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arXiv:2603.15500v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: LLMs often exhibit Aha moments such as self-correction after tokens like 'Wait,' yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Standard LLMs collaps

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Research

Understanding the Challenges in Iterative Generative Optimization with LLMs

DGX agent

arXiv:2603.23994v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Generative optimization uses large language models (LLMs) to iteratively improve artifacts (such as code, workflows or prompts) using executio

researcharxiv-cs-ai

27 May 2026

Underwater360: Reconstructing Underwater Scenes from Panoramic Images with Omnidirectional Gaussian Splatting

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2605.26447v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Underwater scene reconstruction is essential for immersive exploration of aquatic environments, yet remains challenging due to complex participating-med

Uniboost: Global Coordination with Value Alignment for Fair and Efficient Traffic Allocation

arXiv:2605.26424v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: With the rapid evolution of internet services, recommendation systems have become indispensable. In particular, the blending (re-ranking) stage plays

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Unified Neural Scaling Laws

arXiv:2605.26248v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present a functional form (that we refer to as a Unified Neural Scaling Law (UNSL)) that accurately models and extrapolates the scaling behaviors o

Unified Panoramic Geometry Estimation via Multi-View Foundation Models

arXiv:2605.26368v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Geometry estimation from perspective images has greatly advanced, maturing to the point where off-the-shelf foundation models are able to reconstruct

Unique Lives, Shared World: Learning from Single-Life Videos

arXiv:2512.04085v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce the 'single-life' learning paradigm, where we train a distinct vision model exclusively on egocentric videos captured by one individual

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

UnityMAS-O: A General RL Optimization Framework for LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems

arXiv:2605.26646v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-based multi-agent systems decompose complex tasks into interacting roles, but most remain manually orchestrated by prompts, tools, and control rules

Unsupervised Deep Image Prior for Sparse-View and Limited-Angle Electron Tomography

arXiv:2605.27139v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Electron tomography (ET) plays an important role in the three-dimensional (3D) characterization of nanomaterials. However, under limited-angle and spa

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Unveiling the Fragility of Vision-Language Models: Multi-Modal Adversarial Synergy via Texture-Constrained Perturbations and Cross-Modal Optimization

arXiv:2605.26501v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have transformed multi-modal understanding, excelling in tasks like image captioning and visual question answerin

UPOCR: Towards Unified Pixel-Level OCR Interface

arXiv:2312.02694v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Existing optical character recognition (OCR) methods rely on task-specific designs with divergent paradigms, architectures, and training strategies,

researcharxiv-cs-cv

V2V3D: View-to-View Denoised 3D Reconstruction for Light-Field Microscopy

arXiv:2504.07853v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Light field microscopy (LFM) has gained significant attention due to its ability to capture snapshot-based, large-scale 3D fluorescence images. Howe

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Variational Inference for Evidential Deep Learning

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.26477v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) achieve remarkable performance, their tendency to produce overconfident predictions. Evidential Deep Learning (EDL) mi

Vector Fields for Path Following on Lie Groups with Application in Robot Control

arXiv:2602.21450v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Many robotic systems allow independent control of position and orientation (pose), including omnidirectional aerial vehicles, underwater robots, and

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Vectors Are Not Neutral: Sensitive-Information Inference from Exported LLM Representations in Summarization

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.26433v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) summarization systems may pass compact vector representations of private inputs to downstream retrieval, monitoring, audit, o

VERA-V: Variational Inference Framework for Jailbreaking Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2510.17759v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) extend large language models with visual reasoning, but their multimodal design also introduces new, underexplor

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Verilog-Evolve: Feedback-Driven and Skill-Evolving Verilog Generation

arXiv:2605.26498v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have improved Verilog generation from natural-language specifications, but most pipelines still treat generation as isolate

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Verus-SpecGym: An Agentic Environment for Evaluating Specification Autoformalization

arXiv:2605.26457v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: AI coding agents are increasingly used to write real-world software, but ensuring that their outputs are correct remains a fundamental challenge. Form

Applications

VesselSim: learning 3D blood vessel segmentation without expert annotations

arXiv:2605.26277v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Blood vessel segmentation is a core task in medical image analysis for the care of vascular diseases and surgical planning, yet the challenges of prov

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

VISTA: An End-to-End Benchmark for Visual Spec-to-Web-App Coding Agents

arXiv:2605.26144v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present VISTA (VIsual Spec-To-App Benchmark), a benchmark for evaluating the end-to-end web-app generation capabilities of LLM-based agents. Unlike

VisualNeedle: Benchmarking Active Visual Search in Information-Dense Scenes

arXiv:2605.26380v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Frontier multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have been reported to achieve over 90% accuracy on fine-grained perception benchmarks. However, such

VitaBench 2.0: Evaluating Personalized and Proactive Agents in Long-Term User Interactions

arXiv:2605.27141v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have evolved into interactive agents that collaborate with users in real-world tasks. Effective collaboration in such setti

Vital Trace: Protocol-Constrained Patient-State Reasoning for Longitudinal Clinical Trajectories

arXiv:2602.12833v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Longitudinal clinical reasoning over electronic health records requires tracking evolving physiological measurements, laboratory results, and

VR-DAgger: Immersive VR for Dexterous Data Collection and Uncertainty-Guided On-Policy Correction

arXiv:2605.27114v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning from demonstrations is effective for robotic manipulation, but collecting sufficient task-specific data remains a major bottleneck. Under distr

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

What Demands Attention in Urban Street Scenes? From Scene Understanding towards Road Safety: A Survey of Vision-driven Datasets and Studies

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2507.06513v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Advances in vision-based sensors and computer vision algorithms have significantly improved the analysis and understanding of traffic scenarios. To

