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arXiv:2605.00265v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-world knowledge is often organized as hierarchies such as product taxonomies, medical ontologies, and label trees, yet learning hierarchical repres

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PORTool: Importance-Aware Policy Optimization with Rewarded Tree for Multi-Tool-Integrated Reasoning

DGX agent

arXiv:2510.26020v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multi-tool-integrated reasoning enables LLM-empowered tool-use agents to solve complex tasks by interleaving natural-language reasoning with calls t

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

4 May 2026

Pose-Aware Diffusion for 3D Generation

arXiv:2605.00345v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generating pose-aligned 3D objects is challenging due to the spatial mismatches and transformation ambiguities inherent in decoupled canonical-then-rota

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Agents

Position: agentic AI orchestration should be Bayes-consistent

arXiv:2605.00742v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLMs excel at predictive tasks and complex reasoning tasks, but many high-value deployments rely on decisions under uncertainty, for example, which to

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Possibilistic Predictive Uncertainty for Deep Learning

arXiv:2605.00600v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deep neural networks achieve impressive results across diverse applications, yet their overconfidence on unseen inputs necessitates reliable epistemic

Posterior Augmented Flow Matching

arXiv:2605.00825v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Flow matching (FM) trains a time-dependent vector field that transports samples from a simple prior to a complex data distribution. However, for high-di

PPLLaVA: Varied Video Sequence Understanding With Prompt Guidance

arXiv:2411.02327v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In the past year, video-based large language models (Video LLMs) have achieved impressive progress, particularly in their ability to process long vi

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Applications

Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease Risk Factors from Retinal Images via Deep Learning: Development and Validation of Biologically Relevant Morphological Associations in the UK Biobank

arXiv:2605.00665v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The systemic, metabolic, lifestyle factors have established associations with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) through epidemiologic and AD-specific biomarker s

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Tutorials

Predictive Spatio-Temporal Scene Graphs for Semi-Static Scenes

arXiv:2605.00121v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We have seen tremendous recent progress in our ability to build 'spatio-semantic' representations that enable robots to perform complex reasoning across

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ro

Local Ai

Prefer-DAS: Learning from Local Preferences and Sparse Prompts for Domain Adaptive Segmentation of Electron Microscopy

arXiv:2602.19423v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Domain adaptive segmentation (DAS) is a promising paradigm for delineating intracellular structures from various large-scale electron microscopy (EM

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Preference Goal Tuning: Post-Training as Latent Control for Frozen Policies

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2412.02125v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Goal-conditioned policies enable decision-making models to execute diverse behaviors based on specified goals, yet their downstream performanc

PrefMoE: Robust Preference Modeling with Mixture-of-Experts Reward Learning

arXiv:2605.00384v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Preference-based reinforcement learning offers a scalable alternative to manual reward engineering by learning reward structures from comparative feedba

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Privacy Amplification in Differentially Private Zeroth-Order Optimization with Hidden States

arXiv:2506.00158v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Zeroth-order optimization has emerged as a promising approach for fine-tuning large language models under differential privacy (DP) and memory const

Probing Multimodal Large Language Models on Cognitive Biases in Chinese Short-Video Misinformation

arXiv:2601.06600v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Short-video platforms have become major channels for misinformation, where deceptive claims frequently leverage visual experiments and social cues.

Prompt-Induced Score Variance in Zero-Shot Binary Vision-Language Safety Classification

arXiv:2605.00326v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Single-prompt first-token probabilities from zero-shot vision-language model (VLM) safety classifiers are treated as decision scores, but we show they a

Provable and scalable quantum Gaussian processes for quantum learning

arXiv:2605.00099v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Despite rapid recent advances in quantum machine learning, the field is in many ways stuck. Existing approaches can exhibit serious limitations, and w

Putting HUMANS first: Efficient LAM Evaluation with Human Preference Alignment

arXiv:2605.00022v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid proliferation of large audio models (LAMs) demands efficient approaches for model comparison, yet comprehensive benchmarks are costly. To fill

Quantum Gradient-Based Approach for Edge and Corner Detection Using Sobel Kernels

arXiv:2605.00744v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Edge detection refers to identifying points in a digital image where intensity changes sharply, indicating object boundaries or structural features. Cor

Quantum Interval Bound Propagation for Certified Training of Quantum Neural Networks

arXiv:2605.00747v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Quantum machine learning is a promising field for efficiently learning features of a dataset to perform a specified task, such as classification. Inte

Local Ai

RadLite: Multi-Task LoRA Fine-Tuning of Small Language Models for CPU-Deployable Radiology AI

arXiv:2605.00421v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) show promise in radiology but their deployment is limited by computational requirements that preclude use in resource-const

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Randomized Subspace Nesterov Accelerated Gradient

arXiv:2605.00740v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Randomized-subspace methods reduce the cost of first-order optimization by using only low-dimensional projected-gradient information, a feature that i

RAT+: Train Dense, Infer Sparse -- Recurrence Augmented Attention for Dilated Inference

arXiv:2602.18196v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Structured dilated attention has an appealing inference-time efficiency knob: it reduces the FLOPs of attention and the KV cache size by a factor of

Real-Time Frame- and Event-based Object Detection with Spiking Neural Networks on Edge Neuromorphic Hardware: Design, Deployment and Benchmark

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2605.00146v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-time object detection on energy-constrained platforms is critical for applications such as UAV-based inspection, autonomous navigation, and mobile

