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Continual Safety Alignment via Gradient-Based Sample Selection

arXiv:2604.17215v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models require continuous adaptation to new tasks while preserving safety alignment. However, fine-tuning on even benign data often compr

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Continuous ageing trajectory representations for knee-aware lifetime prediction of lithium-ion batteries across heterogeneous dataset

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.16580v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate assessment of lithium-ion battery ageing is challenged by cell-to-cell variability, heterogeneous cycling protocols, and limited transferabilit

researcharxiv-cs-lg

21 Apr 2026

Continuous Focus Groups: A Longitudinal Method for Clinical HRI in Autism Care

arXiv:2604.18197v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Qualitative methods are important to use alongside quantitative methods to improve Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), yet they are often applied in static

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Continuous Limits of Coupled Flows in Representation Learning

arXiv:2604.16801v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While modern representation learning relies heavily on global error signals, decentralized algorithms driven by local interactions offer a fundamental d

Contraction and Hourglass Persistence for Learning on Graphs, Simplices, and Cells

arXiv:2604.17548v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Persistent homology (PH) encodes global information, such as cycles, and is thus increasingly integrated into graph neural networks (GNNs). PH methods i

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Contrastive Analysis of Linguistic Representations in Large Language Model Outputs through Structured Synthetic Data Generation and Abstracted N-gram Associations

arXiv:2604.17398v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present a methodological framework to discover linguistic and discursive patterns associated to different social groups through contrastive synthetic

Contrastive Attribution in the Wild: An Interpretability Analysis of LLM Failures on Realistic Benchmarks

arXiv:2604.17761v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Interpretability tools are increasingly used to analyze failures of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet prior work largely focuses on short prompts or t

Tutorials

ControlAudio: Tackling Text-Guided, Timing-Indicated and Intelligible Audio Generation via Progressive Diffusion Modeling

arXiv:2510.08878v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Text-to-audio (TTA) generation with fine-grained control signals, e.g., precise timing control or intelligible speech content, has been explor

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cl

Convergence theory for Hermite approximations under adaptive coordinate transformations

arXiv:2604.16975v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent work has shown that parameterizing and optimizing coordinate transformations using normalizing flows, i.e., invertible neural networks, can sig

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Cooperative Coevolution versus Monolithic Evolutionary Search for Semi-Supervised Tabular Classification

arXiv:2604.16412v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper studies semi-supervised tabular classification in the extreme low-label regime using lightweight base learners. The paper proposes a cooper

Hardware

Copy-as-Decode: Grammar-Constrained Parallel Prefill for LLM Editing

arXiv:2604.18170v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLMs edit text and code by autoregressively regenerating the full output, even when most tokens appear verbatim in the input. We study Copy-as-Decode, a

hardwarearxiv-cs-cl

Copy First, Translate Later: Interpreting Translation Dynamics in Multilingual Pretraining

arXiv:2604.17633v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models exhibit impressive cross-lingual capabilities. However, prior work analyzes this phenomenon through isolated factors and at sparse

CORP: A Multi-Modal Dataset for Campus-Oriented Roadside Perception Tasks

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2404.03191v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Numerous roadside perception datasets have been introduced to propel advancements in autonomous driving and intelligent transportation systems resea

Correction and Corruption: A Two-Rate View of Error Flow in LLM Protocols

arXiv:2604.18245v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models are increasingly deployed as protocols: structured multi-call procedures that spend additional computation to transform a baseline

COSEARCH: Joint Training of Reasoning and Document Ranking via Reinforcement Learning for Agentic Search

arXiv:2604.17555v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agentic search -- the task of training agents that iteratively reason, issue queries, and synthesize retrieved information to answer complex questions

Countdown-Code: A Testbed for Studying The Emergence and Generalization of Reward Hacking in RLVR

arXiv:2603.07084v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reward hacking is a form of misalignment in which models overoptimize proxy rewards without genuinely solving the underlying task. Precisely m

