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PersianMedQA: Evaluating Large Language Models on a Persian-English Bilingual Medical Question Answering Benchmark

arXiv:2506.00250v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on a wide range of Natural Language Processing (NLP) benchmarks, often surpassing

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Persistent AI Agents in Academic Research: A Single-Investigator Implementation Case Study

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.26870v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Background: Large language models are typically evaluated as models, benchmarks, or short conversational episodes. Less is known about what happens wh

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

27 May 2026

PersLitEval: Fine-grained Benchmark and Evaluation of LLMs on Persian Literature Questions

arXiv:2605.27015v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite impressive multilingual capabilities, large language models (LLMs) remain poorly evaluated on literary knowledge in non-English languages. We in

Persona Generators: Generating Diverse Synthetic Personas for Arbitrary Contexts

arXiv:2602.03545v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Evaluating AI systems that interact with humans requires understanding their behavior across diverse user populations, but collecting representative

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Persona2Web: Benchmarking Personalized Web Agents for Contextual Reasoning with User History

arXiv:2602.17003v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models have advanced web agents, yet current agents lack personalization capabilities. Since users rarely specify every detail

Personalized Generative Models for Contextual Debiasing

arXiv:2605.26353v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Different visual patterns appear with different frequencies in the world: e.g., beach balls appear on sand more often than they do on a road. These st

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Personalizing Embodied Multimodal Large Language Model Agents over Long-term User Interactions

arXiv:2605.26256v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal large language model (MLLM)-based embodied agents have shown strong potential for solving complex tasks in physical environments. However, pe

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Applications

Phase-Type Variational Autoencoders for Heavy-Tailed Data

arXiv:2603.01800v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Heavy-tailed distributions are ubiquitous in real-world data, where rare but extreme events dominate risk and variability. However, standard V

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Local Ai

PhyGHT: Physics-Guided HyperGraph Transformer for Signal Purification at the HL-LHC

arXiv:2602.20475v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) at CERN will produce unprecedented datasets capable of revealing fundamental properties of

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Applications

PhyPush: One Push is All You Need for Sensorless Physical Property Estimation with Physics-Guided Transformers

arXiv:2605.26284v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurately estimating object mass and friction is fundamental to achieving reliable and adaptive robotic manipulation. Although interactive perception p

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

'PhyWorldBench': A Comprehensive Evaluation of Physical Realism in Text-to-Video Models

arXiv:2507.13428v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Video generation models have achieved remarkable progress in creating high-quality, photorealistic content. However, their ability to accurate

PICACO: Pluralistic In-Context Value Alignment of LLMs via Total Correlation Optimization

arXiv:2507.16679v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In-Context Learning has shown great potential for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human values, helping reduce harmful outputs and

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

PIDM-DP: Physics-Informed Diffusion with Dormand-Prince Integration for Chaotic System Identification and State Reconstruction across Multiple Dynamical Regimes

arXiv:2605.26619v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reconstructing continuous state trajectories of chaotic dynamical systems from sparse, noisy observations remains a fundamental open problem in nonlinea

PILOT: A Data-Free Continual Learning Approach for Real-Time Semantic Segmentation via Boundary Guidance

arXiv:2605.27128v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-time semantic segmentation models offer an excellent balance between accuracy and inference speed. However, deploying these models in dynamic real

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

PilotTTS: A Disciplined Modular Recipe for Competitive Speech Synthesis

arXiv:2605.27258v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Building state-of-the-art text-to-speech (TTS) systems typically demands millions of hours of proprietary data and complex multi-stage architectures,

PinPoint: Prompting with Informative Interior Points

arXiv:2605.26689v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern referring image segmentation pipelines couple a vision-language model (VLM) for grounding with a promptable segmenter such as the Segment Anyth

PitchBench: Measuring Pitch Hearing in Audio-Language Models

arXiv:2605.26176v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Audio-language models (ALMs) are increasingly used in real-world applications that require understanding music, from music tutoring and transcription

PLAID: A Unified Data Model for Machine Learning on Heterogeneous Physics Simulations

arXiv:2505.02974v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Machine learning-based surrogate models have emerged as a powerful tool to accelerate simulation-driven scientific workflows, but their adoption is

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Local Ai

Plan Then Action:High-Level Planning Guidance Reinforcement Learning for LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2510.01833v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong reasoning abilities via Chain-of-Thought (CoT), but their token-level generation encourages local de

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Planning Neural Dynamics with Lie Group Embedding through Supervised Projective Manifold Learning

arXiv:2605.26167v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose Lie group embedded dynamical neural networks (LieEDNN) and the corresponding learning algorithms based on gradient descent and metric proje

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Plans for Evaluating Structured Generative Search Summaries

arXiv:2605.26400v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose a framework for evaluating structured generative search summaries that are placed atop organic web search results. A structured summary, ge

researcharxiv-cs-ai

PlayClass: Automated Play Behaviour Classification in Poultry

arXiv:2605.27304v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automated monitoring of animal welfare has largely targeted negative indicators, leaving positive welfare behaviours such as play underexplored. To addr

researcharxiv-cs-cv

PolyFusionAgent: A Multimodal Foundation Model and Autonomous AI Assistant for Polymer Property Prediction and Inverse Design

arXiv:2605.26543v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Polymer discovery is central to fields ranging from energy storage to biomedicine, but it is hindered by an astronomically large chemical design space a

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Pop-Up Distractions Reveal Bag-of-Events Behavior in Video Large Language Models

arXiv:2605.27101v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A key capability for video understanding is reliably linking subjects to events across time, yet whether Video Large Language Models (VideoLLMs) actua

