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Comparing Data Assimilation and Likelihood-Based Inference on Latent State Estimation in Agent-Based Models

arXiv:2509.17625v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In this paper, we present the first systematic comparison of Data Assimilation (DA) and Likelihood-Based Inference (LBI) in the context of an Agent-

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Local Ai

COMPASS: COmpact Multi-channel Prior-map And Scene Signature for Floor-Plan-Based Visual Localization

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.25388v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Architectural floor plans are widely available priors which contain not only geometry but also the semantic information of the environment, yet existing

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

29 Apr 2026

Compute Aligned Training: Optimizing for Test Time Inference

arXiv:2604.24957v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scaling test-time compute has emerged as a powerful mechanism for enhancing Large Language Model (LLM) performance. However, standard post-training para

Conditional Flow Matching for Probabilistic Downscaling of Maximum 3-day Snowfall in Alaska

arXiv:2604.25172v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Precipitation in complex terrain is governed by orographic processes operating at scales of a few kilometers, yet climate models typically run at reso

Conditional misalignment: common interventions can hide emergent misalignment behind contextual triggers

arXiv:2604.25891v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Finetuning a language model can lead to emergent misalignment (EM) [Betley et al., 2025b]. Models trained on a narrow distribution of misaligned behavio

Contrast-Enhanced Gating in GRUs for Robust Low-Data Sequence Learning

arXiv:2402.09034v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Activation functions govern how recurrent networks regulate and transmit information across temporal dependencies. Despite advances in sequence mode

Tutorials

Contrastive Image-Metadata Pre-Training for Materials Transmission Electron Microscopy

arXiv:2604.24909v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The vast majority of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) data never gets published and ends up on a backup drive until deleted to free up space. Thes

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Agents

Control Your Queries: Heterogeneous Query Interaction for Camera-Radar Fusion

arXiv:2604.25574v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In autonomous driving, camera-radar fusion offers complementary sensing and low deployment cost. Existing methods perform fusion through input mixing, f

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

Agents

Cooperate to Compete: Strategic Coordination in Multi-Agent Conquest

arXiv:2604.25088v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Language Model (LM)-based agents remain largely untested in mixed-motive settings where agents must leverage short-term cooperation for long-term comp

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

CORAL: Adaptive Retrieval Loop for Culturally-Aligned Multilingual RAG

arXiv:2604.25676v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multilingual retrieval-augmented generation (mRAG) is often implemented within a fixed retrieval space, typically via query or document translation or m

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

CoRE: Concept-Reasoning Expansion for Continual Brain Lesion Segmentation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2604.25376v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate brain lesion segmentation in MRI is vital for effective clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Due to high annotation costs and strict data

CoreFlow: Low-Rank Matrix Generative Models

arXiv:2604.24959v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning matrix-valued distributions from high-dimensional and possibly incomplete training data is challenging: ambient-space generative modeling is co

Cornserve: A Distributed Serving System for Any-to-Any Multimodal Models

arXiv:2603.12118v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Any-to-Any models are an emerging class of multimodal models that accept combinations of multimodal data (e.g., text, image, video, audio) as input

CRAFT: Grounded Multi-Agent Coordination Under Partial Information

arXiv:2603.25268v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce CRAFT, a multi-agent benchmark for evaluating pragmatic communication in large language models under strict partial information. In thi

CRC-SAM: SAM-Based Multi-Modal Segmentation and Quantification of Colorectal Cancer in CT, Colonoscopy, and Histology Images

arXiv:2604.24793v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present CRC-SAM, a unified framework for colorectal cancer segmentation across colonoscopy, CT, and histopathology images. Unlike prior single-moda

CroSearch-R1: Better Leveraging Cross-lingual Knowledge for Retrieval-Augmented Generation

arXiv:2604.25182v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A multilingual collection may contain useful knowledge in other languages to supplement and correct the facts in the original language for Retrieval-Aug

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Cross-Lingual Jailbreak Detection via Semantic Codebooks

arXiv:2604.25716v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Safety mechanisms for large language models (LLMs) remain predominantly English-centric, creating systematic vulnerabilities in multilingual deployment.

