Search: “models”

Uncertainty-Aware Reward Discounting for Mitigating Reward Hacking

arXiv:2604.26360v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) systems typically optimize scalar reward functions that assume precise and reliable evaluation of outcomes. However, real-

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

30 Apr 2026

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Unifying Runtime Monitoring Approaches for Safety-Critical Machine Learning: Application to Vision-Based Landing

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.26411v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Runtime monitoring is essential to ensure the safety of ML applications in safety-critical domains. However, current research is fragmented, with indepe

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

30 Apr 2026

When Hidden States Drift: Can KV Caches Rescue Long-Range Speculative Decoding?

arXiv:2604.26412v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Speculative decoding accelerates LLM inference, but SOTA hidden-state-based drafters suffer from long-range decay: draft accuracy degrades as the specul

30 Apr 2026

A paradox of AI fluency

arXiv:2604.25905v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: How much does a user's skill with AI shape what AI actually delivers for them? This question is critical for users, AI product builders, and society at

A Unifying Framework for Unsupervised Concept Extraction

arXiv:2604.24936v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Techniques for concept extraction, such as sparse autoencoders and transcoders, aim to extract high-level symbolic concepts from low-level nonsymbolic r

Accuracy Improvement of Cell Image Segmentation Using Feedback Former

arXiv:2408.12974v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Semantic segmentation of microscopy cell images by deep learning is a significant technique. We considered that the Transformers, which have recentl

Automated detection of pediatric congenital heart disease from phonocardiograms using deep and handcrafted feature fusion

arXiv:2604.24767v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect, impacting about 1% of live births worldwide. Echocardiography, the gold-standa

Benchmarking PyCaret AutoML Against IndoBERT Fine-Tuning for Sentiment Analysis on Indonesian IKN Twitter Data

arXiv:2604.25392v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper benchmarks a classical machine learning approach based on PyCaret AutoML against a deep learning approach based on IndoBERT fine-tuning for b

C3G: Learning Compact 3D Representations with 2K Gaussians

arXiv:2512.04021v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reconstructing and understanding 3D scenes from unposed sparse views in a feed-forward manner remains as a challenging task in 3D computer vision. R

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

CHUCKLE -- When Humans Teach AI To Learn Emotions The Easy Way

arXiv:2510.09382v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Curriculum learning (CL) structures training from simple to complex samples, facilitating progressive learning. However, existing CL approaches for

Contrastive Image-Metadata Pre-Training for Materials Transmission Electron Microscopy

arXiv:2604.24909v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The vast majority of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) data never gets published and ends up on a backup drive until deleted to free up space. Thes

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Curriculum-guided multimodal representation learning enables generalizable prediction of nanomaterial-protein interactions

arXiv:2507.14245v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Nanomaterial-protein interactions (NPI) are pivotal to realizing the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of nanomaterials. Although AI promises to

Applications

Deflation-Free Optimal Scoring

arXiv:2604.25664v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sparse Optimal Scoring (SOS) reformulates linear discriminant analysis to enable feature selection through elastic net regularization, making it well-

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

DiscreteRTC: Discrete Diffusion Policies are Natural Asynchronous Executors

arXiv:2604.25050v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Unlike chatbots, physical AI must act while the world keeps evolving. Therefore, the inter-chunk pause of synchronous executors are fatal for dynamic ta

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Dyna-Style Safety Augmented Reinforcement Learning: Staying Safe in the Face of Uncertainty

arXiv:2604.25508v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Safety remains an open problem in reinforcement learning (RL), especially during training. While safety filters are promising to address safe exploratio

Explainable AI for Jet Tagging: A Comparative Study of GNNExplainer, GNNShap, and GradCAM for Jet Tagging in the Lund Jet Plane

arXiv:2604.25885v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Graph neural networks such as ParticleNet and transformer based networks on point clouds such as ParticleTransformer achieve state-of-the-art performa

Generative AI Carries Non-Democratic Biases and Stereotypes: Representation of Women, Black Individuals, Age Groups, and People with Disability in AI-Generated Images across Occupations

arXiv:2409.13869v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In this study, I investigate how generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems reproduce and reinforce societal biases, with a specific focu

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Improving Diversity in Black-box Few-shot Knowledge Distillation

arXiv:2604.25795v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Knowledge distillation (KD) is a well-known technique to effectively compress a large network (teacher) to a smaller network (student) with little sacri

Instantaneous Planning, Control and Safety for Navigation in Unknown Underwater Spaces

arXiv:2604.05310v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Navigating autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in unknown environments is significantly challenging due to poor visibility, weak signal transmissi

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Learning with Embedded Linear Equality Constraints via Variational Bayesian Inference

arXiv:2604.24911v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine Learning is becoming more prevalent in science and engineering, but many approaches do not provide meaningful uncertainty estimates and predicti

Logic of Fuzzy Paths

arXiv:2604.24907v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce a new family of temporal logics intended for specifications in motion planning (MP). It builds upon the signal temporal logic (STL), whic

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Multi-layer Cross-Attention is Provably Optimal for Multi-modal In-context Learning

arXiv:2602.04872v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent progress has rapidly advanced our understanding of the mechanisms underlying in-context learning in modern attention-based neural netwo

Applications

Negative Ontology of True Target for Machine Learning: Towards Evaluation and Learning under Democratic Supervision

arXiv:2604.24824v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This article philosophically examines how shifts in assumptions regarding the existence and non-existence of the true target (TT) give rise to new persp

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

NimbleReg: A light-weight deep-learning framework for diffeomorphic image registration

arXiv:2503.07768v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper presents NimbleReg, a light-weight deep-learning (DL) framework for diffeomorphic image registration leveraging surface representation of

