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What Makes a Medical Checker Trainable? Diagnosing Signal Collapse and Reward Hacking in Checker-Guided RAG for Biomedical QA

arXiv:2605.25988v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical RAG needs evidence-grounded claims, so plugging a claim-level NLI checker into retrieval-augmented RL is intuitive. extbf{We find that the check

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Human DGX agent

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What Questions Should Robots Be Able to Answer? A Dataset of User Questions for Explainable Robotics

DGX agent

arXiv:2510.16435v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: With the growing use of large language models and conversational interfaces in human-robot interaction, robots' ability to answer user questio

researcharxiv-cs-cl

26 May 2026

When Can We Trust Early Warnings? Leakage-Excluded Early Outcome Prediction from LMS Interaction Logs

arXiv:2605.25794v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Early-warning models built from Learning Management System (LMS) logs aim to predict end-of-course outcomes early enough to enable timely learner suppor

When Correct Beliefs Collapse: Epistemic Resilience of LLMs under Clinical Pressure

arXiv:2605.23932v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite strong medical benchmark accuracy, LLMs can exhibit severe multi-turn sycophancy in clinical dialogue, abandoning initial correct diagnosis unde

When Do LLM Agents Treat Surface Noise Differently from Semantic Noise? A 68-Cell Measurement Study with a Held-Out Trace-Level Validation

arXiv:2605.25981v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We document an empirical phenomenon in chain-of-thought and ReAct agents driven by ten large language models from seven architecture families: meaning-b

When Does Multi-Agent RL Improve LLM Workflows? Workflow, Scale, and Policy-Sharing Tradeoffs

arXiv:2605.24202v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-agent LLM workflows route inference through specialized roles to lift end-task accuracy, but jointly training those roles with reinforcement learn

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

When Does Synthetic Patent Data Help? Volume-Fidelity Trade-offs in Low-Resource Multi-Label Classification

arXiv:2605.24296v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study when LLM-generated synthetic data helps low-resource multi-label patent classification, separating true synthetic value from the confound that

When Gradients Collide: Failure Modes of Multi-Objective Prompt Optimization for LLM Judges

arXiv:2605.26046v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Customizing an LLM judge to a specific task or domain often involves optimizing its prompt across multiple evaluation criteria simultaneously. Textual

When In-Distribution Gains Fail: Evaluating Weak-to-Strong Reward Models under Preference Shift

arXiv:2605.25629v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Weak-to-strong (W2S) generalization is a promising framework for scalable oversight, yet existing evaluations often test students under matched train--t

researcharxiv-cs-cl

When Interpretability Becomes a Liability: Adversarial Attacks on CBM Concept Layers

arXiv:2605.25304v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) have emerged as a cornerstone approach for interpretable machine learning, providing human-understandable intermediate

When Mean CE Fails: Median CE Can Better Track Language Model Quality

arXiv:2605.24667v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mean cross-entropy is the standard validation metric for language models, but it can fail to track model quality during training. We examine this in two

When Reasoning Hurts: Source-Aware Evaluation of Frontier LLMs for Clinical SOAP Note Generation

arXiv:2605.24902v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reasoning-enabled LLMs perform strongly on medical reasoning benchmarks, but it remains unclear whether these gains transfer to structured clinical do

When Search Becomes Memory: Turning Robot Design Trials into Transferable Skills

arXiv:2605.25832v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as proposal generators for evolutionary robot design, yet most loops remain memoryless: simulator r

When Self-Belief Misleads: Active Label Acquisition for Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards

arXiv:2605.25864v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable advancements in reasoning capabilities empowered by Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewar

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

When the Manual Lies: A Realistic Benchmark to Evaluate MCP Poisoning Attacks for LLM Agents

arXiv:2605.24069v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The rise of tool-using Large Language Model (LLM) agents, standardized by protocols like the Model Context Protocol (MCP), has unlocked unprecedented

