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Allegory of the Cave: Measurement-Grounded Vision-Language Learning

arXiv:2605.11727v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language models typically reason over post-ISP RGB images, although RGB rendering can clip, suppress, or quantize sensor evidence before infere

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AlphaEarth Satellite Embeddings for Modelling Climate Sensitive Diseases Towards Global Health Resilience

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.10949v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Malaria, childhood acute respiratory infection, and child undernutrition together account for over two million deaths annually in children under five,

researcharxiv-cs-cv

13 May 2026

AlphaGRPO: Unlocking Self-Reflective Multimodal Generation in UMMs via Decompositional Verifiable Reward

arXiv:2605.12495v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this paper, we propose AlphaGRPO, a novel framework that applies Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) to AR-Diffusion Unified Multimodal Models

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

An Empirical Study of Automating Agent Evaluation

arXiv:2605.11378v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agent evaluation requires assessing complex multi-step behaviors involving tool use and intermediate reasoning, making it costly and expertise-intensive

Analytical Provisioning for Attention-FFN Disaggregated LLM Serving under Stochastic Workloads

arXiv:2601.21351v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Attentio-FFN disaggregation (AFD) is an emerging architecture for LLM decoding that separates state-heavy, KV-cache-dominated Attention computation

Anomaly-Aware Vision-Language Adapters for Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection

arXiv:2605.12069v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Zero-shot anomaly detection aims to identify defects in unseen categories without target-specific training. Existing methods usually apply the same feat

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Anti-Self-Distillation for Reasoning RL via Pointwise Mutual Information

arXiv:2605.11609v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: On-policy self-distillation, where a student is pulled toward a copy of itself conditioned on privileged context (e.g., a verified solution or feedbac

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

AOI-SSL: Self-Supervised Framework for Efficient Segmentation of Wire-bonded Semiconductors In Optical Inspection

arXiv:2605.12430v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Segmentation models in automated optical inspection of wire-bonded semiconductors are typically device-specific and must be re-trained when new devices

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Approximating Simple ReLU Networks based on Spectral Decomposition of Fisher Information

arXiv:2505.17907v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Properties of Fisher information matrices of 2-layer neural ReLU networks with random hidden weights are studied. For these networks, it is kn

Approximation of Maximally Monotone Operators : A Graph Convergence Perspective

arXiv:2605.12301v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Operator learning has been highly successful for continuous mappings between infinite-dimensional spaces, such as PDE solution operators. However, many

Approximation Theory of Laplacian-Based Neural Operators for Reaction-Diffusion System

arXiv:2605.12025v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Neural operators provide a framework for learning solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs), enabling efficient surrogate modeling for

Arbitrated Indirect Treatment Comparisons

arXiv:2510.18071v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) has been increasingly employed in health technology assessments (HTA). By reweighting subjects fr

arepsilon-Good Action Identification in Fixed-Budget Monte Carlo Tree Search

arXiv:2605.11324v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study the fixed-budget max-min action identification problem in depth-2 max-min trees, an important special case of Monte Carlo Tree Search. A learne

ASD-Bench: A Four-Axis Comprehensive Benchmark of AI Models for Autism Spectrum Disorder

arXiv:2605.11091v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automated ASD screening tools remain limited by single-architecture evaluations, axis-restricted assessment, and near-exclusive focus on adult cohorts,

ASIP-Planner: Adaptive Planning for UAV Surface Inspection in Partially Known Indoor Environments

arXiv:2605.11119v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Indoor infrastructure inspection, such as tunnels and industrial facilities, requires systematic surface coverage to ensure that all inspection targets

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

Assessment of cloud and associated radiation fields from a GAN stochastic cloud subcolumn generator

arXiv:2605.11968v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern Earth System Models (ESMs) operate on horizontal scales far larger than typical cloud features, requiring stochastic subcolumn generators to re

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Asymmetric Advantage Modulation Calibrates Entropy Dynamics in RLVR

arXiv:2604.04894v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has substantially improved the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs), but it often

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Agents

Attacks and Mitigations for Distributed Governance of Agentic AI under Byzantine Adversaries

arXiv:2605.12364v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agentic AI governance is a critical component of agentic AI infrastructure ensuring that agents follow their owner's communication and interaction pol

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Audio-Visual Camera Pose Estimation with Passive Scene Sounds and In-the-Wild Video

arXiv:2512.12165v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Understanding camera motion is a fundamental problem in embodied perception and 3D scene understanding. While visual methods have advanced rapidly,

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Augmented Lagrangian Method for Last-Iterate Convergence for Constrained MDPs

arXiv:2605.11694v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study policy optimization for infinite-horizon, discounted constrained Markov decision processes (CMDPs). While existing theoretical guarantees typic

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Hardware

AutoLLMResearch: Training Research Agents for Automating LLM Experiment Configuration -- Learning from Cheap, Optimizing Expensive

arXiv:2605.11518v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Effectively configuring scalable large language model (LLM) experiments, spanning architecture design, hyperparameter tuning, and beyond, is crucial f

hardwarearxiv-cs-cl

AutoMonitor-Bench: Evaluating the Reliability of LLM-Based Misbehavior Monitor

arXiv:2601.05752v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce AutoMonitor-Bench, the first benchmark designed to systematically evaluate the reliability of LLM-based misbehavior monitors across div

Autoregressive Learning in Joint KL: Sharp Oracle Bounds and Lower Bounds

arXiv:2605.12316v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study the fundamental and timely problem of learning long sequences in autoregressive modeling and next-token prediction under model misspecification

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

B4DL: A Benchmark for 4D LiDAR LLM in Spatio-Temporal Understanding

arXiv:2508.05269v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Understanding dynamic outdoor environments requires capturing complex object interactions and their evolution over time. LiDAR-based 4D point clouds

