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Learning Large-Scale Modular Addition with an Auxiliary Modulus

arXiv:2605.07648v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning parity functions, more general modular addition, is a challenging machine learning task due to its input sensitivity. A recent study substantia

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

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Learning Material-Aware Hamiltonian Risk Fields for Safe Navigation

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.07038v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Risk-aware navigation should be selective: a policy should expose evasive degrees of freedom only when the local scene admits a lower-risk feasible mane

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

11 May 2026

Learning Minimal-Deviation Corrections for Multi-Dimensional Mismodelling in HEP Simulations

arXiv:2605.07460v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate Monte Carlo (MC) modelling in high-energy physics is challenging, particularly in complex scenarios where simulations fail to reproduce observe

Learning Multi-Relational Graph Representations for DNA Methylation-Based Biological Age Estimation

arXiv:2605.07175v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Aging clocks aim to estimate biological age, a measure of physiological state distinct from chronological age, from observable biomarkers, and are wid

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Learning quantum Hamiltonians at any temperature in polynomial time

arXiv:2310.02243v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We study the problem of learning a local quantum Hamiltonian H given copies of its Gibbs state rho = e^{-eta H}/extrm{tr}(e^{-eta H}) at a kno

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Learning to Communicate Locally for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Pathfinding

arXiv:2605.07637v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-agent pathfinding (MAPF) is a widely used abstraction for multi-robot trajectory planning problems, where multiple homogeneous agents move simulta

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Learning to Pose Problems: Reasoning-Driven and Solver-Adaptive Data Synthesis

arXiv:2511.09907v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Data synthesis for training large reasoning models offers a scalable alternative to limited, human-curated datasets, enabling the creation of high-q

Learning to Track Instance from Single Nature Language Description

arXiv:2605.07064v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: How to achieve vision-language (VL) tracking using natural language descriptions from a video sequence extbf{without relying on any bounding-box ground

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Learning Visual Feature-Based World Models via Residual Latent Action

arXiv:2605.07079v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: World models predict future transitions from observations and actions. Existing works predominantly focus on image generation only. Visual feature-bas

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

LENS: Low-Frequency Eigen Noise Shaping for Efficient Diffusion Sampling

arXiv:2605.07253v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Distilled diffusion models accelerate image generation by reducing the number of denoising steps, but often suffer from degraded image quality. To mitig

researcharxiv-cs-cv

LensVLM: Selective Context Expansion for Compressed Visual Representation of Text

arXiv:2605.07019v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision Language Models (VLMs) offer the exciting possibility of processing text as rendered images, bypassing the need for tokenizing the text into lo

Less Random, More Private: What is the Optimal Subsampling Scheme for DP-SGD?

arXiv:2605.07072v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Poisson subsampling is the default sampling scheme in differentially private machine learning, largely because its unstructured randomness yields tracta

Lightweight Unpaired Smartphone ISP Transfer with Semantic Pseudo-Pairing

arXiv:2605.07495v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Unpaired smartphone ISP is a challenging problem due to the lack of scene and color alignment between RAW and target RGB images. Many existing methods e

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Limitations on Accurate, Trusted, Human-level Reasoning

arXiv:2509.21654v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We identify a fundamental incompatibility between the goals of accuracy, trust, and human-level reasoning in artificial intelligence (AI) syst

Linear Response Estimators for Singular Statistical Models

arXiv:2605.07970v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We define susceptibilities as a measure of the response of an observable quantity of a parameterized statistical model to a perturbation of the data f

LiteGUI: Distilling Compact GUI Agents with Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2605.07505v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Developing lightweight, on-device vision-language GUI agents is essential for efficient cross-platform automated interaction. However, current on-device

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

LithoBench: Benchmarking Large Multimodal Models for Remote-Sensing Lithology Interpretation

arXiv:2605.07640v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Remote sensing lithology interpretation is fundamental to geological surveys, mineral exploration, and regional geological mapping. Unlike general lan

LKV: End-to-End Learning of Head-wise Budgets and Token Selection for LLM KV Cache Eviction

arXiv:2605.06676v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Long-context inference in Large Language Models (LLMs) is bottlenecked by the linear growth of Key-Value (KV) cache memory. Existing KV cache compress

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cl

LLM-Based Agents for Competitive Landscape Mapping in Drug Asset Due Diligence

arXiv:2508.16571v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In this paper, we describe and benchmark a competitor-discovery component used within an agentic AI system for fast drug asset due diligence. A comp

LLM-Guided Open Hypothesis Learning from Autonomous Scanning Probe Microscopy Experiments

arXiv:2605.06839v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autonomous experimentation has transformed microscopy and materials discovery by enabling closed-loop optimization including imaging and spectroscopy

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Applications

LLM hallucinations in the wild: Large-scale evidence from non-existent citations

arXiv:2605.07723v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are known to generate plausible but false information across a wide range of contexts, yet the real-world magnitude and c

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

LLMs are not (consistently) Bayesian: Quantifying internal (in)consistencies of LLMs' probabilistic beliefs

arXiv:2605.06915v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern AI systems are being deployed in complex domains such as medicine, science, and law, where it is important that they not only produce correct ans

LLMs Improving LLMs: Agentic Discovery for Test-Time Scaling

arXiv:2605.08083v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Test-time scaling (TTS) has become an effective approach for improving large language model performance by allocating additional computation during infe

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Hardware

LLMSpace: Carbon Footprint Modeling for Large Language Model Inference on LEO Satellites

arXiv:2605.05615v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) impose rapidly growing energy demands, creating an emerging energy and carbon crisis driven by large-scale inference. S

