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On-Policy Distillation with Best-of-N Teacher Rollout Selection

arXiv:2605.09725v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: On-policy distillation (OPD), which supervises a student on its own sampled trajectories, has emerged as a data-efficient post-training method for impro

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

On the Convergence of Muon and Beyond

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arXiv:2509.15816v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The Muon optimizer has demonstrated remarkable empirical success in handling matrix-structured parameters for training neural networks. However, a s

researcharxiv-cs-lg

12 May 2026

On the Convergence Rate of LoRA Gradient Descent

arXiv:2512.18248v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The low-rank adaptation (LoRA) algorithm for fine-tuning large models has grown popular in recent years due to its remarkable performance and low co

On the Generation and Mitigation of Harmful Geometry in Image-to-3D Models

arXiv:2605.09606v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in image-to-3D models have significantly improved the fidelity and accessibility of 3D content creation. Such a powerful reconstructio

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

On the global convergence of gradient descent for wide shallow models with bounded nonlinearities

arXiv:2605.10775v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A surprising phenomenon in the training of neural networks is the ability of gradient descent to find global minimizers of the training loss despite i

Applications

On the Overscaling Curse of Parallel Thinking: System Efficacy Contradicts Sample Efficiency

arXiv:2601.21619v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Parallel thinking improves LLM reasoning through multi-path sampling and aggregation. In standard evaluations, due to a lack of sample-specifi

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

On Uniform Error Bounds for Kernel Regression under Non-Gaussian Noise

arXiv:2605.09757v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Providing non-conservative uncertainty quantification for function estimates derived from noisy observations remains a fundamental challenge in statisti

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

On Variance Reduction in Learning Mean Flows

arXiv:2605.09235v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: One-step generative modeling has emerged as a leading approach to amortize the inference cost of diffusion and flow-matching models. Among distillatio

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Industry

Once again, SpaceX has set a new record for the tallest rocket ever built

SpaceX fueled its new Starship V3 megarocket for the first time, setting a new record as the world's tallest rocket at approximately 408 feet (124.4 meters), surpassing the V2 by 4 feet. The successfu

industryars-technica

One for All: A Non-Linear Transformer can Enable Cross-Domain Generalization for In-Context Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2605.09727v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A central challenge in reinforcement learning (RL) is to learn models that generalize beyond the tasks on which they are trained, a goal traditionally

Agents

One OS, two speeds: How Red Hat Enterprise Linux is bridging AI innovation and enterprise stability

Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the platform underpinning much of enterprise IT, has spent 20 years as the quiet foundation of enterprise computing. Now, as AI moves into production at scale, it’s becoming

agentssiliconangle

Tutorials

One-Step Graph-Structured Neural Flows for Irregular Multivariate Time Series Classification

arXiv:2605.10179v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Neural Flows efficiently model irregular multivariate time series by directly learning ODE solution trajectories with neural networks, bypassing step-

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

One-step Latent-free Image Generation with Pixel Mean Flows

arXiv:2601.22158v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Modern diffusion/flow-based models for image generation typically exhibit two core characteristics: (i) using multi-step sampling, and (ii) operatin

One Trajectory, One Token: Grounded Video Tokenization via Panoptic Sub-object Trajectory

arXiv:2505.23617v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Effective video tokenization is critical for scaling transformer models for long videos. Current approaches tokenize videos using space-time p

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Online Set Learning from Precision and Recall Feedback

arXiv:2605.09565v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We consider the problem of learning an unknown subset N_ext{target} of a domain in an online setting. In each round t, the learner predicts a set of ite

Applications

Online Sharp-Calibrated Bayesian Optimization

arXiv:2605.10572v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Bayesian optimization (BO) is a widely used framework for optimizing expensive black-box functions, commonly based on Gaussian process (GP) surrogate mo

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Only Train Once: Uncertainty-Aware One-Class Learning for Face Authenticity Detection

arXiv:2605.10040v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid evolution of generative paradigms has enabled the creation of highly realistic imagery, which escalating the risks of identity fraud and the d

Open Ontologies: Tool-Augmented Ontology Engineering with Stable Matching Alignment

arXiv:2605.09184v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present Open Ontologies, an open-source ontology engineering system implemented in Rust that integrates LLM-driven construction with formal OWL reaso

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

OpenAI contacted me to say “Study Mode is still live and accessible via /study and /learn shortcuts” so that’s good, although the official s…

model-releasesethan-mollick--x

OpenAI contacted me to say “Study Mode is still live and accessible via /study and /learn shortcuts” so that’s good, although the official study mode page doesn’t mention that. (I don’t think slash co

OpenAI’s Sam Altman’s personal investments are coming under intensifying scrutiny from Republicans following an April article in The Wall St…

Sam Altman's personal investments faced increased scrutiny from Republican lawmakers following reporting by The Wall Street Journal in April regarding potential conflicts of interest. The controversy

safetygary-marcus--x

OpenClaw-RL: Train Any Agent Simply by Talking

arXiv:2603.10165v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Every agent interaction generates a next-state signal, namely the user reply, tool output, terminal or GUI state change that follows each acti

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

OpenSGA: Efficient 3D Scene Graph Alignment in the Open World

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2605.10484v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scene graph alignment establishes object correspondences between two 3D scene graphs constructed from partially overlapping observations. This enables e

Opinion: It is rare for the US public to agree on anything these days. Fear of AI is as close to a national consensus as it gets. A clear ma…

Opinion: It is rare for the US public to agree on anything these days. Fear of AI is as close to a national consensus as it gets. A clear majority says that AI will do more harm than good. https://ft.

safetygary-marcus--x

OPT-BENCH: Evaluating the Iterative Self-Optimization of LLM Agents in Large-Scale Search Spaces

arXiv:2605.08904v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in reasoning and tool use. However, the fundamental cognitive faculties essential