Counterfactual Modeling with Fine-Tuned LLMs for Health Intervention Design and Sensor Data Augmentation

arXiv:2601.14590v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Counterfactual explanations (CFEs) provide human-centric interpretability by identifying the minimal, actionable changes required to alter a machine

Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling in Small-Sample Settings with p>n

arXiv:2604.16894v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Factor-based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) relies on likelihood-based estimation assuming a nonsingular sample covariance matrix, which breaks down

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Creating ConLangs to Probe the Metalinguistic Grammatical Knowledge of LLMs

arXiv:2510.07591v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We present a system that uses LLMs as a tool in the development of Constructed Languages -- ConLangs, which we call IASC (Interactive Agentic System

CreditDecoding: Accelerating Parallel Decoding in Diffusion Large Language Models with Trace Credit

arXiv:2510.06133v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) generate text through iterative denoising. In commonly adopted parallel decoding schemes, each step confirms

CRISP: Compressing Redundancy in Chain-of-Thought via Intrinsic Saliency Pruning

arXiv:2604.17297v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning is pivotal for the success of recent reasoning models but suffers from high computational overhead and latency. Wh

CROC: Evaluating and Training T2I Metrics with Pseudo- and Human-Labeled Contrastive Robustness Checks

arXiv:2505.11314v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The assessment of evaluation metrics (meta-evaluation) is crucial for determining the suitability of existing metrics in text-to-image (T2I) g

Cross-Family Speculative Decoding for Polish Language Models on Apple~Silicon: An Empirical Evaluation of Bielik~11B with UAG-Extended MLX-LM

arXiv:2604.16368v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Speculative decoding accelerates LLM inference by using a small draft model to propose k candidate tokens for a target model to verify. While effective

Cross-Modal Attention Analysis and Optimization in Vision-Language Models: A Study on Visual Reliability

arXiv:2604.17217v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) achieve strong cross-modal performance, yet recent evidence suggests they over-rely on textual descriptions while under-ut

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Cross-Modal Bayesian Low-Rank Adaptation for Uncertainty-Aware Multimodal Learning

arXiv:2604.16657v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large pre-trained language models are increasingly adapted to downstream tasks using parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT), but existing PEFT methods a

Tutorials

Cross-Modal Generation: From Commodity WiFi to High-Fidelity mmWave and RFID Sensing

arXiv:2604.16558v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AIGC has shown remarkable success in CV and NLP, and has recently demonstrated promising potential in the wireless domain. However, significant data imb

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

CrossFlowDG: Bridging the Modality Gap with Cross-modal Flow Matching for Domain Generalization

arXiv:2604.16892v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Domain generalization (DG) aims to maintain performance under domain shift, which in computer vision appears primarily as stylistic variations that caus

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Crowded in B-Space: Calibrating Shared Directions for LoRA Merging

arXiv:2604.16826v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Merging separately trained LoRA adapters is a practical alternative to joint multi-task training, but it often hurts performance. Existing methods usual

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

CSF: Black-box Fingerprinting via Compositional Semantics for Text-to-Image Models

arXiv:2604.16363v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Text-to-image models are commercially valuable assets often distributed under restrictive licenses, but such licenses are enforceable only when violat

researcharxiv-cs-cv

CT Open: An Open-Access, Uncontaminated, Live Platform for the Open Challenge of Clinical Trial Outcome Prediction

arXiv:2604.16742v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Scientists have long sought to accurately predict outcomes of real-world events before they happen. Can AI systems do so more reliably? We study this

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Culinary Crossroads: A RAG Framework for Enhancing Diversity in Cross-Cultural Recipe Adaptation

arXiv:2507.21934v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In cross-cultural recipe adaptation, the goal is not only to ensure cultural appropriateness and retain the original dish's essence, but also to pro

Culture-Aware Humorous Captioning: Multimodal Humor Generation across Cultural Contexts

arXiv:2604.18091v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent multimodal large language models have shown promising ability in generating humorous captions for images, yet they still lack stable control over

