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arXiv:2604.16817v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Imbalanced data is commonly present in real-world applications. While data synthesis can effectively mitigate the data scarcity problem of rare-classes,

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

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Self-Supervised Super-Resolution for Sentinel-5P Hyperspectral Images

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.17652v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sentinel-5P (S5P) plays a critical role in atmospheric monitoring; however, its spatial resolution limits fine-scale analysis. Existing super-resolution

researcharxiv-cs-cv

21 Apr 2026

Semantic-based Distributed Learning for Diverse and Discriminative Representations

arXiv:2604.18237v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In large-scale distributed scenarios, increasingly complex tasks demand more intelligent collaboration across networks, requiring the joint extraction o

Semantic Density Effect (SDE): Maximizing Information Per Token Improves LLM Accuracy

arXiv:2604.17659v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce the Semantic Density Effect (SDE): the empirical finding that prompts carrying higher semantic information per token consistently produce m

Semantic Step Prediction: Multi-Step Latent Forecasting in LLM Reasoning Trajectories via Step Sampling

arXiv:2604.18464v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Semantic Tube Prediction (STP) leverages representation geometric to regularize LLM hidden-state trajectories toward locally linear geodesics during fin

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Semantically Stable Image Composition Analysisvia Saliency and Gradient Vector Flow Fusion

arXiv:2604.16500v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The reliable computational assessment of photographic composition requires features that are discriminative of spatial layout yet robust to semantic con

SemLT3D: Semantic-Guided Expert Distillation for Camera-only Long-Tailed 3D Object Detection

arXiv:2604.18476v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Camera-only 3D object detection has emerged as a cost-effective and scalable alternative to LiDAR for autonomous driving, yet existing methods primarily

SemMorph3D: Unsupervised Semantic-Aware 3D Morphing via Mesh-Guided Gaussians

arXiv:2510.02034v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce METHODNAME, a novel framework for semantic-aware 3D shape and texture morphing directly from multi-view images. While 3D Gaussian Splat

Sense and Sensitivity: Examining the Influence of Semantic Recall on Long Context Code Reasoning

arXiv:2505.13353v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed for understanding large codebases, but whether they understand operational semantics of long

Agents

Sensorimotor Self-Recognition in Multimodal Large Language Model-Driven Robots

arXiv:2505.19237v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Self-recognition -- the ability to maintain an internal representation of one's own body within the environment -- underpins intelligent, auto

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

SentiAvatar: Towards Expressive and Interactive Digital Humans

arXiv:2604.02908v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We present SentiAvatar, a framework for building expressive interactive 3D digital humans, and use it to create SuSu, a virtual character that speak

Agents

SERM: Self-Evolving Relevance Model with Agent-Driven Learning from Massive Query Streams

arXiv:2601.09515v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Due to the dynamically evolving nature of real-world query streams, relevance models struggle to generalize to practical search scenarios. A sophist

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Sessa: Selective State Space Attention

arXiv:2604.18580v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern sequence models are dominated by Transformers, where self-attention mixes information from the visible context in an input-dependent way. Howev

SetFlow: Generating Structured Sets of Representations for Multiple Instance Learning

arXiv:2604.16362v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Data scarcity and weak supervision continue to limit the performance of machine learning models in many real-world applications, such as mammography,

SFTMix: Elevating Language Model Instruction Tuning with Mixup Recipe

arXiv:2410.05248v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: To acquire instruction-following capabilities, large language models (LLMs) undergo instruction tuning, where they are trained on instruction-respon

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Sharpening Lightweight Models for Generalized Polyp Segmentation: A Boundary Guided Distillation from Foundation Models

arXiv:2604.17865v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automated polyp segmentation is critical for early colorectal cancer detection and its prevention, yet remains challenging due to weak boundaries, large

Shepherding UAV Swarm with Action Prediction Based on Movement Constraints

arXiv:2604.17189v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this study, we propose a new sheepdog-inspired control method for a swarm of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which predicts the swarm behavior

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Shifting the Gradient: Understanding How Defensive Training Methods Protect Language Model Integrity

arXiv:2604.16423v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Defensive training methods such as positive preventative steering (PPS) and inoculation prompting (IP) offer surprising results through seemingly simila

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

SHRUG-FM: Reliability-Aware Foundation Models for Earth Observation

arXiv:2511.10370v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Geospatial foundation models (GFMs) for Earth observation often fail to perform reliably in environments underrepresented during pretraining. We int

SIF: Semantically In-Distribution Fingerprints for Large Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2604.17041v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The public accessibility of large vision-language models (LVLMs) raises serious concerns about unauthorized model reuse and intellectual property infrin

SigGate-GT: Taming Over-Smoothing in Graph Transformers via Sigmoid-Gated Attention

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.17324v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph transformers achieve strong results on molecular and long-range reasoning tasks, yet remain hampered by over-smoothing (the progressive collapse o

SIGMA: A Semantic-Grounded Instruction-Driven Generative Multi-Task Recommender at AliExpress

arXiv:2602.22913v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: With the rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs), generative recommendation is gradually reshaping the paradigm of recommender systems

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

SignDPO: Multi-level Direct Preference Optimisation for Skeleton-based Gloss-free Sign Language Translation

arXiv:2604.18034v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present SignDPO, a novel multi-level Direct Preference Optimisation (DPO) framework designed to enhance the alignment of skeleton-based Sign Language

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Singularity Formation: Synergy in Theoretical, Numerical and Machine Learning Approaches

arXiv:2604.16842v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This thesis develops numerical and theoretical approaches for understanding and analyzing singularity formation in Partial Differential Equations (PDE

SinkRouter: Sink-Aware Routing for Efficient Long-Context Decoding in Large Language and Multimodal Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.16883v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In long-context decoding for LLMs and LMMs, attention becomes increasingly memory-bound because each decoding step must load a large amount of KV-cache

Agents

SkillX: Automatically Constructing Skill Knowledge Bases for Agents

arXiv:2604.04804v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Learning from experience is critical for building capable large language model (LLM) agents, yet prevailing self-evolving paradigms remain inefficie

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Sky2Ground: A Benchmark for Site Modeling under Varying Altitude

arXiv:2603.13740v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce Sky2Ground, a three-view dataset designed for varying altitude camera localization, correspondence learning, and reconstruction. The da

Hardware

SLO-Guard: Crash-Aware, Budget-Consistent Autotuning for SLO-Constrained LLM Serving

arXiv:2604.17627v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Serving large language models under latency service-level objectives (SLOs) is a configuration-heavy systems problem with an unusually failure-prone sea

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

SMILE-UHURA Challenge -- Small Vessel Segmentation at Mesoscopic Scale from Ultra-High Resolution 7T Magnetic Resonance Angiograms

arXiv:2411.09593v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The human brain receives nutrients and oxygen through an intricate network of blood vessels. Pathology affecting small vessels, at the mesosco

SmoGVLM: A Small, Graph-enhanced Vision-Language Model

arXiv:2604.16517v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large vision-language models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on multimodal tasks but often suffer from hallucination and poor grounding in knowledge

Sobolev Gradient Ascent for Optimal Transport: Barycenter Optimization and Convergence Analysis

arXiv:2505.13660v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper introduces a new constraint-free concave dual formulation for the Wasserstein barycenter. Tailoring the vanilla dual gradient ascen

Soft Label Pruning and Quantization for Large-Scale Dataset Distillation

arXiv:2604.18135v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large-scale dataset distillation requires storing auxiliary soft labels that can be 30-40x larger on ImageNet-1K and 200x larger on ImageNet-21K than th

Sonata: A Hybrid World Model for Inertial Kinematics under Clinical Data Scarcity

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.18058v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce Sonata, a compact latent world model for six-axis trunk IMU representation learning under clinical data scarcity. Clinical cohorts typicall

Source-Free Domain Adaptation with Vision-Language Prior

arXiv:2604.17748v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Source-Free Domain Adaptation (SFDA) seeks to adapt a source model, which is pre-trained on a supervised source domain, for a target domain, with only a

SpaceDex: Generalizable Dexterous Grasping in Tiered Workspaces

arXiv:2604.17888v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generalizable grasping with high-degree-of-freedom (DoF) dexterous hands remains challenging in tiered workspaces, where occlusion, narrow clearances, a

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

SparrowSNN: A Hardware/software Co-design for Energy Efficient ECG Classification

arXiv:2406.06543v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Deep learning has driven significant technological advancements, but its high energy consumption limits its use on battery-operated edge devic

(Sparse) Attention to the Details: Preserving Spectral Fidelity in ML-based Weather Forecasting Models

arXiv:2604.16429v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce Mosaic, a probabilistic weather forecasting model that addresses two principal sources of spectral degradation in ML-based weather predic

Sparse Feature Coactivation Reveals Causal Semantic Modules in Large Language Models

arXiv:2506.18141v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We identify semantically coherent, context-consistent network components in large language models (LLMs) using coactivation of sparse autoencoder (S

SPaRSe-TIME: Saliency-Projected Low-Rank Temporal Modeling for Efficient and Interpretable Time Series Prediction

arXiv:2604.17350v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Time series forecasting is traditionally dominated by sequence-based architectures such as recurrent neural networks and attention mechanisms, which p

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Spatial-Regularization-Aware Dual-Branch Collaborative Inference for Training-Free OVSS in Remote Sensing Imagery

arXiv:2601.21159v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: High-resolution remote sensing images contain densely distributed objects with pronounced scale variations and complex boundaries, which impose high

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

SpatialImaginer: Towards Adaptive Visual Imagination for Spatial Reasoning

arXiv:2604.17385v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Spatial intelligence, which refers to the ability to reason about geometric and physical structure from visual observations, remains a core challenge fo

SpatialStack: Layered Geometry-Language Fusion for 3D VLM Spatial Reasoning

arXiv:2603.27437v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large vision-language models (VLMs) still struggle with reliable 3D spatial reasoning, a core capability for embodied and physical AI systems. This

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Spatiotemporal Sycophancy: Negation-Based Gaslighting in Video Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.17873v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Video Large Language Models (Vid-LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in video understanding tasks, yet their robustness under conversational

SpeakerSleuth: Can Large Audio-Language Models Judge Speaker Consistency across Multi-turn Dialogues?

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2601.04029v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) as judges have emerged as a prominent approach for evaluating speech generation quality, yet their ability to as

Spec-o3: A Tool-Augmented Vision-Language Agent for Rare Celestial Object Candidate Vetting via Automated Spectral Inspection

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2601.06498v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Due to the limited generalization and interpretability of deep learning classifiers, The final vetting of rare celestial object candidates still rel

Spectral bandits for smooth graph functions

arXiv:2604.18420v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Smooth functions on graphs have wide applications in manifold and semi-supervised learning. In this paper, we study a bandit problem where the payoffs

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Spectral Forensics of Diffusion Attention Graphs for Copy-Move Forgery Detection

arXiv:2604.17287v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Copy-move forgery, where a region within an image is duplicated to hide or fabricate content, remains a persistent threat to visual media integrity. We

Speculative Decoding for Autoregressive Video Generation

arXiv:2604.17397v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autoregressive video diffusion is emerging as a promising paradigm for streaming video synthesis, with step distillation serving as the primary means of