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Muon in Vision Transformers: Optimizer-Recipe Interactions and Gradient Spectra

arXiv:2605.24770v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Muon is a recently developed matrix-aware optimizer that has shown strong results in transformer training, but its behavior in vision transformers (ViTs

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Music Transcription with (Almost) No Supervision

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.24193v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Competitive music transcription models require large amounts of paired audio-score data, which is scarce due to collection costs, alignment difficulty

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

26 May 2026

MVR-cache: Optimizing Semantic Caching via Multi-Vector Retrieval and Learned Prompt Segmentation

arXiv:2605.24914v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: To reduce LLM costs and latency, semantic caching systems must accurately identify when a new prompt matches a cached one. Current methods often rely

Local Ai

MX-SAFE: Versatile Inference- and Training-Proof Microscaling Format with On-the-Fly Exponent and Mantissa Bit Allocation

arXiv:2605.24391v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As the demand for deep learning grows, cost reduction through quantization has become essential for both training and inference. In 2022, the Open Com

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Nano World Models: A Minimalist Implementation of Future Video Prediction

arXiv:2605.23993v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: World models have become a central paradigm for learning predictive simulators that support generation, planning, and decision-making. Yet, despite ra

Near-Optimal Nonconvex-Strongly-Convex Bilevel Optimization with Fully First-Order Oracles

arXiv:2306.14853v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In this work, we consider bilevel optimization when the lower-level problem is strongly convex. Recent works show that with a Hessian-vector p

NEST: Network- and Memory-Aware Device Placement For Distributed Deep Learning

arXiv:2603.06798v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The growing scale of deep learning demands distributed training frameworks that jointly reason about parallelism, memory, and network topology. Prio

Neural Integral Operators for Inverse Problems: An Operator-Learning Framework for Small-Sample Spectroscopic Classification

arXiv:2505.03677v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Learning maps between function spaces with a strong inductive bias is a central challenge in soft computing, especially when training data are scarc

Neural Router: Semantic Content Matching for Agentic AI

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.25701v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) can serve as the semantic-matching engine of a content-based publish/subscribe broker for agentic AI across the edge-clou

Neural Scalable Symbolic Search Framework for Complex Logical Queries with Multiple Free Variables

arXiv:2605.25985v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Complex Query Answering (CQA) is a fundamental knowledge representation and reasoning task over incomplete knowledge graphs (KGs). Answering existential

Neural Stochastic Differential Equations on Compact State Spaces: Theory, Methods, and Application to Suicide Risk Modeling

arXiv:2508.17090v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) studies enable the collection of high-frequency self-reports of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) v

NeuralTouch: Neural Descriptors for Precise Sim-to-Real Tactile Robot Control

arXiv:2510.20390v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Grasping accuracy is a critical prerequisite for precise object manipulation, often requiring careful alignment between the robot hand and object. N

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

NeurIPS: Neuro-anatomical Inductive Priors for Sphere-based Brain Decoding

arXiv:2605.24993v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current fMRI decoders face a performance-fidelity trade-off where efficient ID encoders outperform geometrically faithful surface-based models. We argue

Neuro-Inspired Inverse Learning for Planning and Control

arXiv:2605.24152v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present a neuro-inspired framework for embodied planning and control. Building on three principles that enable fast and highly effective goal-directe

Neuromorphic LiDAR-based Bird's Eye View Object Detection using Energy-efficient Spiking Neural Networks

arXiv:2605.25293v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autonomous driving perception demands accurate and efficient processing of three-dimensional sensor data under strict power constraints. Traditional c

Agents

Neuronal Stochastic Attention Circuit (NSAC) for Probabilistic Representation Learning

arXiv:2605.26061v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reliable quantification of uncertainty estimates in continuous-time (CT) representation learning remains nascent, particularly within CT attention arc

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

NITP: Next Implicit Token Prediction for LLM Pre-training

arXiv:2605.24956v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Standard next-token prediction (NTP) supervises language models solely through discrete labels in the output logit space. We argue that this sparse one-

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Noise-Robust Financial Numerical Entity Attribute Tagging

arXiv:2605.24910v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Financial Numerical Entity (FNE) understanding aims to recover the meaning of numerical mentions in financial reports. Existing studies primarily focus

Local Ai

Non-Invasive Reconstruction of Intracranial EEG Across the Deep Temporal Lobe from Scalp EEG based on Conditional Normalizing Flow

arXiv:2603.03354v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Although obtaining deep brain activity from non-invasive scalp electroencephalography (sEEG) is crucial for neuroscience and clinical diagnosi

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Applications

Nonconvex Decentralized Stochastic Bilevel Optimization under Heavy-Tailed Noise

arXiv:2509.15543v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Existing decentralized stochastic optimization methods assume the lower-level loss function is strongly convex and the stochastic gradient noise has

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Nonstationary Generalized Linear Bandits with Discounted Online Mirror Descent

arXiv:2605.25590v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study nonstationary generalized linear bandits (GLBs), where the expected reward is modeled through a nonlinear link function with an unknown time-

NormimesDirection: Restoring the Missing Query Norm in Vision Linear Attention

arXiv:2506.21137v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Linear attention mitigates the quadratic complexity of softmax attention but suffers from a critical loss of expressiveness. We identify two primary

Not All Transitions Matter: Evidence from PPO

arXiv:2605.24071v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Training a reinforcement learning agent on-policy means collecting fresh experience at every update, and that experience comes with a hidden problem.