WhenLoss: Diagnosing Write and Retrieval Bottlenecks in Long-Context Memory Systems

arXiv:2605.24579v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-context memory systems often fail under fixed budgets, but end-to-end evaluation does not reveal whether evidence was discarded during compression

Which Is Better For Reducing Outdated and Vulnerable Dependencies: Pinning or Floating?

arXiv:2510.08609v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Developers consistently use version constraints to specify acceptable versions of the dependencies for their project. Pinning dependencies can

Applications

WhisTLE: Deeply Supervised, Text-Only Domain Adaptation for Pretrained Speech Recognition Transformers

arXiv:2509.10452v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Pretrained automatic speech recognition (ASR) models such as Whisper perform well but still need domain adaptation to handle unseen parlance. In man

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Who judges the judges? Governance from metrics: a runtime framework for continuous LLM compliance monitoring

arXiv:2605.24737v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Current approaches to AI compliance treat conformity as a binary, audit-time verdict rather than a continuous, measurable property of production syste

WhoSaidIt: Human-LLM Collaborative Annotation for Text-Based Multilingual Speaker-Attribute Classification

arXiv:2605.26070v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Annotating speaker attributes from text is inherently ambiguous, particularly in multilingual settings where demographic and social cues are implicit an

Whose Alignment? Comparing LLM Process Alignment Across Diverse Organizational Decision Contexts

arXiv:2605.25256v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Aligning AI systems with organizational decision-making is typically framed as a single-target problem: make the model behave like the organization. We

Why Agentic Theorem Prover Works: A Statistical Provability Theory of Mathematical Reasoning Models

arXiv:2602.10538v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Agentic theorem provers combine a reasoning model, retrieval, search, and a proof assistant verifier, yet it remains unclear which components

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Why We Need World Models for AGI: Where LLMs Fail and How World Models May Outperform

arXiv:2605.23972v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models achieve strong performance in language generation and knowledge-intensive tasks, yet remain limited in settings requiring causal r

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Why Your Deep Research Agent Fails? On Hallucination Evaluation in Full Research Trajectory

arXiv:2601.22984v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Diagnosing failure patterns in Deep Research Agents (DRAs) remains a critical challenge. Existing benchmarks predominantly rely on end-to-end evalua

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

WideDepth: Millimeter-Accurate Benchmark for Fisheye Depth Estimation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2605.24074v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Fisheye cameras are increasingly adopted in robotics for near-field manipulation, navigation, and immersive perception, yet indoor depth benchmarks wi

WINO: A Weak-Form Physics Informed Neural Operator for Hyperelasticity on Variable Domains

arXiv:2605.24651v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose a Weak-form Physics-Informed Neural Operator (WINO), a data-free framework that combines the efficiency of neural operators with the geomet

Applications

WISE: Web Information Satire and Fakeness Evaluation

arXiv:2512.24000v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Distinguishing fake or untrue news from satire or humor poses a unique challenge due to their overlapping linguistic features and divergent intent.

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

WLNO: Wavelet-Laplace Neural Operator for Solving Partial Differential Equations

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.24658v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This work introduces the Wavelet-Laplace Neural Operator (WLNO), a novel neural operator that fuses Haar wavelet multi-scale spatial decomposition with

Word Class Representations Spontaneously Emerge from Successor Representations Trained on Natural Language

arXiv:2605.24585v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Language models are typically trained to predict the next token in a sequence. Here, we explore an alternative predictive principle from reinforcement l

researcharxiv-cs-cl

World-State Transformations for Neuro-symbolic Interactive Storytelling

arXiv:2605.24719v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have changed the possibilities of Interactive Storytelling systems that process free-text user input. However, as more of

World-VLA-Loop: Closed-Loop Learning of Video World Model and VLA Policy

arXiv:2602.06508v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) can refine Vision-Language-Action (VLA) policies beyond behavior cloning, but real-world RL remains expensive due to ext