Position: AI Safety Requires Effective Controllability

arXiv:2605.27117v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI safety is still largely framed as alignment: training models to follow human preferences, safety policies, and normative constraints. That framing ha

Position: Machine Learning for Heart Transplant Allocation Policy Optimization Should Account for Incentives

arXiv:2602.04990v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The allocation of scarce donor organs constitutes one of the most consequential algorithmic challenges in healthcare. While the field is rapidly tra

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Practical Anonymous Two-Party Gradient Boosting Decision Tree

arXiv:2605.26903v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Structured data is well handled by gradient-boosted decision trees (GBDT), which are usually trained on vertically partitioned features across mutuall

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

PRBench: A Standardized Probabilistic Robustness Benchmark

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2511.01724v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Deep learning models are notoriously vulnerable to imperceptible perturbations. Most existing research centers on adversarial robustness (AR), which

Pretrained Approximators for Low-Thrust Trajectory Cost and Reachability

arXiv:2605.26790v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Low-thrust trajectory design relies heavily on repeated evaluations of fuel consumption and transfer feasibility, which require expensive optimal contro

Pretraining Data Exposure in Large Language Models: A Survey of Membership Inference, Data Contamination, and Security Implications

arXiv:2605.26133v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have become the predominant paradigm in NLP, advancing both research and industry. As model sizes and pretraining data gr

researcharxiv-cs-ai

PRISM: A Multi-Dimensional Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Peer Reviewers

arXiv:2605.26730v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid growth in submissions to machine learning venues has strained the scientific peer-review system and intensified interest in LLM-based automate

PRISM: Position-encoded Regressive Inverse Spectral Model for Multilayer Thin-Film Design

arXiv:2605.26502v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The inverse problem of multilayer thin-film optical coatings design represents a complex combinatorial-continuous optimization challenge. We present PRI

Probabilistic Recurrent Intention Switching Model

arXiv:2605.26998v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) recovers reward functions from observed behavior, yet traditional methods assume a single stationary reward that ca

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Probabilistic Smoothing with Ratio-Monotone Transforms for Global Optimization

arXiv:2605.27316v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Probabilistic smoothing is a standard tool for global optimization, but existing methods rely on Gaussian kernels and specific transforms, often resulti

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Probing Cultural Awareness in LLMs: A Case Study of Cross-Culture Aesthetic Stylistics

arXiv:2605.27296v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in diverse cultural contexts, yet their ability to master aesthetic stylistics, i.e., the strateg

Probing Minimalist Phase Structure in LLMs: What Universal Dependencies Cannot Represent

arXiv:2605.26431v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Structural probes train on Universal Dependencies (UD), which does not encode formal-syntactic abstractions such as phase boundaries or phase-internal c

Probing the Knowledge Boundary: An Interactive Agentic Framework for Deep Knowledge Extraction

arXiv:2602.00959v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) can be seen as compressed knowledge bases, but it remains unclear what knowledge they truly contain and how far t

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Prompt Injection Detection is Regime-Dependent: A Deployment-Aware Evaluation with Interpretable Structural Signals

arXiv:2605.26999v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Prompt injection poses a critical threat to the safe deployment of large language models, yet existing detection approaches are typically evaluated unde

Proper Calibeating

arXiv:2605.26703v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The classic concept of 'calibrated forecasts' and its more recent refinement, 'calibeating,' are defined with respect to the standard quadratic scorin

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Prospective evaluation of multimodal respiratory failure prediction: Do chest X-rays improve performance beyond EHR signals?

arXiv:2605.26255v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Early prediction of respiratory failure is critical for timely clinical intervention in intensive care units. Existing electronic health record (EHR)-

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Local Ai

Prototyping an End-to-End Multi-Modal Tiny-CNN for Cardiovascular Sensor Patches

arXiv:2510.18668v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The vast majority of cardiovascular diseases may be preventable if early signs and risk factors are detected. Cardiovascular monitoring with b

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Provably Communication-Efficient and Privacy-Preserving Federated Graph Neural Networks

arXiv:2605.26243v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph neural networks (GNNs) achieve strong performance on relational data, but real-world graphs are often distributed across organizations that cannot

Provably Safe Motion Planning Under Unknown Disturbances

arXiv:2605.26625v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present a provably safe sampling-based motion planning algorithm for robotic systems affected by random disturbances of unknown distribution. We cons

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Psychological Constructs in Shared Semantic Space

arXiv:2605.26801v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Psychological constructs are often measured in separate instruments, datasets, and research traditions, which makes direct comparison difficult. This pa

Pusa V1.0: Unlocking Temporal Control in Pretrained Video Diffusion Models via Vectorized Timestep Adaptation

arXiv:2507.16116v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The rapid advancement of video diffusion models has been hindered by fundamental limitations in temporal modeling, particularly the rigid synchroniz

researcharxiv-cs-cv

PyCAT4: A Hierarchical Vision Transformer-based Framework for 3D Human Pose Estimation

arXiv:2508.02806v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recently, a significant improvement in the accuracy of 3D human pose estimation has been achieved by combining convolutional neural networks (CNNs)

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Q-GeoMem: Question-Guided Geometric Memory for Video Spatial Reasoning

arXiv:2605.27318v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Video spatial reasoning requires accumulating viewpoint-dependent evidence over time while retaining information useful to the question being asked. Exi

researcharxiv-cs-cv

QAM-W: Joint 2D Codebook Quantization for LLM Weights via Hadamard Rotation and Activation-Aware Scaling

arXiv:2605.26339v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Scalar post-training quantizers discard pairwise coordinate structure within weight rows. We introduce QAM-W (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation for Weig