Not only where, But when: Temporal Scheduling for RLVR

arXiv:2605.25381v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a core technique for post-training of Large Language Models (LLMs). While policy optimi

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

NPSolver: Neural Poisson Solver with Iterative Physics Supervision

arXiv:2605.25786v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Efficiently solving Poisson equations on complex, irregular domains remains a fundamental challenge in scientific computing, as classical iterative so

Applications

NSR-Boost: A Neuro-Symbolic Residual Boosting Framework for Industrial Legacy Models

arXiv:2601.10457v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Although the Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (GBDTs) dominate industrial tabular applications, upgrading legacy models in high-concurrency productio

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Nystrom Kernel Stein Discrepancy Tests

arXiv:2605.25173v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Kernel Stein discrepancy (KSD) is among the most popular goodness-of-fit (GoF) measures on general domains with a large number of successful deploymen

OASIS: Observation-Action Space Alignment via SE(3) Trajectory Prediction for Robotic Manipulation

arXiv:2605.25829v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models and world action models (WAMs) advance robotic manipulation by enriching intermediate representations with

Omissive Bias in Religious Representation: Benchmarking LLM Answers to Everyday Ethical Decision-making

arXiv:2605.24319v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As large language models become a default source of guidance on personal, moral, and existential questions, it matters whether they draw on the religiou

OmniSapiens: A Foundation Model for Social Behavior Processing via Heterogeneity-Aware Relative Policy Optimization

arXiv:2602.10635v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Socially intelligent AI systems must entail reasoning across diverse human behavioral tasks, and generalization to new contexts. However, AI has yet

On Reliability of Efficient Membership Inference Vulnerability Evaluation

arXiv:2605.25819v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Membership inference attacks (MIAs) are popular methods for empirically assessing the leakage of sensitive information in the training data through mode

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

On the Benefits of Free Exploration for Regret Minimization in Multi-Armed Bandits

arXiv:2605.25789v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study a stochastic multi-armed bandit problem where an agent is granted a free exploration budget before regret accumulates, a setting not captured

Tutorials

On the Communication Complexity of Decentralized Stochastic Bilevel Optimization

arXiv:2311.11342v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Stochastic bilevel optimization finds widespread applications in machine learning, including meta-learning, hyperparameter optimization, and neural

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

On the Epistemic Uncertainty of Overparametrized Neural Networks

arXiv:2605.25234v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Epistemic uncertainty is often viewed as a reducible uncertainty that vanishes with increasing data. This perspective implicitly assumes parameter ide

On the Impact of Class Imbalance on the Learning Dynamics of Deep Neural Networks:An Intuitive Insight

arXiv:2605.24908v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Class imbalance in deep neural networks (DNNs) has witnessed a rapid increase in research attention in recent years. However, the varying accounts of

On the Interaction of Batch Noise, Adaptivity, and Compression, under (L_0,L_1)-Smoothness: An SDE Approach

arXiv:2506.00181v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Distributed stochastic optimization intertwines (i) stochastic gradient noise, (ii) communication compression, and (iii) adaptive/normalized updates

On the Limits of Model Merging for Multilinguality in Pre-Training

arXiv:2605.25846v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Endowing models with consistent multilingual performance can be achieved by mixing pre-training data, or post-training approaches such as language-speci

researcharxiv-cs-cl

On the Sample Complexity of Robust Binary Hypothesis Testing

arXiv:2605.24741v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study the sample complexity of robust binary hypothesis testing under three standard contamination models: arepsilon-additive (Huber), arepsilon-su

On the Stability and Realizability of Recurrent Polynomial Surrogate Ternary Logic Gate Networks

arXiv:2605.24649v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) can learn to predict Signal Temporal Logic (STL) verdicts online from partial trajectories, but deploying them as run

One-for-All Model Initialization with Frequency-Domain Knowledge

arXiv:2603.07523v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Transferring knowledge by fine-tuning large-scale pre-trained networks has become a standard paradigm for downstream tasks, yet the knowledge of a p

One-shot Conditional Sampling: MMD meets Nearest Neighbors

arXiv:2509.25507v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: How can we generate samples from a conditional distribution that we never fully observe? This question arises across a broad range of applicat

One-Step Bellman Alignment Enables Provably Efficient Transfer in Online RL

arXiv:2601.21924v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study online transfer reinforcement learning (RL) in episodic Markov decision processes, where experience from related source tasks is available

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Agents

OPAL: Omnidirectional Path-efficient Aerial 3D expLoration

arXiv:2605.25423v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autonomous exploration is critical for robot mapping unknown environments. Desirable characteristics of exploration algorithms include compute efficienc

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

Operationalizing Reconstructive Authority: Runtime Construction, Dependency Resolution, and Execution Gating in Autonomous Agent Systems

arXiv:2605.23935v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autonomous agent systems fail not only due to incorrect decisions, but due to executing decisions whose authority no longer holds at runtime. Prior work

Opportunistic Target Selection: Early Directional Commitment for Query-Efficient Black-Box Adversarial Attacks

arXiv:2605.25663v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Black-box adversarial attacks that minimize only the ground-truth confidence suffer from class drift: perturbations wander through the feature space wit

Local Ai

Optimal and Order-optimal Gated Priority-based Greedy Policies for Two-layer Multi-item Order Fulfillment

arXiv:2605.25888v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study how an e-commerce firm should make real-time fulfillment decisions in a two-layer distribution network when multi-item customer orders arrive s

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Agents

Optimal Design for Multinomial Logit Model with Applications to Best Assortment Identification

arXiv:2605.25592v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study optimal experimental design for multinomial logit (MNL) bandits, where an agent repeatedly selects a subset of K items from a ground set of s

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Optimal Non-Asymptotic Edgeworth Expansions for Multivariate Neural Network Outputs

arXiv:2605.24072v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Finite-width fully connected neural networks with Gaussian-initialized weights deviate from their infinite-width Gaussian limit, exhibiting non-vanish