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

Applications

Locally Near Optimal Piecewise Linear Regression in High Dimensions via Difference of Max-Affine Functions

arXiv:2605.06959v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper presents a parametric solution to piecewise linear regression through the Adaptive Block Gradient Descent (ABGD) algorithm. The heart of th

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

LoHGNet: Infrared Small Target Detection through Lorentz Geometric Encoding with High-Order Relation Learning

arXiv:2605.07213v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) remains challenging due to the scarcity of useful target cues and the presence of severe background clutter. Mos

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

LookWhen? Fast Video Recognition by Learning When, Where, and What to Compute

arXiv:2605.06809v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transformers dominate video recognition. They split videos into tokens, and processing them has expensive superlinear computational cost. Yet videos are

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Lossy Common Information in a Learnable Gray-Wyner Network

arXiv:2601.21424v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Many computer vision tasks share substantial overlapping information, yet conventional codecs tend to ignore this, leading to redundant and in

researcharxiv-cs-cv

LR-SGS: Robust LiDAR-Reflectance-Guided Salient Gaussian Splatting for Self-Driving Scene Reconstruction

arXiv:2603.12647v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) methods have demonstrated the feasibility of self-driving scene reconstruction and novel view synthesis. H

MACS: Modality-Aware Capacity Scaling for Efficient Multimodal MoE Inference

arXiv:2605.05225v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Mixture-of-Experts Multimodal Large Language Models (MoE MLLMs) suffer from a significant efficiency bottleneck during Expert Parallelism (EP)

Mage: Multi-Axis Evaluation of LLM-Generated Executable Game Scenes Beyond Compile-Pass Rate

arXiv:2605.07342v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Compile-pass rate is the dominant evaluation signal for LLM code generation, yet for multi-component domain-specific artifacts it can be actively misl

MAGIQ: A Post-Quantum Multi-Agentic AI Governance System with Provable Security

arXiv:2605.06933v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Our computing ecosystem is being transformed by two emerging paradigms: the increased deployment of agentic AI systems and advancements in quantum compu

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Making AI Evaluation Deployment Relevant Through Context Specification

arXiv:2603.06811v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: With many organizations struggling to gain value from AI deployments, pressure to evaluate AI in an informed manner has intensified. Status quo AI e

Manifold Random Features

arXiv:2602.03797v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We present a new paradigm for creating random features to approximate bi-variate functions (in particular, kernels) defined on general manifolds. Th

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Many-to-Many Multi-Agent Pickup and Delivery

arXiv:2605.07835v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-robot systems in automated warehouses must manage continuous streams of pickup-and-delivery tasks while ensuring efficiency and safety. Prior work

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

MaPPO: Maximum a Posteriori Preference Optimization with Prior Knowledge

arXiv:2507.21183v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As the era of large language models (LLMs) unfolds, Preference Optimization (PO) methods have become a central approach to aligning LLMs with

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

MAS-Algorithm: A Workflow for Solving Algorithmic Programming Problems with a Multi-Agent System

arXiv:2605.05949v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Algorithmic problem solving serves as a rigorous testbed for evaluating structured reasoning in AI coding systems, as it directly reflects a model's

Mask2Cause: Causal Discovery via Adjacency Constrained Causal Attention

arXiv:2605.07280v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Leveraging deep learning for causal discovery in time series remains challenging because existing neural methods predominantly rely on component-wise

Masks Can Talk: Extracting Structured Text Information from Single-Modal Images for Remote Sensing Change Detection

arXiv:2605.07178v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Remote sensing change detection is pivotal for urban monitoring, disaster assessment, and environmental resource management. Yet, unimodal deep learning

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

MASPO: Joint Prompt Optimization for LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems

arXiv:2605.06623v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM)-based Multi-agent systems (MAS) have shown promise in tackling complex collaborative tasks, where agents are typically orch

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

MAST: A Multi-fidelity Augmented Surrogate model via Spatial Trust-weighting

arXiv:2602.20974v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In engineering design and scientific computing, computational cost and predictive accuracy are intrinsically coupled. High-fidelity simulations prov

Mathematical Reasoning via Intervention-Based Time-Series Causal Discovery Using LLMs as Concept Mastery Simulators

arXiv:2605.07600v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent methods for improving LLM mathematical reasoning, whether through MCTS-based test-time search or causal graph-guided knowledge injection, canno

MathlibPR: Pull Request Merge-Readiness Benchmark for Formal Mathematical Libraries

arXiv:2605.07147v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The ecosystem of Lean and Mathlib has become the de facto standard for large language model (LLM) assisted formal reasoning with remarkable successes

mathsf{VISTA}: Decentralized Machine Learning in Adversary Dominated Environments

arXiv:2605.07841v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Decentralized machine learning often relies on outsourcing computations, such as gradient evaluations, to untrusted worker nodes. Existing robust aggr

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

MatryoshkaLoRA: Learning Accurate Hierarchical Low-Rank Representations for LLM Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2605.07850v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: With the rise in scale for deep learning models to billions of parameters, the computational cost of fine-tuning remains a significant barrier to depl

MAVEN: Multi-Agent Verification-Elaboration Network with In-Step Epistemic Auditing

arXiv:2605.07646v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While explicit reasoning trajectories enhance model interpretability, existing paradigms often rely on monolithic chains that lack intermediate verifi

McNdroid: A Longitudinal Multimodal Benchmark for Robust Drift Detection in Android Malware

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.06894v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Machine learning (ML) in real-world systems must contend with concept drift, adversarial actors, and a spectrum of potential features with varying cos

Mean Mode Screaming: Mean--Variance Split Residuals for 1000-Layer Diffusion Transformers

arXiv:2605.06169v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Scaling Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) to hundreds of layers introduces a structural vulnerability: networks can enter a silent, mean-dominated collaps

researcharxiv-cs-cv