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

No Pedestrian Left Behind: Real-Time Detection and Tracking of Vulnerable Road Users for Adaptive Traffic Signal Control

arXiv:2604.25887v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current pedestrian crossing signals operate on fixed timing without adjustment to pedestrian behavior, which can leave vulnerable road users (VRUs) such

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Optimization-Free Topological Sort for Causal Discovery via the Schur Complement of Score Jacobians

arXiv:2604.25295v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Continuous causal discovery typically couples representation learning with structural optimization via non-convex acyclicity penalties, which subjects s

Personalized Cross-Modal Emotional Correlation Learning for Speech-Preserving Facial Expression Manipulation

arXiv:2604.25255v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Speech-preserving facial expression manipulation (SPFEM) aims to enhance human expressiveness without altering mouth movements tied to the original spee

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

PhyloSDF: Phylogenetically-Conditioned Neural Generation of 3D Skull Morphology via Residual Flow Matching

arXiv:2604.25371v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generating novel, biologically plausible three-dimensional morphological structures is a fundamental challenge in computational evolutionary biology,

Policy Improvement Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2604.00860v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has become a central post-training paradigm for improving the reasoning capabilities of large

QFlash: Bridging Quantization and Memory Efficiency in Vision Transformer Attention

arXiv:2604.25306v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: FlashAttention improves efficiency through tiling, but its online softmax still relies on floating-point arithmetic for numerical stability, making full

Reference-Augmented Learning for Precise Tracking Policy of Tendon-Driven Continuum Robots

arXiv:2604.25698v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tendon-Driven Continuum Robots (TDCRs) pose significant control challenges due to their highly nonlinear, path-dependent dynamics and non-Markovian char

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Applications

Reinforcement Learning Using known Invariances

arXiv:2511.03473v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In many real-world reinforcement learning (RL) problems, the environment exhibits inherent symmetries that can be exploited to improve learning effi

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

ShapeY: A Principled Framework for Measuring Shape Recognition Capacity via Nearest-Neighbor Matching

arXiv:2604.25065v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Object recognition (OR) in humans relies heavily on shape cues and the ability to recognize objects across varying 3D viewpoints. Unlike humans, deep ne

Agents

SODA-CitrON: Static Object Data Association by Clustering Multi-Modal Sensor Detections Online

arXiv:2602.22243v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The online fusion and tracking of static objects from heterogeneous sensor detections is a fundamental problem in robotics, autonomous systems, and

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

The Rashomon Effect for Visualizing High-Dimensional Data

arXiv:2604.00485v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Dimension reduction (DR) is inherently non-unique: multiple embeddings can preserve the structure of high-dimensional data equally well while differ

Towards Seamless Lunar Mosaics: Deep Radiometric Normalization for Cross-Sensor Orbital Imagery Using Chandrayaan-2 TMC Data

arXiv:2604.25208v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Radiometric inconsistencies remain a major challenge in generating seamless lunar mosaics from multi-mission orbital imagery due to variability in illum

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Transformer Approximations from ReLUs

arXiv:2604.24878v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We provide a systematic recipe for translating ReLU approximation results to softmax attention mechanism. This recipe covers many common approximation t

Unrequited Emotions: Investigating the Gaps in Motivation and Practice in Speech Emotion Recognition Research

arXiv:2604.25776v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Critical analyses of emotion recognition technology have raised ethical concerns around task validity and potential downstream impacts, urging researche

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Variational approach to nonholonomic and inequality-constrained mechanics

arXiv:2409.11063v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Variational principles play a central role in classical mechanics, providing compact formulations of dynamics and direct access to conserved q

researcharxiv-cs-ro

VISION-SLS: Safe Perception-Based Control from Learned Visual Representations via System Level Synthesis

arXiv:2604.24894v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose VISION-SLS, a method for nonlinear output-feedback control from high-resolution RGB images which provides robust constraint satisfaction gu

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Wiki Dumps to Training Corpora: South Slavic Case

arXiv:2604.25384v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper presents a methodology for transforming raw Wikimedia dumps into quality textual corpora for seven South Slavic languages. The work is divide

Local Ai

A Dynamic Learning Observatory Reveals the Rapid Salinization of Satkhira, Bangladesh

arXiv:2604.23127v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Soil salinity is a major environmental challenge in coastal Bangladesh, threatening agricultural productivity and local livelihoods. This study develo

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

A Large-Scale, Cross-Disciplinary Corpus of Systematic Reviews

arXiv:2604.22864v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Existing benchmarks for systematic reviewing remain limited either in scale or in disciplinary coverage, with some collections comprising only a modes

A Layer Separation Optimization Framework for Cross-Entropy Training in Deep Learning

arXiv:2604.23225v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper investigates the deep learning optimization problem with softmax cross-entropy loss. We propose a layer separation strategy to alleviate the

A Reward-Free Viewpoint on Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2604.24532v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Many sequential decision-making tasks involve optimizing multiple conflicting objectives, requiring policies that adapt to different user preferences. I

Accelerating Eigenvalue Dataset Generation via Chebyshev Subspace Filter

arXiv:2510.23215v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Eigenvalue problems are among the most important topics in many scientific disciplines. With the recent surge and development of machine learn

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Advancing Ligand-based Virtual Screening and Molecular Generation with Pretrained Molecular Embedding Distance

arXiv:2604.24474v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Molecular similarity plays a central role in ligand-based drug discovery, such as virtual screening, analog searching, and goal-directed molecular gener

Agents

AgentEval: DAG-Structured Step-Level Evaluation for Agentic Workflows with Error Propagation Tracking

arXiv:2604.23581v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agentic systems that chain reasoning, tool use, and synthesis into multi-step workflows are entering production, yet prevailing evaluation practices l

agentsarxiv-cs-cl