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TCA-SIR: Learning Target-Conditioned Abstractions for Scientific Inspiration Retrieval

arXiv:2607.28498v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Scientific hypothesis generation for AI for Science typically involves Scientific Inspiration Retrieval (SIR) followed by hypothesis composition. Exis

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Model Releases

TEA-AgriVLN: Traversability Estimation Alarm for Agricultural Vision-and-Language Navigation

DGX agent

arXiv:2607.28474v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environments (VLN-CE) requires an agent to follow a natural language instruction, predicting a sequence of

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

31 Jul 2026

Temporal Concentration from Rollout Errors: Implicit Preference Optimization for Text-to-Video Diffusion

arXiv:2607.28058v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in preference alignment for diffusion-based video generation, particularly via Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), have significantly

Test-Time Backdoor Detection for Object Detection Models

arXiv:2503.15293v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Object detection models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where attackers poison a small subset of training samples by embedding a predefined trig

The Age of AI Agents Demands A New Scientific Paradigm To Sustain Trustworthy Science

arXiv:2607.26064v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: AI systems are becoming autonomous research agents that generate hypotheses, design experiments, and produce discoveries at scales beyond human oversi

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

The Confidence Manifold: Geometric Structure of Correctness Representations in Language Models

arXiv:2602.08159v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: When a language model asserts that 'the capital of Australia is Sydney,' does it know this is wrong? Models assert misconceptions with the sam

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

The Convergence Behavior of Adam under Heavy-Tailed Noise

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2607.27383v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We establish the first convergence guarantees for the plain vector-form Adam optimizer under heavy-tailed stochastic noise. While several Adam variants

The Easy Trap: Why LLMs Underestimate Misconception-Driven Difficulty

arXiv:2607.26067v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for estimating item difficulty in educational assessment. However, it remains unclear whether such

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

The Human Utility Factor: A Computable Welfare Metric That Reframes AI Governance as a Constrained Optimisation Problem

arXiv:2607.26068v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Existing AI governance frameworks, including the EU AI Act and NIST AI RMF, address safety, transparency, and accountability but do not operationalize

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

The Kinetics of Training: A Driven-Nucleation Rate Law for Emergence, Plasticity Loss, and Circuit Control in Language Models

arXiv:2607.27281v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A capability appears in a language model when the last parts of its circuit align in one stochastic attempt, and getting all but one right is worth noth

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

The MADRS Pipeline: Supporting Depression Assessment in Clinical Trials

arXiv:2607.28190v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Depression is a major mental disorder for which diagnosis relies primarily on clinical assessments. Automated methods to support its detection via the p

The Role of Causality in Algorithmic Recourse

arXiv:2607.28497v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Algorithmic recourse aims to provide individuals with actionable changes to improve their predicted outcomes in high-stakes classification settings, suc

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Tutorials

The Social Cost of an AI Teammate: How an Artificial Teammate Reshapes Human-Human Communication in Small-Team Decision-Making

arXiv:2607.27179v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Conversational AI is increasingly positioned as a teammate rather than a tool, yet we know little about how its presence reshapes communication among

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Theatre Chapbooks At Scale: A Statistical Comparative Analysis of Typography

arXiv:2607.27266v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We propose a statistical methodology that quantifies the similarity of typefaces between printed historical books. This provides a tool that accelerates

Theia: Large-Scale Multimodal Captioning and Automated Validation of the Incidents1M Dataset for Data-Free Distillation

arXiv:2607.28269v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The deployment of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in critical domains like disaster management requires high-quality multimodal datasets, especially for t

THGFM: Dual-Branch Temporal Heterogeneous Graph Fusion Model

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2607.27303v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Temporal heterogeneous graphs offer a natural abstraction for dynamic relational systems in which diverse node and relation types co-exist and evolve

Think with Extra-Image: A Farmland Segmentation Agent Driven by Spatio-Temporal Information Gain

arXiv:2607.28186v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing farmland remote sensing image (FRSI) segmentation follows a 'Think with Intra-Image' paradigm, assuming that the current image contains suffici

Thinking Once Is Enough: Intermediate-Layer Evidence Routing for High-Resolution VQA

arXiv:2607.27830v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: High-resolution visual question answering (HR-VQA) is often treated as a problem of insufficient evidence acquisition, where failing multimodal large la

ThreatForest: Multi-Agent Attack Tree Generation with Pluggable TTP Framework Mapping

arXiv:2607.27528v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Threat modeling is essential for secure software development, yet manual analysis of cloud-native architectures is slow and demands scarce security ex

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Three-Photon Bayesian Imaging of Ortho-Positronium

arXiv:2607.27741v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: PET provides functional images relying on two-photon coincidences from positron-electron annihilation. In human tissue, about 40% of annihilations are

TIER-MoE: Trust-Informed Expert Routing via Conditional Modality Risk for Multimodal Fusion in Biomedical Classification

arXiv:2607.27289v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The promise of multimodal fusion lies in combining complementary sources of evidence, yet more evidence does not always yield a better prediction. Recen

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Tight Sample Complexity for Low-Rank Adaptation: Matching Bounds and Rank Selection

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2607.27680v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has become the standard mechanism for fine-tuning large pretrained models, yet its statistical properties remain only parti

TongueReenact: Geometry-Anchored Tongue Synthesis for Face Reenactment

arXiv:2607.28039v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern face reenactment systems achieve impressive pose and expression transfer using geometry-driven representations. However, they largely ignore tong

TopoFormer: Topology Meets Attention for Graph Learning

arXiv:2607.28259v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce Topoformer, a lightweight and scalable framework for graph representation learning that encodes topological structure into attention-friend