CWT-Enhanced Vibration Sensing With Spatial Fault Localization Using YOLO

arXiv:2509.03070v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This letter presents a CWT-enhanced vibration sensing framework for bearing fault monitoring through spatial localization on time-frequency sp

researcharxiv-cs-cv

D-Prism: Differentiable Primitives for Structured Dynamic Modeling

arXiv:2604.17082v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Capturing both geometry and rigid motion for structured dynamic objects, like multi-part assemblies or jointed mechanisms, remains a key challenge. Exis

researcharxiv-cs-cv

D-QRELO: Training- and Data-Free Delta Compression for Large Language Models via Quantization and Residual Low-Rank Approximation

arXiv:2604.16940v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) accelerates taskspecific large language models (LLMs) development, but the resulting proliferation of finetuned models incu

Tutorials

DAG-STL: A Hierarchical Framework for Zero-Shot Trajectory Planning under Signal Temporal Logic Specifications

arXiv:2604.18343v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a powerful language for specifying temporally structured robotic tasks. Planning executable trajectories under STL constr

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ro

DARLING: Detection Augmented Reinforcement Learning with Non-Stationary Guarantees

arXiv:2604.16684v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study model-free reinforcement learning (RL) in non-stationary finite-horizon episodic Markov decision processes (MDPs) without prior knowledge of th

researcharxiv-cs-lg

DART: Learning-Enhanced Model Predictive Control for Dual-Arm Non-Prehensile Manipulation

arXiv:2604.17833v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: What appears effortless to a human waiter remains a major challenge for robots. Manipulating objects nonprehensilely on a tray is inherently difficult,

researcharxiv-cs-ro

DART: Mitigating Harm Drift in Difference-Aware LLMs via Distill-Audit-Repair Training

arXiv:2604.16845v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) tuned for safety often avoid acknowledging demographic differences, even when such acknowledgment is factually correct (e.g

Data Compressibility Quantifies LLM Memorization

arXiv:2507.06056v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to memorize portions of their training data, sometimes even reproduce content verbatim when prompted appropri

Data Mixing for Large Language Models Pretraining: A Survey and Outlook

arXiv:2604.16380v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) rely on pretraining on massive and heterogeneous corpora, where training data composition has a decisive impact on training

Debate as Reward: A Multi-Agent Reward System for Scientific Ideation via RL Post-Training

arXiv:2604.16723v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in automating scientific ideation, yet current approaches relying on iterative prompting or c

Local Ai

Decision-Aware Attention Propagation for Vision Transformer Explainability

arXiv:2604.18094v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision Transformers (ViTs) have become a dominant architecture in computer vision, yet their prediction process remains difficult to interpret because i

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Decisive: Guiding User Decisions with Optimal Preference Elicitation from Unstructured Documents

arXiv:2604.18122v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Decision-making is a cognitively intensive task that requires synthesizing relevant information from multiple unstructured sources, weighing competing f

Decoding AI Tutor Effects for Educational Measurement: Temporal, Multi-Outcome, and Behavior-Cognitive Analysis

arXiv:2604.16366v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) tutors have become increasingly popular in learning environments. In this study, we propose an AI agent prototype framewo

Decoding RWA Tokenized U.S. Treasuries: Functional Dissection and Address Role Inference

arXiv:2507.14808v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Tokenized U.S. Treasuries have emerged as a prominent subclass of real-world assets (RWAs), offering cryptographically secured, yield-bearing

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Decomposing the Depth Profile of Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2604.17177v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Fine-tuning adapts pretrained networks to new objectives. Whether the resulting depth profile of representational change reflects an intrinsic property

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Decoupling the Effect of Chain-of-Thought Reasoning: A Human Label Variation Perspective

arXiv:2601.03154v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reasoning-tuned LLMs utilizing long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) excel at single-answer tasks, yet their ability to model Human Label Variation--which req