Search: “reasoning”

Emergent phases of superposition: from partial to full representation

arXiv:2609.36455v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models are thought to represent features by vectors in a hidden space of dimension given by the model's width. Superposition, in which mo

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Explore, Execute, Evolve: A Skill Acquisition and Reuse Loop for Embodied Agents

DGX agent

arXiv:2609.37810v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language-action and world-action models have demonstrated impressive capabilities in robotics, yet generalization to unseen tasks remains chall

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

30 Sept 2026

Gondola: Grounded Vision Language Planning for Robotic Manipulation

arXiv:2506.11261v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Vision-language-action (VLA) models have shown promising progress in robotic manipulation. However, directly mapping visual observations and l

Interactive-Policy Distillation with Bidirectional Propose-and-Verify

arXiv:2609.36546v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: On-policy distillation (OPD) trains a student model on its self-generated trajectories with dense token-level teacher feedback. However, naive OPD may

Interpolated Policy Distillation: A Controllable Continuum Between Off-Policy and On-Policy Distillation

arXiv:2609.37170v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Off-policy and on-policy distillation have traditionally been formulated as separate paradigms, each favoring a different property of distillation tra

Is Human-Readable Text Necessary for Effective LLM Fine-Tuning?

arXiv:2609.35868v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Is human readability necessary for effective fine-tuning of large language models? We investigate whether model-conditioned training representations can

It's All Training: A Fully Synthetic Single-Stage Recipe for LLMs

arXiv:2609.37891v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current pre-training datasets are derived from web crawls, with all their issues, and were not designed to support mid- and post-training pipelines--for

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Learning from Teacher Continuations at Student States

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2609.36246v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present OLIVE (OnLine InterVEntion). At each iteration, the evolving student policy generates a new prefix, the teacher continues it autoregressively

Learning from the Gap Between Pass@K and Pass@1

arXiv:2609.35793v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly trained with reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards (RLVR). An exact verifier can also support tes

Mixture of Self-Improving Branches For Agent Harness Optimization

arXiv:2609.37834v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Harness optimization provides a practical setting for recursive self-improvement (RSI), where agent-generated modifications inform subsequent changes th

Pointwise or Pairwise: When Do Pairwise Losses Help Reward Learning, Provably?

arXiv:2609.37209v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Pairwise losses are increasingly used for reward learning even when pointwise rewards are observed, with mixed empirical results. When and why do pairwi

PolyOCR-Venus: Unified OCR Foundation Models for Text-Centric Visual Intelligence

arXiv:2609.37712v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is evolving from plain-text transcription toward general visual intelligence, requiring models to recognize, local

PR-OPD: Privileged Representation On-policy Self-Distillation for Agentic Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2609.36642v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Language-model agents are usually trained by reinforcement learning from one reward per episode, and privileged self-distillation enriches it by letting

Prompts Live on an Arc: Gaussian Curricula in Fisher--Rao Coordinates for Rollout-Efficient GRPO

arXiv:2609.38018v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Group relative policy optimization (GRPO) learns only from prompts whose sampled responses disagree: a group that is entirely correct or entirely incorr

ReMem: Rethinking Perception and Memory in Long-Context Recommendation Agents

arXiv:2609.37311v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent Recommendation Agents (RecAgents) offer a promising alternative by shifting recommendation to an active, user-side paradigm, where generative age

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Applications

Rethinking Multimodal Fake News Detection in the Generative AI Era

arXiv:2609.36850v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generative content is increasingly entering the production and dissemination of news, transforming fake news from manually fabricated or simply manipula

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Same Bytes, Different Authority: Reserved-Token Representations in Chat-Template Prompt Injection

arXiv:2609.35932v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Prompt injection against LLM agents becomes much stronger when the injected instruction is wrapped in the model's own chat template. A forged template

Semantic Map Sharing and Capability-Aware Coverage Planning for AI-Native 6G Robotic Coordination

arXiv:2609.37666v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Search and Rescue (SAR) operations increasingly deploy heterogeneous teams of aerial and ground robots. However, conventional coverage methods typical

SIPO: Unifying Reinforcement Learning with On-Policy Self-Distillation

arXiv:2609.36742v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a standard paradigm for improving large language models (LLMs) on various tasks, yet it

SkillWeaver: Agentic Exploration over Neural Interaction Skills for Scalable Robot Data Generation

arXiv:2609.36171v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large-scale demonstrations have driven unprecedented progress in robot learning, yet collecting robot data through teleoperation is expensive and diffic

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

ThinkingGuard: Decoding Implicit Hazards via Step-by-Step Risk Attribution in Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv:2609.36562v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly deployed in safety-critical domains, their reliability is threatened by multimodal imp

Where Does Staleness Accumulate? Pool Aware Effective Staleness Control for Asynchronous RL in LLM Post-Training

arXiv:2609.36830v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Fully asynchronous reinforcement learning (RL) improves resource utilization in large language model post-training by overlapping rollout generation wit

AutoRef: Harness Optimization for Agentic Multi-Reference Image Generation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.35530v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent image generation models can take multiple reference images as input and combine them into a new image. However, multi-reference image generation

Beyond Token Scale: Chunk-Level Sparse Autoencoders for Reliable Semantic Feature Discovery

arXiv:2609.35521v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) expose features that help us understand and steer language models, but faithful reconstruction does not guarantee informati

ConRAG: Lightweight inference of multi-hop relations

arXiv:2609.35193v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Understanding how two entities are connected often requires tracing multi-hop relations across documents to identify intermediate entities and supportin

Counting on Thinking: Tracing Evidence Integration in Language Models

arXiv:2609.32932v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Finite computational resources force a tradeoff between automatic System 1 processes and costly System 2 thinking. Large language models (LLMs) can spen

EyeVQA: Benchmarking Ophthalmic Vision-Language Models from Recognition to Spatial Grounding

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.32352v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown increasing potential for medical image understanding, yet their capabilities in ophthalmic imaging remain insuf

FlowTool: Controlling Tool Parameter in Image Retouching via Flow Matching

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.35673v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tool-based image editing (image retouching) is commonly formulated with autoregressive multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that sequentially genera

ForensicZoom: Adaptive Visual Inspection with Multimodal LLMs for Industrial-Grade Face Forgery Detection

arXiv:2609.31661v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable face forgery detection is critical to the security of online identity verification systems, where missed attacks compromise security and excess

researcharxiv-cs-cv

FORGE: Form-Optimal Routing of Grounded Evidence for Frozen LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.34358v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In agentic AI systems, frozen foundation models are increasingly deployed as closed-weight API endpoints, making downstream adaptation possible only thr

Local Ai

JET: Justification Evaluation in Transformer

arXiv:2609.33874v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: JET uses pretrained language and vision-language models to select among a finite set of answers without additional training. It evaluates candidate like

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

LFPO: Likelihood-Free Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion Models

arXiv:2603.01563v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has achieved remarkable success in improving autoregressive models, especially in domains requ

On-Policy or Off-Policy Learning? A Systematic Study of Distillation Dynamics

arXiv:2609.35259v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: On-policy learning has been argued to reduce catastrophic forgetting, produce sparser parameter updates, and improve generalisation. However, existing c

Recent Advances in Agentic Agri-Robotic Phenotyping: A Perspective Review from Fragmented Multimodal Sensing to Unified PhenoAgent Intelligence

arXiv:2609.34567v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This review examines the evolution of plant phenotyping from conventional manual trait measurement to high-throughput, robotic, and artificial intellige

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

Local Ai

Reward-Aligned Reweighting for On-Policy Distillation

arXiv:2609.35517v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: On-policy distillation (OPD) trains a student language model with dense feedback from a stronger teacher on student-generated trajectories. Yet standard

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Robot-GST: geometry-aware spatial-temporal robot policy representation and evaluation

arXiv:2609.33872v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Robotic manipulation policies are advancing rapidly with increasing reliance on vision-language models for end-to-end decision making. However, reliab

Self-Evolving Multi-Agent Symbolic Discovery for Financial Fundamental Analysis

arXiv:2609.32746v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While symbolic regression (SR) has been successfully used in science to discover new equations, its use in financial valuation is hindered by several

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

STeP: Signal Temporal Logic for Precise Specifications for Action Generation with Vision Language Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2607.18580v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Natural-language robot instructions often specify more than a coarse task goal: they may impose spatial, temporal, and logical requirements that mus

Train4Merge: A Controlled Single-Teacher Study of RL vs. SFT Teachers for OPD-Based Model Merging

arXiv:2609.32303v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Domain experts trained from a shared checkpoint can be merged into one model through on-policy distillation (OPD), where they act as teachers supervis

Understanding and Exploiting Anisotropy in Post-Training

arXiv:2609.32792v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM post-training combines supervised fine-tuning (SFT), a mode-covering forward-KL objective, with reinforcement learning (RL), a mode-seeking reverse-

VIDEAS: Distilling Explicit Action Semantics from Demonstration Videos for World Models via Prior-Guided Simulation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2609.33464v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: World models learn internal representations of environment dynamics to predict future states, enabling agents to optimize action plans without physical

A Benchmark Framework for Screening Automation in Systematic Reviews

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2609.30298v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Systematic reviews (SR) are essential for evidence-based research, but their screening phase is highly time-consuming and labor-intensive. Large languag

Local Ai

AtomWorld-Mem: Memory-Restored World States for Long-Horizon Atomistic Evolution

arXiv:2609.31133v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: High-fidelity atomistic evolution over long timescales requires more than observing the current crystal configuration. Instantaneous atomistic snapshots

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Can Pixels Alone Reveal Image Origin? Minimax Limits and Learnable Interfaces for Passive Provenance

arXiv:2609.30997v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Passive image provenance asks whether pixels alone can reveal where an image came from: a human, an aggregate AI class, or a particular generator. Thi

CG-Probes: Recovering Guardrail Directions from Patient Query Embeddings

arXiv:2609.31062v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Patient-facing AI assistants promise valuable support to patients, but incoming queries can pose medical risks. To create guardrails, we work with oncol

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Hardware

Compress What You See, Not What You Say: Anchored Context Distillation for Latent-Observation Software Engineering Agents

arXiv:2609.31430v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tool observations dominate the context of software-engineering agents, making long interaction histories costly to maintain. Existing context compressio

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

Applications

Cost-Aware Best-LLM Identification using Dueling Feedback

arXiv:2609.30360v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Inspired by the problem of identifying the best model from a collection of large language models (LLMs) with heterogeneous querying costs, we formulat

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Developing a Roadmap to an AI-first Organization: A Case Study in Embedded Software Development

arXiv:2609.30863v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The emergence of AI agents is expected to reshape software engineering by moving beyond AI as assistants towards systems capable of planning, executin

agentsarxiv-cs-ai