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SentGraph: Hierarchical Sentence Graph for Multi-hop Retrieval-Augmented Question Answering

arXiv:2601.03014v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Traditional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively supports single-hop question answering with large language models but faces signi

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Human DGX agent

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SEP-Attack: A Simple and Effective Paradigm for Transfer-Based Textual Adversarial Attack

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.24958v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Despite the strong performance of deep neural networks in modern Web and language applications, they remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks, especia

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

26 May 2026

Applications

SeqRoute: Global Budget-Aware Sequential LLM Routing via Offline Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2605.25424v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Existing LLM routing frameworks treat queries as independent events, neglecting the sequential nature of real-world user sessions constrained by globa

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Side-by-side Comparison Amplifies Dialect Bias in Language Models

arXiv:2605.24384v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Language models (LMs) can exhibit systematic biases against speakers based on variations in their dialects, even in the absence of a dialect label, a

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Local Ai

Signs Beat Floats: Low-Rank Double-Binary Adaptation for On-Device Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2605.24058v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: On-device adaptation of large language models commonly keeps a quantized base model frozen while training and deploying a small, task-specific LoRA ad

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Applications

Simulating Human Memory with Language Models

arXiv:2605.25680v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Language models are increasingly being deployed as user simulators, but their memory is far more reliable than that of real users. To measure this gap

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

'Si'multaneous 'S'patial-'T'emporal Message Passing for Dynamic Graph Representation Learning

arXiv:2605.25548v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Dynamic graph neural networks (DGNNs) that operate on snapshot sequences typically fall into one of two categories. Temporal-first approaches build pe

SimuWoB: Simulating Real-World Mobile Apps for Fast and Faithful GUI Agent Benchmarking

arXiv:2605.25160v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mobile GUI agents powered by large language models have progressed rapidly, creating urgent needs for realistic and comprehensive evaluation. Existing b

Single View Seafloor Recovery from Imaging Sonar via Differentiable Rendering

arXiv:2605.24195v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sonar is often the only modality suitable for high-resolution imaging underwater due to light attenuation and turbidity. Forward-looking imaging sonar

SkillEvolBench: Benchmarking the Evolution from Episodic Experience to Procedural Skills

arXiv:2605.24117v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents accumulate rich episodic trajectories while solving real-world tasks, but it remains unclear whether such experience c

SLAP: Stratified Loss-based Pruning for On-Policy Data-Efficient Instruction Tuning

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.23969v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Instruction tuning has optimized the specialized capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but it often requires extensive datasets and prolonged tr

SliceWorld: A Predictive and Controllable World-State Model for CT Report Generation

arXiv:2605.24371v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: CT report generation (CTRG) requires models to summarize three-dimensional anatomical context and pathological findings from hundreds of axial slices.

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Tutorials

Small Ensemble-based Data Assimilation: A Machine Learning-Enhanced Data Assimilation Method with Limited Ensemble Size

arXiv:2510.15284v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Ensemble-based data assimilation (DA) methods have become increasingly popular due to their inherent ability to address nonlinear dynamic problems.

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Small Models, Strong Priors: Architectural Inductive Bias for Parameter-Efficient Neural PDE Solvers

arXiv:2605.25949v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Neural PDE solvers have followed the scaling trajectory of vision and language, with recent foundation models reaching billions of parameters. We argu

Smart Timing for Mining: A Deep Learning Framework for Bitcoin Hardware ROI Prediction

arXiv:2512.05402v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Bitcoin mining hardware acquisition requires strategic timing due to volatile markets, rapid technological obsolescence, and protocol-driven r

SMDD-Bench: Can LLMs Solve Real-World Small Molecule Drug Design Tasks?

arXiv:2605.21740v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: LLM agents have incredible potential for scientific discovery applications. However, the performance of LLM agents on real-world, small molecule dru