What Makes Chain-of-Thought Work at Probe Time? Local Co-occurrence Rather Than Global Derivation

arXiv:2605.26795v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting reliably improves language-model accuracy, but which properties of a rationale text drive the improvement is poorly und

What Molecular Structure Cannot Tell Us: A Taxonomy of Explainability Gaps in GNN-Based Drug Toxicity Prediction

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.26183v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a structurally natural approach for molecular toxicity prediction, operating directly on atomic connectiv

When Correct Demonstrations Hurt: Rethinking the Role of Exemplars in In-Context Learning

arXiv:2605.26350v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In-context learning (ICL) is often motivated by the intuition that demonstrations help because they provide correct input-output examples. However, we

When Does Adaptive Guidance Help? Belief-Aware Privileged Distillation for Autonomous Driving Under Partial Observability

arXiv:2605.26155v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Guided Soft Actor-Critic (GSAC) distills knowledge from a privileged full-state teacher to a partial-observation student for autonomous driving, but u

When Does Deep RL Beat Calibrated Baselines? A Benchmark Study on Adaptive Resource Control

arXiv:2605.26418v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A properly calibrated rule-based autoscaler can beat every one of six mainstream deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms on cost across every wor

When Does Demographic Information Help? Data and Modeling Regimes for Perspective-Aware Hate Speech Detection

arXiv:2605.27313v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Demographic information is often used to model annotator perspectives in subjective tasks such as hate speech detection, but its benefit is inconsistent

researcharxiv-cs-cl

When Does LeJEPA Learn a World Model?

arXiv:2605.26379v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A representation that scrambles the true degrees of freedom of the world cannot support reliable planning or compositional generalization. We prove th

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

When Eyes Betray AI: Social Gaze Consistency as a Semantic Cue for AI-Generated Image Detection

arXiv:2605.27348v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent generative models have largely closed the gap on low-level artifacts - pixel fingerprints, frequency anomalies, upsampling traces - particularl

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

When LLMs Benchmark Themselves: Deconstructing Self-Bias in Automated Evaluation

arXiv:2509.26600v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As LLMs rapidly saturate existing benchmarks, automated benchmark creation using LLMs (LLM-as-a-benchmark) -- where a model generates test inp

When Muon Optimizer Meets Adversarial Training: A Theoretical and Empirical Study

arXiv:2605.26929v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Adversarial training (AT) remains one of the most reliable empirical defenses against adversarial attacks. Its robustness critically depends on how the

researcharxiv-cs-lg

When Rule Violations Are Rare: Chimera Training for Logical Anomaly Detection

arXiv:2605.26171v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Many practical anomalies are not merely rare inputs, but violations of semantic constraints: objects co-occur in structured ways, actions imply precondi

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Applications

Where Code Meets Natural Language: Taxonomy-Driven Information Flow Analysis for LLM-Integrated Applications

arXiv:2603.28345v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: LLM API calls are becoming a ubiquitous program construct, yet they create a boundary that no existing program analysis can cross: runtime val

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Where Detectors Fail: Probing Generative Space for Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detection

arXiv:2605.24906v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Detecting AI-generated images (AIGI) remains challenging because detectors often fail to generalize to unseen generators. Although existing methods

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Which Changes Matter? Towards Trustworthy Legal AI via Relevance-Sensitive Evaluation and Solver-Grounded Reasoning

arXiv:2605.26530v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Legal reasoning requires distinguishing changes that matter from those that do not. Legal AI should remain stable under legally irrelevant perturbations

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Why LLMs Hallucinate on Structured Knowledge: A Mechanistic Analysis of Reasoning over Linearized Representations

arXiv:2605.26362v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In many reasoning tasks, large language models (LLMs) rely on structured external knowledge, such as graphs and tables, which is typically linearized

Why Prompt Optimization Works, and Why It Sometimes Doesn't: A Causal-Inspired Edit-Level Analysis

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.26655v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automated prompt optimization methods (e.g., DSpy, TextGrad) can substantially improve the performance of large language model (LLM), however, their gen

WINDQuant: Weight-Informed Neural Decision-Making for Global Mixed-Precision LLM Quantization

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.26660v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quantization is an effective approach to reduce the memory footprint and inference cost of large language models (LLMs), yet maintaining performance in

Workflow Closure Is Not Scientific Closure in Auto-Research Systems

arXiv:2605.26200v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper argues that workflow closure is not scientific closure in auto-research systems. Current systems can increasingly complete research-like lo

Hardware

Xe-Forge: Multi-Stage LLM-Powered Kernel Optimization for Intel GPU

arXiv:2605.26118v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Porting deep learning algorithms to new hardware accelerators requires developers to repeatedly apply the same low-level optimizations -- quantization

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

XGrammar-2: Efficient Dynamic Structured Generation Engine for Agentic LLMs

arXiv:2601.04426v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Modern LLM agents increasingly rely on dynamic structured generation, such as tool calling and response protocols. Unlike traditional structured gen

Yes, Q-learning Helps Offline In-Context RL

arXiv:2502.17666v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Existing offline in-context reinforcement learning (ICRL) methods have predominantly relied on supervised training objectives, which are known

Local Ai

YOLO26-RipeLoc Lite: A lightweight architecture for tomato ripeness detection and picking point localization in greenhouse robotic harvesting

arXiv:2605.27129v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In greenhouse tomato production, automated harvesting requires accurate detection of ripe tomatoes, ripeness classification, and precise picking-point l

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Your Agents Are Aging Too: Agent Lifespan Engineering for Deployed Systems

arXiv:2605.26302v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-lived AI agents are increasingly deployed as persistent operational systems, yet they are still evaluated like freshly initialized models. Day-one