Backbone-Equated Diffusion OOD via Sparse Internal Snapshots

arXiv:2605.11014v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Fair comparison between diffusion-based OOD detectors is challenging, as conclusions can vary with backbone choice, corruption parameterization, and tes

BARISTA: A Multi-Task Egocentric Benchmark for Compositional Visual Understanding

arXiv:2605.12074v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scene understanding is central to general physical intelligence, and video is a primary modality for capturing both state and temporal dynamics of a sce

Bayesian Surrogate Training on Multiple Data Sources: A Hybrid Modeling Strategy

arXiv:2412.11875v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Surrogate models are often used as computationally efficient approximations to complex simulation models, enabling tasks such as solving inver

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

BEExformer: A Fast Inferencing Binarized Transformer with Early Exits

arXiv:2412.05225v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) based on transformers achieve cutting-edge results on a variety of applications. However, their enormous size and proce

Behavioral Mode Discovery for Fine-tuning Multimodal Generative Policies

arXiv:2605.11387v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We address the problem of fine-tuning pre-trained generative policies with reinforcement learning (RL) while preserving the multimodality of their actio

Beyond GRPO and On-Policy Distillation: An Empirical Sparse-to-Dense Reward Principle for Language-Model Post-Training

arXiv:2605.12483v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In settings where labeled verifiable training data is the binding constraint, each checked example should be allocated carefully. The standard practice

Beyond Localization: A Comprehensive Diagnosis of Perspective-Conditioned Spatial Reasoning in MLLMs from Omnidirectional Images

arXiv:2605.12413v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show strong visual perception, yet remain limited in reasoning about space under changing viewpoints. We study

Agents

Beyond Manual Curation: Augmenting Targeted Protein Degradation Databases via Agentic Literature Extraction Workflows

arXiv:2605.11221v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Predictive models in biomedicine depend on structured assay data locked in the text, tables, and supplements of primary publications. This bottleneck

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Beyond Masks: The Case for Medical Image Parsing

arXiv:2605.11438v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical imaging research has spent a decade getting very good at one thing: producing per-voxel masks. Masks tell us size, volume, and location, and a d

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Beyond Parameter Aggregation: Semantic Consensus for Federated Fine-Tuning of LLMs

arXiv:2605.11857v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Federated fine-tuning of large language models is commonly formulated as a parameter aggregation problem. However, even parameter-efficient methods requ

Beyond Point Estimates: Distributional Uncertainty in Machine Learning Performance Evaluation

arXiv:2501.16931v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Machine learning models are often evaluated using point estimates of performance metrics such as accuracy, F1 score, or mean squared error. Such sum

Beyond Point-wise Neural Collapse: A Topology-Aware Hierarchical Classifier for Class-Incremental Learning

arXiv:2605.11904v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The Nearest Class Mean (NCM) classifier is widely favored in Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) for its superior resistance to catastrophic forgetting com

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Beyond Prediction: Interval Neural Networks for Uncertainty-Aware System Identification

arXiv:2605.11460v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: System identification (SysID) is critical for modeling dynamical systems from experimental data, yet traditional approaches often fail to capture nonlin

Beyond Similarity: Temporal Operator Attention for Time Series Analysis

arXiv:2605.11287v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A persistent paradox in time-series forecasting is that structurally simple MLP and linear models often outperform high-capacity Transformers. We argue

Beyond Text Prompts: Visual-to-Visual Generation as A Unified Paradigm

arXiv:2605.12271v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Humans often specify and create through visual artifacts: typography sheets, sketches, reference images, and annotated scenes. Yet modern visual generat

Bin Latent Transformer (BiLT): A shift-invariant autoencoder for calibration-free spectral unmixing of turbid media

arXiv:2605.11829v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The accurate recovery of constituent-level optical properties from integrating sphere measurements is a central analytical challenge in pharmaceutical

Birds of a Feather Flock Together: Background-Invariant Representations via Linear Structure in VLMs

arXiv:2605.11107v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP and SigLIP 2, are widely used for image classification, yet their vision encoders remain vulnerable to syste

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

BitLM: Unlocking Multi-Token Language Generation with Bitwise Continuous Diffusion

arXiv:2605.11577v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autoregressive language models generate text one token at a time, yet natural language is inherently structured in multi-token units, including phrases,

researcharxiv-cs-cl

BLOCK-EM: Preventing Emergent Misalignment via Latent Blocking

arXiv:2602.00767v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Emergent misalignment can arise when a language model is fine-tuned on a narrowly scoped supervised objective: the model learns the target behavior,

Block-R1: Rethinking the Role of Block Size in Multi-domain Reinforcement Learning for Diffusion Large Language Models

arXiv:2605.11726v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely applied during post-training for diffusion large language models (dLLMs) to enhance reasoning with

Hardware

BOOST: BOttleneck-Optimized Scalable Training Framework for Low-Rank Large Language Models

arXiv:2512.12131v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The scale of transformer model pre-training is constrained by the increasing computation and communication cost. Low-rank bottleneck architectures o

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

Boosting Omni-Modal Language Models: Staged Post-Training with Visually Debiased Evaluation

arXiv:2605.12034v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Omni-modal language models are intended to jointly understand audio, visual inputs, and language, but benchmark gains can be inflated when visual evid

Breaking Down and Building Up: Mixture of Skill-Based Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents

arXiv:2508.07642v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) poses significant challenges for agents to interpret natural language instructions and navigate complex 3

Breaking extit{Winner-Takes-All}: Cooperative Policy Optimization Improves Diverse LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2605.11461v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiers (RLVR) has become a central paradigm for improving LLM reasoning, yet popular group-based optimization algorithm