Smoother Action Chunking Flow Policy via Prior-Corrected Orthogonal Trust-Region Guidance

arXiv:2605.24433v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Flow-matching robot policies commonly use action-chunking inference for efficient closed-loop control, but chunk boundaries can introduce discontinuou

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

SODE: Analyzing Social Dynamics in LLM Agents

arXiv:2605.23949v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As Large Language Models (LLMs) evolve into interactive agents, understanding their behavioral alignment within human social dynamics becomes essentia

Tutorials

Soft Pneumatic Actuators for Soft Robotics: A Motion-Based Review of Actuation Mechanisms and Performance Trade-offs

arXiv:2605.25109v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Soft pneumatic actuators are widely used in soft robotics because they can produce large motions while remaining compliant enough to interact safely wit

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ro

Soft Pneumatic Grippers: Topology optimization, 3D-printing and Experimental validation

arXiv:2511.19211v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper presents a systematic topology optimization framework for designing a soft pneumatic gripper (SPG), explicitly considering the design-dep

researcharxiv-cs-ro

SoK: A Comprehensive Security Analysis of Jailbreak Resilience in GPT and DeepSeek Models

arXiv:2506.18543v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rapid proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has heightened concerns regarding their exposure to jailbreak attacks, which craft adv

Agents

SoK: DARPA's AI Cyber Challenge (AIxCC): Competition Design, Architectures, and Lessons Learned

arXiv:2602.07666v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: DARPA's AI Cyber Challenge (AIxCC, 2023--2025) is the largest competition to date for building fully autonomous cyber reasoning systems (CRSs)

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Solving Combinatorial Counting Problems with Weighted First-Order Model Counting

arXiv:2605.24845v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Combinatorial counting problems pervade artificial intelligence, statistics, and discrete mathematics. Whether the task is enumerating subsets, multiset

SomaliBench Eval: Measuring English-to-Somali Refusal Gaps in Open-Weight Language Models

arXiv:2605.25420v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model safety evaluation remains heavily English-centered, leaving low-resource languages under-measured even when models are deployed g

Some Robustness Properties of Label Cleaning

arXiv:2509.11379v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We demonstrate that learning procedures that rely on aggregated labels, e.g., label information distilled from noisy responses, enjoy robustne

SPA-Cache: Singular Proxies for Adaptive Caching in Diffusion Language Models

arXiv:2602.02544v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: While Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) offer a flexible, arbitrary-order alternative to the autoregressive paradigm, their non-causal nature p

Applications

SPACE: Unifying Symmetric and Asymmetric Routing Problems for Generalist Neural Solver

arXiv:2605.24484v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generalist neural routing solvers have shown great potential in solving diverse vehicle routing problems (VRPs) with a unified model. However, existing

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Spacetime Formation under Requirements: Contextual Realization and Form-Dependent Probability

arXiv:2605.23943v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quantum cognition often explains order effects, contextuality, and violations of the law of total probability by replacing classical probability with qu

Agents

SPARK: Search Personalization via Agent-Driven Retrieval and Knowledge-sharing

arXiv:2512.24008v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Personalized search demands the ability to model users' evolving, multi-dimensional information needs; a challenge for systems constrained by static

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Local Ai

Spatio-temporal, multi-field deep learning of shock propagation in meso-structured media

arXiv:2509.16139v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Predicting the extreme hydrodynamic response of porous and architected lattice materials is a fundamental challenge in high energy density physics,

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

SpecAlign: A Semantic Alignment Framework for SystemVerilog Assertion Generation

arXiv:2605.25181v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing Large Language Model (LLM) approaches to SystemVerilog Assertion (SVA) generation primarily focus on syntactic validity and formal verification

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Specification-Based Code-Text-Code Reengineering for LLM-Mediated Software Evolution

arXiv:2605.25232v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Direct Code2Code transformation remains challenging to control because it can preserve surface-level syntax while introducing semantic drift, hidden b