Curl Descent: Non-Gradient Learning Dynamics with Sign-Diverse Plasticity

arXiv:2510.02765v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Gradient-based algorithms are a cornerstone of artificial neural network training, yet it remains unclear whether biological neural networks use sim

Curriculum-guided multimodal representation learning enables generalizable prediction of nanomaterial-protein interactions

arXiv:2507.14245v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Nanomaterial-protein interactions (NPI) are pivotal to realizing the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of nanomaterials. Although AI promises to

Cutscene Agent: An LLM Agent Framework for Automated 3D Cutscene Generation

arXiv:2604.25318v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cutscenes are carefully choreographed cinematic sequences embedded in video games and interactive media, serving as the primary vehicle for narrative

Data-Driven Hamiltonian Reduction for Superconducting Qubits via Meta-Learning

arXiv:2604.24912v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce HAML (Hamiltonian Adaptation via Meta-Learning), a framework for fast online adaptation of effective Hamiltonian models of superconductin

Applications

DCD: Decomposition-based Causal Discovery from Autocorrelated and Non-Stationary Temporal Data

arXiv:2602.01433v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multivariate time series in domains such as finance, climate science, and healthcare often exhibit long-term trends, seasonal patterns, and short-te

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Tutorials

DDA-Thinker: Decoupled Dual-Atomic Reinforcement Learning for Reasoning-Driven Image Editing

arXiv:2604.25477v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent image editing models have achieved strong visual fidelity but often struggle with tasks requiring complex reasoning. To investigate and enhance t

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Applications

Deflation-Free Optimal Scoring

arXiv:2604.25664v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sparse Optimal Scoring (SOS) reformulates linear discriminant analysis to enable feature selection through elastic net regularization, making it well-

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

DEGround: An Effective Baseline for Ego-centric 3D Visual Grounding with a Homogeneous Framework

arXiv:2506.05199v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: A core task in embodied intelligence is ego-centric 3D visual grounding. Existing methods typically adopt two-stage, heterogeneous pipelines that pa

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

DenseScout: Algorithm-System Co-design for Budgeted Tiny Object Selection on Edge Platforms

arXiv:2604.25300v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deploying tiny object perception on edge platforms is challenging because practical systems must satisfy both strict compute budgets and end-to-end late

Detecting Dental Landmarks from Intraoral 3D Scans: the 3DTeethLand challenge

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2512.08323v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Teeth landmark detection is a key task in modern orthodontics, supporting advanced diagnosis, personalized treatment planning, and effective monitor

DGLight: DQN-Guided GRPO Fine-Tuning of Large Language Models for Traffic Signal Control

arXiv:2604.25259v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Traffic signal control (TSC) plays a central role in reducing congestion and maintaining urban mobility. This dissertation introduces DGLight, a critic-

Agents

Diagnosis, Bad Planning & Reasoning. Treatment, SCOPE -- Planning for Hybrid Querying over Clinical Trial Data

arXiv:2604.25120v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study clinical trial table reasoning, where answers are not directly stored in visible cells but must be reasoned from semantic understanding through

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

DIAL: Decoupling Intent and Action via Latent World Modeling for End-to-End VLA

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2603.29844v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The development of Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models has been significantly accelerated by pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Howeve

Dictionary learning for Kernel EDMD

arXiv:2604.25572v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Studying nonlinear dynamical systems through their state space behavior can be challenging, and one possible alternative is to analyze them via their

DiffAdapt: Difficulty-Adaptive Reasoning for Token-Efficient LLM Inference

arXiv:2510.19669v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent reasoning Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable problem-solving abilities but often generate long thinking traces whose utility