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Toward Multi-Modal Deep Learning for Pulmonary Disease Classification: A Texture-Based Machine Learning Pilot Study on Public Chest X-Ray Data

arXiv:2607.27286v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automated classification of pulmonary disease from chest radiographs is a widely studied application of machine learning in medical imaging. This pape

Towards Autonomous Aircraft Surveillance from Nanosatellites through On-Board Inference and Generative Data Augmentation

arXiv:2607.28470v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Airborne surveillance from low Earth orbit is hindered by two interconnected bottlenecks: nanosatellites have a limited downlink budget, yet the conve

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

Towards Generalized Synapse Detection Across Invertebrate Species

arXiv:2509.17041v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Behavioural differences across organisms, whether healthy or pathological, are closely tied to the structure of their neural circuits. Yet, the fine

Towards joint scaling laws with optimal batch size schedules

arXiv:2607.27731v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern deep learning typically keeps the batch size static throughout training, thus overlooking the joint effect of learning rate and batch size on the

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Towards Practical Algorithm Selection for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation in Medical Imaging

arXiv:2607.28125v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Numerous unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) algori-thms exist, but for clinical practice, selecting the best-suited one along with proper hyperparamet

Towards Real-Time PixOOD: Efficient Anomaly Segmentation for Autonomous Vehicles

arXiv:2607.28483v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-time anomaly segmentation is essential for the safety of autonomous systems. Although recent approaches offer high accuracy, their computational co

Tutorials

Towards Robust Monocular Depth Estimation in Non-Lambertian Surfaces

arXiv:2408.06083v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In the field of monocular depth estimation (MDE), many models with excellent zero-shot performance in general scenes emerge recently. However, these

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

(Towards) Scalable Reliable Automated Evaluation with Large Language Models

arXiv:2607.28282v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Evaluating the quality and relevance of textual outputs from Large Language Models (LLMs) remains challenging and resource-intensive. Existing automated

Towards Stability of Parameter-Free Optimization

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2405.04376v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Hyperparameter tuning, particularly the selection of an appropriate learning rate in adaptive gradient training methods, remains a challenge. To add

Towards Structurally Explainable Machine-Generated Text Detection: A Graph-Perspective Framework

arXiv:2505.12507v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Despite the success of machine-generated text detectors, the black-box nature remains a critical limitation. Traditional explainability methods rely

Towards Unified Multimodal Misinformation Detection in Social Media: A Benchmark Dataset and Baseline

arXiv:2509.25991v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Detecting deceptive multimodal content on social media has become an increasingly important problem. Two major types of deception dominate: hu

TraceCoder: Explainable and Auditable Code Generation with Position-Key Snippet Versioning

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

arXiv:2607.26307v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Contemporary LLM-based coding agents produce code as black-box outputs: the rationale behind each line is hidden, the evolution of the code through benc

Applications

Train Small, Deploy Large: Zero-Shot GNN Transfer Through Geometric Renormalization

arXiv:2607.27767v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph neural networks (GNNs) can operate on large graphs but become infrastructure-sensitive at the scale of millions of nodes and typically require sca

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Training Skills Like Parameters via Self-Supervised Semantic Diffusion

arXiv:2607.27557v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable general instruction-following capabilities, they often fall short of human experts in highly s

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

TriShield: Zero-Utility-Loss Defense Against Privacy Backdoors in Federated Language Model Fine-Tuning via Orthogonal Gradient Projection and Optimizer State Entanglement

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2607.27940v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Federated fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) enables collaborative training without exposing raw data. However, a recent attack, NeuroImprint

TSOG: A Format For Temporally And Spatially Ordered Gaussians

arXiv:2607.28049v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose Temporally and Spatially Ordered Gaussians (TSOG), a format for efficient representation of 4D Gaussian Splatting (4DGS) content. TSOG exte

Tycho: Active Abstraction with Programmatic World Models for ARC-AGI-3

arXiv:2607.28287v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: ARC-AGI-3 turns abstraction into an interactive problem of skill acquisition. A player must infer an unfamiliar game's rules, hidden state, and goal w

Applications

Uncertainty-Aware Multimodal Fusion for Oral Lesion Classification

arXiv:2511.12268v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Early detection of oral cancer and potentially malignant diseases is a major challenge in low-resource settings due to the scarcity of annotat

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Uncertainty quantification for trustworthy deep learning: Methods and measures

arXiv:2607.28248v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The deployment of deep neural networks in safety-critical domains demands reliable estimates of predictive confidence, yet conventional architectures

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Hardware

Understanding Is Done Early: A Depth Division of Labor in Large Language Models and Its Use for Unbounded-Context Memory

arXiv:2607.28263v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transformer depth is not used uniformly: lower and middle layers build semantic representations, while upper layers increasingly specialize them for pre

hardwarearxiv-cs-cl

Understanding Submodular Information Measure Based Objectives for Representation Learning: A Variance and Separation Perspective

arXiv:2607.27660v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Submodular Information Measures (SIMs) have recently emerged as a powerful framework for representation learning and multimodal learning. In particula

UniCross: Unified Cross-Skill Dexterous Manipulation Synthesis

arXiv:2607.28198v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Many dexterous manipulation tasks require the object to remain securely held throughout the interaction. From the perspective of hand-object relationa

Unifying Adversarially Robust Model Experts in Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2607.27897v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, posing a serious problem for real-life applications and deployment.

UrbanDS: A Graph-Guided LLM Multi-Agent System for Data-Intensive Urban Tasks

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

arXiv:2607.26724v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents have been widely applied in automating data science tasks. However, existing methods typically rely on a limited set o