Local Ai

SpecPrune-VLA: Accelerating Vision-Language-Action Models via Action-Aware Self-Speculative Pruning

arXiv:2509.05614v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Pruning is a typical acceleration technique for compute-bound models by removing computation on unimportant values. Recently, it has been appl

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Spectral Probe-Circuits: A Three-Step Recipe for Identifying Attention-Head Circuits in Pretrained Transformers

arXiv:2605.24059v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present a three-step recipe for identifying attention-head circuits in pretrained transformers. A per-head spectral signal -- the time-integrated p

Spectral Retrieval: Multi-Scale Sinc Convolution over Token Embeddings for Localized Retrieval in LLM Multi-Agent Systems

arXiv:2605.24764v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: [Abridged] - Spectral Retrieval is a plug-in re-ranking stage that interpolates between per-token MaxSim and mean-pool retrieval through a multi-scale

Spiking the training data to correct for test set contamination

arXiv:2605.24818v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The literature on test set contamination largely focuses on detection, but the correction of contaminated test scores is underexplored. Our core propo

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Split-Merge: A Difference-based Approach for Dominant Eigenvalue Problem

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2501.15131v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The computation of the dominant eigenpair for symmetric positive semidefinite matrices is fundamental in numerical optimization. This work shi

Spurious Stationarity and Hardness Results for Bregman Proximal-Type Algorithms

arXiv:2404.08073v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Bregman proximal-type algorithms (BPs), such as mirror descent, have become popular tools in machine learning and data science for exploiting

Squeezing Capacity from Multimodal Large Language Models for Subject-driven Generation

arXiv:2605.26111v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Subject-driven image generation aims to synthesize new images that preserve the identity of the given subject while following textual instructions. Ex

StakeBench: Evaluating Language Understanding Grounded in Market Commitment

arXiv:2605.26074v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Existing financial NLP benchmarks often rely on labels supplied by outside observers, measuring how language is perceived rather than what speakers ha

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

STaT: Resolving Shape Distortion in Non-Stationary Time Series via Tri-Modal Synergy

arXiv:2605.25943v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent research in time series forecasting frequently investigates the integration of textual and visual modalities with numerical models to better navi

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Statistical Inference for Stochastic Gradient Descent Beyond Finite Variance

arXiv:2605.26000v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a foundational algorithm for large-scale statistical learning and stochastic optimization. However, statistical i

Steering Beyond the Support: Adversarial Training on Unsupervised Jailbroken Activation Simulation

arXiv:2605.24535v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Jailbreak prompts can trigger harmful completions on aligned LLMs, In accordance, safety steering has been proposed: test-time activation intervention

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Stein Variational Ergodic Surface Coverage with SE(3) Constraints

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2603.09458v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Surface manipulation tasks require robots to generate trajectories that comprehensively cover complex 3D surfaces while maintaining precise end-effe

Step-TP: A Grounded, Step-Level Dataset with Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for LLM-Guided Tensor Program Optimization

arXiv:2605.25954v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Despite the strong reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), optimizing the execution efficiency of tensor programs remains challenging

StepGap: A Hybrid NLI-LLM Checker for Step-Level Evidence-Gap Detectionin Multi-Hop Question Answering

arXiv:2605.24733v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present extbf{StepGap}, a hybrid NLI-LLM decision tree that detects step-level evidence gaps in multi-hop QA and emits one of three typed labels: ext

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Stiffness Optimization for Concentrated Bending in Magnetically Actuated Catheters: Maintaining Steerability under Gradient Stiffness

arXiv:2605.25005v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Achieving both efficient pushability (propulsion transmission) and proximally concentrated bending for steerability is challenging for magnetically actu

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Stochastic Estimation of the Layer-wise Hessian Trace for Monitoring Neural-network Training

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.25674v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The loss and the norm of its gradient separate the healthy and the pathological regimes of neural-network training only weakly, whilst the curvature of