditional generation with a tunable guidance scale to trade off prompt alignment and diversity. However, existing debiasing tec

STFlow: Data-Coupled Flow Matching for Geometric Trajectory Simulation

arXiv:2505.18647v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Simulating trajectories of dynamical systems is a fundamental problem in a wide range of fields such as molecular dynamics, biochemistry, and

Stochastic Gradient Descent with Momentum is Algorithmically Stable

arXiv:2605.28517v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Stochastic gradient descent with momentum (SGDM) is one of the most widely used optimization algorithms in machine learning. While optimization proper

Stop Rewarding Hallucinated Steps: Faithfulness-Aware Step-Level Reinforcement Learning for Small Reasoning Models

arXiv:2602.05897v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As large language models become smaller and more efficient, small reasoning models (SRMs) are crucial for enabling chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Stop Suppressing the Tail: Causal Inference for Extreme Events

arXiv:2605.27474v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Estimating how an outcome responds to a continuous treatment (the Average Dose-Response Function, or ADRF) is a core causal-inference primitive. Howev

StoryLens: Preference-Aligned Story Rewriting via Context-Aware Narrative Enrichment

arXiv:2605.28073v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Story rewriting aims to adapt existing narratives to diverse reader preferences while preserving plot consistency and narrative coherence. Unlike conv

StoryMI: Steerable Multi-Agent Therapeutic Dialogue Generation

arXiv:2605.27393v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) can generate fluent dialogue, but prior works lack situational grounding, dynamic strategy control, and evaluation aligne

STR Robot: Design of an Autonomous Mobile Robot from Simulation to Reality

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2605.28110v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: With the rapid development of simulation tools, the development and validation of autonomous robotic systems have become more efficient before real-worl

Structure-Guided Visual Perturbation Neutralization for LVLMs

arXiv:2605.27927v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Image inputs enable Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) to perceive fine-grained visual information, but also introduce a pixel-level attack surface th

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Applications

Structure of Classifier Boundaries: Case Study for a Naive Bayes Classifier

arXiv:2212.04382v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: For a Bayes classifier whose input space is a graph, we study the structure of the boundary, which comprises those points for which at least o

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Structure over Pixels: Learning Variable-Length Visual Programs

arXiv:2605.27696v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Discrete visual tokenizers translate images into ordered sequences of codes, providing a natural representation for structural description of scenes. Ye

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Structured Agent Distillation for Large Language Model

arXiv:2505.13820v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong capabilities as decision-making agents by interleaving reasoning and actions, as seen in ReAct-sty

Structured Belief State and the First Precision-Aware Benchmark for LLM Memory Retrieval

arXiv:2605.11325v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Every major benchmark for LLM memory systems, LoCoMo foremost, measures whether a model answered correctly, not whether the memory system retr

SuiChat-CN: Benchmarking Contextual Suicide Risk Assessment in Chinese Group Chats

arXiv:2605.27911v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Suicide is a critical global public health challenge, causing approximately 720,000 deaths each year and calling for timely, effective prevention strate

Super-Resolved Canopy Height Mapping from Sentinel-2 Time Series Using Airborne LiDAR HD Reference Data across Metropolitan France

arXiv:2512.11524v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Fine-scale forest monitoring is essential for understanding canopy structure and its dynamics, which are key indicators of carbon stocks, biodiversi

researcharxiv-cs-cv

SuperValid: Capability-Aligned OOD Validation for Generalizable Downstream Scaling

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.28179v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scaling laws guide large language model training by relating compute to cross-entropy loss, and recent work further extends them to predict downstream b