REALM: An RGB and Event Aligned Latent Manifold for Cross-Modal Perception

arXiv:2605.00271v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Event cameras provide several unique advantages over standard frame-based sensors, including high temporal resolution, low latency, and robustness to ex

Reasoning-Intensive Regression

arXiv:2508.21762v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: AI researchers and practitioners increasingly apply large language models (LLMs) to what we call reasoning-intensive regression (RiR), i.e., deducin

Recovering Hidden Reward in Diffusion-Based Policies

arXiv:2605.00623v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper introduces EnergyFlow, a framework that unifies generative action modeling with inverse reinforcement learning by parameterizing a scalar ene

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Reinforcement Learning for LLM Post-Training: A Survey

arXiv:2407.16216v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) trained via pretraining and supervised fine-tuning (SFT) can still produce harmful and misaligned outputs, or struggle

Reinforcement Learning with LLM-Guided Action Spaces for Synthesizable Lead Optimization

arXiv:2604.07669v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Lead optimization in drug discovery requires improving therapeutic properties while ensuring that molecular modifications correspond to feasible syn

Reinforcement Learning with Markov Risk Measures and Multipattern Risk Approximation

arXiv:2605.00654v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: For a risk-averse finite-horizon Markov Decision Problem, we introduce a special class of Markov coherent risk measures, called mini-batch measures. We

ReLay: Personalized LLM-Generated Plain-Language Summaries for Better Understanding, but at What Cost?

arXiv:2605.00468v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Plain Language Summaries (PLS) aim to make research accessible to lay readers, but they are typically written in a one-size-fits-all style that ignores

Remote SAMsing: From Segment Anything to Segment Everything

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2605.00256v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: SAM2 produces high-quality zero-shot segmentation on natural images, but applying it to large remote sensing scenes exposes two problems: (1) its mask g

Representation in large language models

arXiv:2501.00885v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The extraordinary success of recent Large Language Models (LLMs) on a diverse array of tasks has led to an explosion of scientific and philosophical

ResRL: Boosting LLM Reasoning via Negative Sample Projection Residual Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2605.00380v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) enhances reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs) but usually exhibits limited generation diver

Resting Neurons, Active Insights: Robustify Activation Sparsity for Large Language Models

arXiv:2512.12744v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Activation sparsity offers a compelling route to accelerate large language model (LLM) inference by selectively suppressing hidden activations, yet

Rethinking LLM Ensembling from the Perspective of Mixture Models

arXiv:2605.00419v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Model ensembling is a well-established technique for improving the performance of machine learning models. Conventionally, this involves averaging the

RETO: A Rotary-Enhanced Transformer Operator for High-Fidelity Prediction of Automotive Aerodynamics

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.00062v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Rapid aerodynamic evaluation is crucial for modern vehicle design, yet existing neural operators struggle to capture intricate spatial correlations. W

Retrieval-Augmented Reasoning for Chartered Accountancy

arXiv:2605.00257v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The inception of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed AI adoption in the finance sector, yet their reliability in complex, jurisdiction-specific t

Revealing graph bandits for maximizing local influence

arXiv:2605.00489v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study a graph bandit setting where the objective of the learner is to detect the most influential node of a graph by requesting as little information

Reward Modeling from Natural Language Human Feedback

arXiv:2601.07349v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable reward (RLVR) on preference data has become the mainstream approach for training Generative Reward Models (GR

Riemannian MeanFlow

arXiv:2602.07744v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Diffusion and flow models have become the dominant paradigm for generative modeling on Riemannian manifolds, with successful applications in protein

Applications

Robust Fusion of Object-Level V2X for Learned 3D Object Detection

arXiv:2605.00595v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Perception for automated driving is largely based on onboard environmental sensors, such as cameras and radar, which are cost-effective but limited by l

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

ROSA: Robust and Energy-Efficient Microring-Based Optical Neural Networks via Optical Shift-and-Add and Layer-Wise Hybrid Mapping

arXiv:2605.00032v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This work presents ROSA, a microring-based optical neural network architecture that improves robustness and energy efficiency using an optical shift-a

RouteProfile: Elucidating the Design Space of LLM Profiles for Routing

arXiv:2605.00180v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As the large language model (LLM) ecosystem expands, individual models exhibit varying capabilities across queries, benchmarks, and domains, motivatin

RSAT: Structured Attribution Makes Small Language Models Faithful Table Reasoners

arXiv:2605.00199v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When a language model answers a table question, users have no way to verify which cells informed which reasoning steps. We introduce RSAT, a method that

RTPrune: Reading-Twice Inspired Token Pruning for Efficient DeepSeek-OCR Inference

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2605.00392v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: DeepSeek-OCR leverages visual-text compression to reduce long-text processing costs and accelerate inference, yet visual tokens remain prone to redundan

Agents

RunAgent: Interpreting Natural-Language Plans with Constraint-Guided Execution

arXiv:2605.00798v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Humans solve problems by executing targeted plans, yet large language models (LLMs) remain unreliable for structured workflow execution. We propose Ru

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

SAGA: Workflow-Atomic Scheduling for AI Agent Inference on GPU Clusters

arXiv:2605.00528v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: AI agents execute tens to hundreds of chained LLM calls per task, yet GPU schedulers treat each call as independent, discarding gigabytes of intermedi

SAVGO: Learning State-Action Value Geometry with Cosine Similarity for Continuous Control

arXiv:2605.00787v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While representation and similarity learning have improved the sample efficiency of Reinforcement Learning (RL), they are rarely used to shape policy up