Agents

Optimal and Scalable MAPF via Multi-Marginal Optimal Transport and Schrodinger Bridges

arXiv:2605.10917v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We consider anonymous multi-agent path finding (MAPF) where a set of robots is tasked to travel to a set of targets on a finite, connected graph. We sho

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Optimal Attention Temperature Improves the Robustness of In-Context Learning under Distribution Shift in High Dimensions

arXiv:2511.01292v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Pretrained Transformers can perform in-context learning (ICL) from a few demonstrations, but this ability can fail sharply when the test distr

Optimal FALQON for Quantum Approximate Optimization via Layer-wise Parameter Tuning

arXiv:2605.08332v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Feedback-based adaptive quantum optimization (FALQON) is a promising approach for solving combinatorial problems on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (

Optimal Regret for Single Index Bandits

arXiv:2605.09454v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study the extit{single-index bandit} problem, where rewards depend on an unknown one-dimensional projection of high-dimensional contexts through an

Hardware

Optimal Transport-Guided Adversarial Attacks on Graph Neural Network-Based Bot Detection

arXiv:2602.00318v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rise of bot accounts on social media poses significant risks to public discourse. To address this threat, modern bot detectors increasingl

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

Optimality of Sub-network Laplace Approximations: New Results and Methods

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.09075v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Although the Laplace approximation offers a simple route to uncertainty quantification in deep neural networks, its reliance on inverting large Hessia

Optimised Support Vector Regression for California Housing Price Prediction: The Critical Role of Feature Engineering and Hyperparameter Tuning

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.08660v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In the recent literature, Support Vector Regression (SVR) has been cited as one of the weakest performers on the California Housing benchmark dataset, w

Optimized Culprit Identification Using Mobilenet and Attention Mechanisms

arXiv:2605.08169v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automated culprit identification in surveillance systems is a critical task that requires high accuracy along with computational efficiency for real-t

Optimizer-Induced Mode Connectivity: From AdamW to Muon

arXiv:2605.09991v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mode connectivity has been widely studied, yet the role of the optimizer remains underexplored. We revisit it through optimizer-induced implicit regular

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Optimizing Server Placement for Vertical Federated Learning in Dynamic Edge/Fog Networks

arXiv:2605.09813v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We investigate the control and optimization of vertical federated learning (VFL), a class of distributed machine learning (ML) methods in which edge/f

Oracle Poisoning: Corrupting Knowledge Graphs to Weaponise AI Agent Reasoning

arXiv:2605.09822v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We define Oracle Poisoning, an attack class in which an adversary corrupts a structured knowledge graph that AI agents query at runtime via tool-use p

OracleTSC: Oracle-Informed Reward Hurdle and Uncertainty Regularization for Traffic Signal Control

arXiv:2605.08516v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transparent decision-making is essential for traffic signal control (TSC) systems to earn public trust. However, traditional reinforcement learning-base

OrderFusion: Encoding Orderbook for End-to-End Probabilistic Intraday Electricity Price Forecasting

arXiv:2502.06830v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Probabilistic intraday electricity price forecasting is becoming increasingly important for short-term power-system operation. With increasing

ORICF -- Open Robotics Inference and Control Framework

arXiv:2605.09656v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled effective perception and language models for robots, but their deployment remains computati

researcharxiv-cs-ro

OsteoFlow: Lyapunov-Guided Flow Distillation for Predicting Bone Remodeling after Mandibular Reconstruction

arXiv:2603.22421v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Predicting long-term bone remodeling after mandibular reconstruction would be of great clinical benefit, yet standard generative models struggle to

OTora: A Unified Red Teaming Framework for Reasoning-Level Denial-of-Service in LLM Agents

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.08876v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents that execute tool-augmented, multi-step tasks, where latency is a critical f

OUIDecay: Adaptive Layer-wise Weight Decay for CNNs Using Online Activation Patterns

arXiv:2605.10161v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Weight decay remains one of the most widely used regularization mechanisms for training convolutional neural networks, yet it is still commonly applied

Outlier detection for patient monitoring and alerting

arXiv:2605.08955v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We develop and evaluate a data-driven approach for detecting unusual (anomalous) patient-management decisions using past patient cases stored in electro

Tutorials

Outlier-robust Diffusion Posterior Sampling for Bayesian Inverse Problems

arXiv:2602.02045v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Diffusion models have emerged as powerful learned priors for Bayesian inverse problems (BIPs). Diffusion-based solvers rely on a presumed likelihood

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Applications

Outlier-Robust Diffusion Solvers for Inverse Problems

arXiv:2605.09477v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Methods based on diffusion models (DMs) for solving inverse problems (IPs) have recently achieved remarkable performance. However, DM-based methods ty

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting in Visual Continual Learning with Reinforcement Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2605.09640v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent studies suggest that Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) is inherently more resilient to catastrophic forgetting than Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT). H

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Overcoming Multi-step Complexity in Multimodal Theory-of-Mind Reasoning: A Scalable Bayesian Planner

arXiv:2506.01301v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Theory-of-Mind (ToM) enables humans to infer mental states-such as beliefs, desires, and intentions-forming the foundation of social cognition. Howe

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Overconfident and Blind to Details: Fixing Prompt Insensitivity with Abductive Preference Learning

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2510.09887v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Vision and language models frequently ignore semantically critical input edits, defaulting to pretraining priors. For example, models will confident

OZ-TAL: Online Zero-Shot Temporal Action Localization

arXiv:2605.09976v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Online Temporal Action Localization (On-TAL) aims to detect the occurrence time and category of actions in untrimmed streaming videos immediately upon t