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

WorldGUI: An Interactive Benchmark for Desktop GUI Automation from Any Starting Point

arXiv:2502.08047v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent progress in GUI agents has substantially improved visual grounding, yet robust planning remains challenging, particularly when the environmen

WTKO-CNN: Deep Learning Reveals Sequence Motifs Distinguishing Wild-Type and Knockout ATAC-seq Peaks

arXiv:2605.24034v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Chromatin regulators can alter transcriptional programs by modifying the accessibility of regulatory DNA elements. Understanding how regulatory sequen

X-DiffVLA: X-Embodied Diffusion Action Heads for Vision-Language-Action Models

arXiv:2605.25044v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning universal policies from cross-embodied data remains a fundamental challenge in robotics. Although Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are pre-t

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

XRPO: Pushing the limits of GRPO with Targeted Exploration and Exploitation

arXiv:2510.06672v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement learning algorithms such as GRPO have driven recent advances in large language model (LLM) reasoning. While scaling the number of roll

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

You Can Ground Earlier than See: An Effective and Efficient Pipeline for Temporal Sentence Grounding in Compressed Videos

arXiv:2303.07863v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Given an untrimmed video, temporal sentence grounding (TSG) aims to locate a target moment semantically according to a sentence query. Althoug

Local Ai

Your Embedding Model is SMARTer Than You Think

arXiv:2605.24938v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal retrieval relies heavily on single-vector retrievers, which compress rich, sequential token sequences into one single global representation

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Zero-Shot Parkinson's Disease Detection from Speech: Comparing Large Audio and Language Models

arXiv:2605.24806v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large audio and language models have recently demonstrated zero-shot reasoning capabilities across various domains. However, it remains unclear how th

Zeroth-Order Nonconvex Nonsmooth Optimization with Heavy-Tailed Noise

arXiv:2605.24513v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper considers the nonconvex nonsmooth problem in which the objective function is Lipschitz continuous. We focus on the stochastic setting where t

4DThinker: Thinking with 4D Imagery for Dynamic Spatial Understanding

arXiv:2605.05997v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Dynamic spatial reasoning from monocular video is essential for bridging visual intelligence and the physical world, yet remains challenging for vis

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

6G Communication Networks Enabling Embodied Agents: Architecture and Prototype

arXiv:2605.23263v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Embodied agents, which couple intelligent decision-making with physical actuation in the real world, impose far more stringent and heterogeneous commu

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

A Comparative Evaluation of Structural Topic Models and BERTopic for Short, Open-Ended Survey Responses

arXiv:2605.23093v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Topic modeling in applied psychology increasingly spans two methodological traditions: probabilistic bag-of-words models and newer embedding-based appro

A comprehensive evaluation of pretraining strategies for channel-agnostic contrastive self-supervision of biosignals

arXiv:2410.19842v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Contrastive learning yields impressive results for self-supervision in computer vision. The approach relies on the creation of positive pairs,

A drone-based framework for coral habitat mapping via weakly supervised segmentation

arXiv:2508.18958v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Obtaining pixel-level annotations over large spatial extents remains a major bottleneck for deploying machine learning in ecological applicati

A European Multi-Center Breast Cancer MRI Dataset

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2506.00474v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Early detection of breast cancer is critical for improving patient outcomes. While mammography remains the primary screening modality, magneti

A Fine-Tuned BERT Classifier for Personal-Letter Titles in Late-Ming and Early-Qing Collected Works

arXiv:2605.23103v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: I present Lepton (Letter Prediction), a fine-tuned BERT classifier that predicts whether a title in a Classical Chinese wenji table of contents is a p

A graph-based analysis of semantic types and coercion in contextualized word embeddings

arXiv:2605.23710v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Semantic type mismatch between a noun and its context is central to coercion phenomena. This paper introduces a graph-based method to examine how lexica

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Tutorials

A mathematical theory of balancing relational generalization and memorization

arXiv:2605.22972v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Humans, animals, and modern machine learning models exhibit impressive abilities to learn complex behaviors and generalize these behaviors to unseen s

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai