Search: “llm”

Revision or Re-Solving? Decomposing Second-Pass Gains in Multi-LLM Pipelines

arXiv:2604.01029v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Multi-LLM revision pipelines, in which a second model reviews and improves a draft produced by a first, are widely assumed to derive their gai

11 Aug 2026

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Model Releases

Social Gym and SPaRTan: Benchmarking and Improving LLM Social Reasoning via Multi-Agent Game Tournaments

DGX agent

arXiv:2608.09128v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM agents are increasingly deployed in multi-agent social settings where they must cooperate, negotiate, and adapt to other agents. Measuring and imp

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

11 Aug 2026

When LLM Agents Negotiate: Private Information and Dynamic Bargaining in Supply Chains

arXiv:2608.07538v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As LLM agents move from decision support to autonomous procurement, firms need to know whether delegated negotiators create value, divide it predictably

11 Aug 2026

Local Ai

Interpretable Unsupervised Community Detection with LLM-Symbolized Structured Processes

arXiv:2608.06402v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Community detection is a fundamental task in graph analytics that aims to identify cohesive groups of entities with similar behaviors or interests. Clas

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

10 Aug 2026

SkillTrace: Multi-Trace Provenance Auditing for LLM-Agent Skill Reuse

arXiv:2608.05204v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-agent ecosystems are rapidly growing around reusable skills: mixed-modality packages of metadata, natural-language instructions, code, tools, refere

7 Aug 2026

Cost-Aware Multi-Objective Bandits: Theory and Application to Budgeted LLM Configuration Evaluation

arXiv:2608.04333v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) configuration evaluation is challenging due to limited evaluation budgets, varying costs, and multiple competing objectives.

researcharxiv-cs-lg

6 Aug 2026

Hybrid LLM-Augmented Reinforcement Learning Agents for Complex Sequential Decision Tasks

arXiv:2608.03502v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown strong capabilities in reasoning, planning, and tool-use, enabling new forms of autonomous agents. Howe

5 Aug 2026

JudgeArena: A Unified Framework for Reproducible LLM-Judge Evaluation

arXiv:2608.02620v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-as-a-judge evaluation has become a dominant paradigm for ranking language models, yet the ecosystem remains fragmented: most benchmarks ship their o

5 Aug 2026

Applications

LogitScope: A Framework for Analyzing LLM Uncertainty Through Information Metrics

arXiv:2603.24929v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Understanding and quantifying uncertainty in large language model (LLM) outputs is critical for reliable deployment. However, traditional evaluation

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

5 Aug 2026

MemSIF: From Structured Interactions to Dual-Track Fact Memory for LLM Agents

arXiv:2608.01742v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Long-term memory is critical for LLM agents operating over long-horizon interactions. However, several persistent limitations of existing memory syste

researcharxiv-cs-cl

4 Aug 2026

Local Ai

TELLER: Non-intrusive Cross-Layer Root-Cause Analysis for LLM Inference

arXiv:2608.01975v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) inference has evolved from an offline workload into a continuously operated software service, yet root-cause analysis remai

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

4 Aug 2026

Toward Plasticity-Preserving KL Regularization for Capability Retention in LLM Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2608.01743v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a central paradigm for large language model (LLM) post-training, but optimization toward new objectives can deg

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

4 Aug 2026

Benchmarks Are Not Monolithic: Sample-Level Auditing and Orchestration for LLM Evaluation

arXiv:2607.28801v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Benchmark datasets are central to evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs), yet they are typically conceived as monolithic tasks, obscuring substantial

Applications

CalibratedRubric: Task-Adaptive Rubric Banks for Open-Ended LLM Evaluation

arXiv:2607.29252v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reliable evaluation of open-ended LLM outputs requires fine-grained rubrics, yet expert curation is costly and difficult to scale. Existing automated

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Chain-of-Models: Cross-Model Auditing for Bias-Robust LLM Judges

arXiv:2607.28636v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLMs increasingly serve as automated judges, but their judgments remain vulnerable to cognitive biases. Existing mitigations mostly rely on prompt-drive

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

MerchantBench: Benchmarking LLM Agents for Long-Term Coherence in E-Commerce Operations

arXiv:2607.28956v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model agents are increasingly evaluated as autonomous tool users, yet most benchmarks focus on bounded tasks with immediate success crite

NeSyFS: A Neuro-symbolic Fast-Slow Thinking Framework for LLM Agent under Partial Observability

arXiv:2607.28942v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recently Large Language Models (LLMs) have been increasingly deployed as autonomous agents in applications such as self-reflection, retrieval-augmented

Rethinking LLM-Judged Helpfulness as a Pedagogy Signal: A Pre-Registered Audit Across Tutor Models

arXiv:2607.28128v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM tutoring poses a measurement problem: can a general-purpose helpfulness rubric distinguish direct answer-giving from pedagogical guidance? We audit

31 Jul 2026

From Tokens to Watt-hours: Analytical Energy Estimation for LLM Inference on Modern GPUs

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2607.26571v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The operational energy consumption of large language model (LLM) inference is becoming an increasingly important component of the environmental footprin

30 Jul 2026

Knowledge before Reasoning: EC-Reason-Bench, a Training-Free Diagnostic Benchmark for LLM Enzyme Classification

arXiv:2607.26397v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Enzyme function prediction is a hierarchical, knowledge-intensive form of protein function classification. Existing benchmarks expose an anomaly: genera

30 Jul 2026

RAG-HAR+: Towards Cost-Efficient LLM-Based Human Activity Recognition for Edge Deployment

arXiv:2607.26631v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Human Activity Recognition (HAR) from wearable sensors supports applications in healthcare, rehabilitation, fitness tracking, and smart environments. Ye

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

30 Jul 2026

Kernel Forge: An Agent Harness for LLM-based Generation and Optimization of CUDA Kernels

arXiv:2607.24762v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine learning models are increasingly embedded in everyday software, and most of their runtime is spent in a small set of compute kernels such as mat

29 Jul 2026

Sharpness-aware Model Merging with Salience Recovery for LLM-based Cross-Domain Sequential Recommendation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2607.25366v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM-based Cross-Domain Sequential Recommendation (CDSR) leverages LLMs to enhance target performance via deep semantic reasoning, alleviating the depe

29 Jul 2026

Agentic Permissions Policy Algebra for Taint Confinement in LLM Agents

arXiv:2607.24625v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autonomous LLM agents processing mixed-confidentiality data face severe security risks from prompt injection attacks and reasoning errors. While dynam

Hardware

DynaResize: Runtime GPU Reallocation for Disaggregated LLM Post-Training

arXiv:2607.22614v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: RL-based LLM post-training increasingly disaggregates Rollout and Training across separate GPU resources, but static GPU partitioning suffers from sever

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

From RLVR to RLSVR: Task Transformation Induces Self-Verifiable Rewards for Open-Ended LLM Self-Improvement

arXiv:2607.23802v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has driven recent progress in reasoning-oriented large language models (LLMs) by enabling large-sc

Gubernaut: A Deterministic Homeostatic Controller for Affect-Regulated LLM Agents, Validated Across Independent Model Families

arXiv:2607.24339v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents inherit reactive failure modes: escalation under provocation, sycophantic drift under flattery, perseveration when stu

HiLLTS: Zero-Shot Hierarchical LLM-Guided Traffic Signal Control for Sustainable Transportation

arXiv:2607.22691v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Urban traffic congestion significantly increases fuel consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and commuter delays, resulting in substantial economic loss

LLM-Based Scientific Equation Discovery via Physics-Informed Token-Regularized Policy Optimization

arXiv:2602.10576v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Symbolic regression aims to distill mathematical equations from observational data. Recent approaches have successfully leveraged Large Langua

LLM-Based vs. Lexicon-Based Sentiment Signals for Tail-Risk Detection in Meme Stocks

arXiv:2607.24072v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper presents an empirical comparison of lexicon-based and Large Language Model (LLM)-based sentiment analysis for extracting market-relevant sign

researcharxiv-cs-cl

MemChain: Learning Interpretable Memory Traces for Memory-Augmented LLM Agents

arXiv:2607.24097v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Memory-augmented LLM agents typically answer queries by retrieving relevant memories and feeding them directly to an answer model. This retrieval-as-evi

Mission-Level Runtime Assurance for LLM-Assisted ISR Swarms over a Verification-Aware Fabric

arXiv:2607.23532v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Swarms of LLM-assisted autonomous robots are increasingly proposed for cooperative intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) in contested e

Opti-Q: A Constraint-Based Optimization Framework for Multi-LLM Question Planning

arXiv:2607.22621v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While large language models (LLMs) enable strong question answering (QA), budgeted deployment is complicated by nondeterminism and heterogeneous resourc

Spatial Reasoning in LLM Game Agents: Impact of Causal Context and Multi-Step Planning

arXiv:2607.22732v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-based game agents often perform poorly on more complex tasks. This work examines whether these failures are linked to limited spatial reasoning and

SpecBox: Speculative Sandbox Scheduling for Efficient LLM Agent Serving

arXiv:2607.23933v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As LLM agents increasingly rely on the Model Context Protocol (MCP) to invoke isolated external sandboxes, disaggregated sandbox deployment introduces

TRIDENT: Benchmarking LLM Safety in Finance, Medicine, and Law

arXiv:2507.21134v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-risk domains such as law, finance, and medicine, systematically evaluating their d

Developing and Validating the Spanish Version of the Large Language Models Dependency Scale (LLM-D12-SP)

arXiv:2607.22041v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: There is a growing need for reliable and culturally validated instruments to assess psychological dependency on large language models (LLMs), particular

researcharxiv-cs-cl

27 Jul 2026

DWT-Fusion: A Signal-Based Framework for Training-Free LLM-Generated Text Detection

arXiv:2607.22026v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Detecting LLM-generated text remains challenging under zero-shot and training-free conditions, especially when detectors must generalize across datasets

27 Jul 2026

Applications

Case study: proving sqrt(2) irrational with LPTP and an LLM

arXiv:2607.21187v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present the interactions with an LLM (Large Language Model) aiming at proving that the square root of 2 is not a rational number in an LP (Logic Pr

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Case study: solving P-99 with LPTP and an LLM

arXiv:2607.21196v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Ninety-Nine Prolog Problems (P-99) is a famous set of Prolog exercises. We solved the first thirty three just by prompting an LLM (Large Language Mode

LLM-INSTRUCT at UZH Shared Task 2026: Constraint-Aware Retrieval and Selective Debate for Paragraph-Level Argument Mining

arXiv:2607.20430v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present LLM-INSTRUCT, the winning system for the UZH Shared Task at ArgMining 2026 on paragraph-level argument mining in UN and UNESCO resolutions.

Uncertainty-Aware Trust Estimation for Multi-LLM Systems via Structured Expert Judgement

arXiv:2607.20529v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM) ensembles are increasingly used to improve reliability by combining predictions from multiple LLMs. However, existing aggre

Memory as a Controlled Process: Learned Adaptive Memory Management for LLM Agents

arXiv:2607.13591v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on external memory systems to accumulate experience across tasks. Yet nearly all existing approach

16 Jul 2026

AgentCheck: A Reproduce-Intervene-Mitigate Workbench for LLM Agents over MCP

arXiv:2607.11098v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Tool-using LLM agents are mostly evaluated assuming all tools work. When a tool times out, returns a week-stale value, or has its description

15 Jul 2026

CityBehavEx: A Scalable and Empirically Validated LLM-Assisted Urban Simulation Platform

arXiv:2607.12086v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent LLM-based multi-agent urban simulators can generate semantically rich city routines, but they remain costly to scale and are often weakly validat

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

15 Jul 2026

Tutorials

ReLope: KL-Regularized LoRA Probes for Multimodal LLM Routing

arXiv:2603.24787v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Routing has emerged as a promising strategy for balancing performance and cost in large language model (LLM) systems that combine lightweight models

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

15 Jul 2026

RetailBench: Evaluating Long-Horizon Autonomous Decision-Making and Strategy Stability of LLM Agents in Realistic Retail Environments

arXiv:2603.16453v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents have made rapid progress on short-horizon, well-scoped tasks, yet their ability to sustain coherent decisions in d

10 Jul 2026

Rethinking LLM-as-a-Judge: Representation-as-a-Judge with Small Language Models via Semantic Capacity Asymmetry

arXiv:2601.22588v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are widely used as reference-free evaluators via prompting, but this 'LLM-as-a-Judge' paradigm is costly, opaque,