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Tutorials

Diffusion Model for Manifold Data: Score Decomposition, Curvature, and Statistical Complexity

arXiv:2603.20645v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Diffusion models have become a leading framework in generative modeling, yet their theoretical understanding -- especially for high-dimensional data

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Digitizing Nepal's Written Heritage: A Comprehensive HTR Pipeline for Old Nepali Manuscripts

arXiv:2512.17111v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper presents the first end-to-end pipeline for Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) for Old Nepali, a historically significant but low-resource

DiRe-RAPIDS: Topology-faithful dimensionality reduction at scale

arXiv:2604.25209v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dimensionality reduction methods such as UMAP and t-SNE are central tools for visualising high-dimensional data, but their local-neighborhood objectives

DiscreteRTC: Discrete Diffusion Policies are Natural Asynchronous Executors

arXiv:2604.25050v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Unlike chatbots, physical AI must act while the world keeps evolving. Therefore, the inter-chunk pause of synchronous executors are fatal for dynamic ta

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Diverse Image Priors for Black-box Data-free Knowledge Distillation

arXiv:2604.25794v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Knowledge distillation (KD) represents a vital mechanism to transfer expertise from complex teacher networks to efficient student models. However, in

Do LLMs Capture Embodied Cognition and Cultural Variation? Cross-Linguistic Evidence from Demonstratives

arXiv:2604.25423v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Do large language models (LLMs) truly acquire embodied cognition and cultural conventions from text? We introduce demonstratives, fundamental spatial ex

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Doing More With Less: Revisiting the Effectiveness of LLM Pruning for Test-Time Scaling

arXiv:2604.25098v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While current Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable reasoning capabilities through test-time compute scaling (TTS), their massive parameter

Dont Stop Early: Scalable Enterprise Deep Research with Controlled Information Flow and Evidence-Aware Termination

arXiv:2604.24978v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Enterprise deep research often fails to produce decision-ready reports due to uneven information coverage, context explosion, and premature stopping. We

Local Ai

DouC: Dual-Branch CLIP for Training-Free Open-Vocabulary Segmentation

arXiv:2604.24997v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Open-vocabulary semantic segmentation requires assigning pixel-level semantic labels while supporting an open and unrestricted set of categories. Traini

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

DRAGON: A Benchmark for Evidence-Grounded Visual Reasoning over Diagrams

arXiv:2604.25231v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Diagram question answering (DQA) requires models to interpret structured visual representations such as charts, maps, infographics, circuit schematics

Applications

Drivetrain simulation using variational autoencoders

arXiv:2501.17653v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This work proposes variational autoencoders (VAEs) to predict a vehicle's jerk signals from torque demand in the context of limited real-world drive

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Local Ai

Dual-Track CoT: Budget-Aware Stepwise Guidance for Small LMs

arXiv:2604.25039v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) solve many reasoning tasks via chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting, but smaller models (about 7 to 8B parameters) still strugg

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

DualGeo: A Dual-View Framework for Worldwide Image Geo-localization

arXiv:2604.25533v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Worldwide image geo-localization aims to infer the geographic location of an image captured anywhere on Earth, spanning street, city, regional, national

DV-World: Benchmarking Data Visualization Agents in Real-World Scenarios

arXiv:2604.25914v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-world data visualization (DV) requires native environmental grounding, cross-platform evolution, and proactive intent alignment. Yet, existing benc

Dyna-Style Safety Augmented Reinforcement Learning: Staying Safe in the Face of Uncertainty

arXiv:2604.25508v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Safety remains an open problem in reinforcement learning (RL), especially during training. While safety filters are promising to address safe exploratio

Local Ai

Dynamic Decision Learning: Test-Time Evolution for Abnormality Grounding in Rare Diseases

arXiv:2604.24972v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Clinical abnormality grounding for rare diseases is often hindered by data scarcity, making supervised fine-tuning impractical and single-pass inference

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl