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Budget-Aware Uncertainty for Radiotherapy Segmentation QA Using nnU-Net

arXiv:2604.11798v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accurate delineation of the Clinical Target Volume (CTV) is essential for radiotherapy planning, yet remains time-consuming and difficult to assess, e

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Byte-level generative predictions for forensics multimedia carving

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.11010v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Digital forensic investigations often face significant challenges when recovering fragmented multimedia files that lack file system metadata. While trad

researcharxiv-cs-cv

14 Apr 2026

Byzantine-Robust Distributed SGD: A Unified Analysis and Tight Error Bounds

arXiv:2604.10179v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Byzantine-robust distributed optimization relies on robust aggregation rules to mitigate the influence of malicious Byzantine workers. Despite the pro

C-ReD: A Comprehensive Chinese Benchmark for AI-Generated Text Detection Derived from Real-World Prompts

arXiv:2604.11796v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recently, large language models (LLMs) are capable of generating highly fluent textual content. While they offer significant convenience to humans, th

C2F-Thinker: Coarse-to-Fine Reasoning with Hint-Guided Reinforcement Learning for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis

arXiv:2604.00013v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Multimodal sentiment analysis aims to integrate textual, acoustic, and visual information for deep emotional understanding. Despite the progre

CableTract: A Co-Designed Cable-Driven Field Robot for Low-Compaction, Off-Grid Capable Agriculture

arXiv:2604.09938v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Conventional field operations spend most of their energy moving the tractor body, not the implement. Yet feasibility studies for novel agricultural ve

CAGE: Bridging the Accuracy-Aesthetics Gap in Educational Diagrams via Code-Anchored Generative Enhancement

arXiv:2604.09691v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Educational diagrams -- labeled illustrations of biological processes, chemical structures, physical systems, and mathematical concepts -- are essenti

researcharxiv-cs-ai

CAGenMol: Condition-Aware Diffusion Language Model for Goal-Directed Molecular Generation

arXiv:2604.11483v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Goal-directed molecular generation requires satisfying heterogeneous constraints such as protein--ligand compatibility and multi-objective drug-like pro

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Calibration Collapse Under Sycophancy Fine-Tuning: How Reward Hacking Breaks Uncertainty Quantification in LLMs

arXiv:2604.10585v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern large language models (LLMs) are increasingly fine-tuned via reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) or related reward optimisation s

Camyla: Scaling Autonomous Research in Medical Image Segmentation

arXiv:2604.10696v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present Camyla, a system for fully autonomous research within the scientific domain of medical image segmentation. Camyla transforms raw datasets int

Can Large Language Models Infer Causal Relationships from Real-World Text?

arXiv:2505.18931v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Understanding and inferring causal relationships from texts is a core aspect of human cognition and is essential for advancing large language models

Hardware

Can LLMs Reason About Attention? Towards Zero-Shot Analysis of Multimodal Classroom Behavior

arXiv:2604.03401v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Understanding student engagement usually requires time-consuming manual observation or invasive recording that raises privacy concerns. We pre

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

Can Multi-Modal LLMs Provide Live Step-by-Step Task Guidance?

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2511.21998v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multi-modal Large Language Models (LLM) have advanced conversational abilities but struggle with providing live, interactive step-by-step guidance,

Can Small Training Runs Reliably Guide Data Curation? Rethinking Proxy-Model Practice

arXiv:2512.24503v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Data teams at frontier AI companies routinely train small proxy models to make critical decisions about pretraining data recipes for full-scal

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Can Textual Reasoning Improve the Performance of MLLMs on Fine-grained Visual Classification?

arXiv:2601.06993v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) exhibit strong general-purpose capabilities, yet still struggle on Fine-Grained Visual Classification (FGV

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

CapBench: A Multi-PDK Dataset for Machine-Learning-Based Post-Layout Capacitance Extraction

arXiv:2604.11202v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present CapBench, a fully reproducible, multi-PDK dataset for capacitance extraction. The dataset is derived from open-source designs, including si

CapyMOA: Efficient Machine Learning for Data Streams and Online Continual Learning in Python

arXiv:2502.07432v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: CapyMOA is an open-source Python library for efficient machine learning on data streams and online continual learning. It provides a structured fram

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

CARE-ECG: Causal Agent-based Reasoning for Explainable and Counterfactual ECG Interpretation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.10420v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) enable waveform-to-text ECG interpretation and interactive clinical questioning, yet most ECG-LLM systems still rely on wea

CARINOX: Inference-time Scaling with Category-Aware Reward-based Initial Noise Optimization and Exploration

arXiv:2509.17458v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Text-to-image diffusion models, such as Stable Diffusion, can produce high-quality and diverse images but often fail to achieve compositional

CARO: Chain-of-Analogy Reasoning Optimization for Robust Content Moderation

arXiv:2604.10504v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current large language models (LLMs), even those explicitly trained for reasoning, often struggle with ambiguous content moderation cases due to mislead

CArtBench: Evaluating Vision-Language Models on Chinese Art Understanding, Interpretation, and Authenticity

arXiv:2604.11632v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce CARTBENCH, a museum-grounded benchmark for evaluating vision-language models (VLMs) on Chinese artworks beyond short-form recognition and Q

Hardware

CASK: Core-Aware Selective KV Compression for Reasoning Traces

arXiv:2604.10900v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In large language models performing long-form reasoning, the KV cache grows rapidly with decode length, creating bottlenecks in memory and inference sta

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

Catalog-Native LLM: Speaking Item-ID Dialect with Less Entanglement for Recommendation

arXiv:2510.05125v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: While collaborative filtering delivers predictive accuracy and efficiency, and Large Language Models (LLMs) enable expressive and generalizable reas

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Catalyst: Out-of-Distribution Detection via Elastic Scaling

arXiv:2602.02409v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is critical for the safe deployment of deep neural networks. State-of-the-art post-hoc methods typically derive

researcharxiv-cs-cv

CausalGaze: Unveiling Hallucinations via Counterfactual Graph Intervention in Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.11087v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite the groundbreaking advancements made by large language models (LLMs), hallucination remains a critical bottleneck for their deployment in high-s

Causally Sufficient and Necessary Feature Expansion for Class-Incremental Learning

arXiv:2603.09145v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Current expansion-based methods for Class Incremental Learning (CIL) effectively mitigate catastrophic forgetting by freezing old features. Ho

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

CDPR: Cross-modal Diffusion with Polarization for Reliable Monocular Depth Estimation

arXiv:2604.11097v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Monocular depth estimation is a fundamental yet challenging task in computer vision, especially under complex conditions such as textureless surfaces, t

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

CFMS: A Coarse-to-Fine Multimodal Synthesis Framework for Enhanced Tabular Reasoning

arXiv:2604.10973v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reasoning over tabular data is a crucial capability for tasks like question answering and fact verification, as it requires models to comprehend both fr

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

CHAIRO: Contextual Hierarchical Analogical Induction and Reasoning Optimization for LLMs

arXiv:2604.10502v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Content moderation in online platforms faces persistent challenges due to the evolving complexity of user-generated content and the limitations of tradi

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Challenging the Boundaries of Reasoning: An Olympiad-Level Math Benchmark for Large Language Models

arXiv:2503.21380v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The rapid advancement of large reasoning models has saturated existing math benchmarks, underscoring the urgent need for more challenging evaluation

Hardware

Characterizing Performance-Energy Trade-offs of Large Language Models in Multi-Request Workflows

arXiv:2604.09611v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in applications forming multi-request workflows like document summarization, search-based copilots,

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

ChatCLIDS: Simulating Persuasive AI Dialogues to Promote Closed-Loop Insulin Adoption in Type 1 Diabetes Care

arXiv:2509.00891v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Real-world adoption of closed-loop insulin delivery systems (CLIDS) in type 1 diabetes remains low, driven not by technical failure, but by diverse

Agents

ChatInject: Abusing Chat Templates for Prompt Injection in LLM Agents

arXiv:2509.22830v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The growing deployment of large language model (LLM) based agents that interact with external environments has created new attack surfaces for adver

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

CheeseBench: Evaluating Large Language Models on Rodent Behavioral Neuroscience Paradigms

arXiv:2604.10825v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce CheeseBench, a benchmark that evaluates large language models (LLMs) on nine classical behavioral neuroscience paradigms (Morris water maze

ChemPro: A Progressive Chemistry Benchmark for Large Language Models

arXiv:2602.03108v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce ChemPro, a progressive benchmark with 4100 natural language question-answer pairs in Chemistry, across 4 coherent sections of difficult

Choose Your Battles: Distributed Learning Over Multiple Tug of War Games

arXiv:2509.20147v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Consider N players and K games taking place simultaneously. Each of these games is modeled as a Tug-of-War (ToW) game where increasing the act

CID-TKG: Collaborative Historical Invariance and Evolutionary Dynamics Learning for Temporal Knowledge Graph Reasoning

arXiv:2604.09600v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Temporal knowledge graph (TKG) reasoning aims to infer future facts at unseen timestamps from temporally evolving entities and relations. Despite recent

CircuitSynth: Reliable Synthetic Data Generation

arXiv:2604.10114v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The generation of high-fidelity synthetic data is a cornerstone of modern machine learning, yet Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently suffer from ha

researcharxiv-cs-ai

City-Wide Low-Altitude Urban Air Mobility: A Scalable Global Path Planning Approach via Risk-Aware Multi-Scale Cell Decomposition

arXiv:2408.02786v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The realization of Urban Air Mobility (UAM) necessitates scalable global path planning algorithms capable of ensuring safe navigation within complex

researcharxiv-cs-ro

CityGuard: Graph-Aware Private Descriptors for Bias-Resilient Identity Search Across Urban Cameras

arXiv:2602.18047v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: City-scale person re-identification across distributed cameras must handle severe appearance changes from viewpoint, occlusion, and domain shift whi

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Claim2Vec: Embedding Fact-Check Claims for Multilingual Similarity and Clustering

arXiv:2604.09812v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recurrent claims present a major challenge for automated fact-checking systems designed to combat misinformation, especially in multilingual settings. W

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

ClaimDB: A Fact Verification Benchmark over Large Structured Data

arXiv:2601.14698v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Real-world fact-checking often involves verifying claims grounded in structured data at scale. Despite substantial progress in fact-verification ben

CLASP: Closed-loop Asynchronous Spatial Perception for Open-vocabulary Desktop Object Grasping

arXiv:2604.11320v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Robot grasping of desktop object is widely used in intelligent manufacturing, logistics, and agriculture.Although vision-language models (VLMs) show str

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

Class-Adaptive Cooperative Perception for Multi-Class LiDAR-based 3D Object Detection in V2X Systems

arXiv:2604.10305v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cooperative perception allows connected vehicles and roadside infrastructure to share sensor observations, creating a fused scene representation beyon

CLAW: Composable Language-Annotated Whole-body Motion Generation

arXiv:2604.11251v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Training language-conditioned whole-body controllers for humanoid robots requires large-scale datasets pairing motion trajectories with natural-language

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Local Ai

ClawGuard: A Runtime Security Framework for Tool-Augmented LLM Agents Against Indirect Prompt Injection

arXiv:2604.11790v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Tool-augmented Large Language Model (LLM) agents have demonstrated impressive capabilities in automating complex, multi-step real-world tasks, yet rem

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Agents

ClawGUI: A Unified Framework for Training, Evaluating, and Deploying GUI Agents

arXiv:2604.11784v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: GUI agents drive applications through their visual interfaces instead of programmatic APIs, interacting with arbitrary software via taps, swipes, and

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

ClawVM: Harness-Managed Virtual Memory for Stateful Tool-Using LLM Agents

arXiv:2604.10352v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Stateful tool-using LLM agents treat the context window as working memory, yet today's agent harnesses manage residency and durability as best-effort, c