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Parameter-Efficient Architectural Modifications for Translation-Invariant CNNs

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2604.27870v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are widely assumed to be translation-invariant, yet standard architectures exhibit a startling fragility: even a si

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Research

Path-Lock Expert: Separating Reasoning Mode in Hybrid Thinking via Architecture-Level Separation

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.27201v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Hybrid-thinking language models expose explicit think and no-think modes, but current designs do not separate them cleanly. Even in no-think mode, mod

researcharxiv-cs-ai

1 May 2026

Hardware

Pentagon inks AI procurement deals with seven companies, leaves out Anthropic

The U.S. Defense Department today announced that it has inked artificial intelligence procurement contracts with seven tech firms. The group includes Amazon Web Service Inc., Google LLC, Microsoft Cor

hardwaresiliconangle

Hardware

Pentagon strikes classified AI deals with OpenAI, Google, and Nvidia — but not Anthropic

The Pentagon has struck deals with OpenAI, Google, Microsoft, Amazon, Nvidia, Elon Musk's xAI, and the startup Reflection, allowing the agency to use their AI tools in classified settings, according t

hardwarethe-verge-ai

People-Centred Medical Image Analysis

arXiv:2604.26991v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in data-centric medical AI have produced highly accurate diagnostic systems, but the emphasis on data curation and performance metrics

Performance-Driven QUBO for Recommender Systems on Quantum Annealers

arXiv:2410.15272v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Quantum annealers offer a promising hardware platform for solving combinatorial optimization problems, especially those formulated as Quadrati

Perturbation Probing: A Two-Pass-per-Prompt Diagnostic for FFN Behavioral Circuits in Aligned LLMs

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2604.27401v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Perturbation probing generates task-specific causal hypotheses for FFN neurons in large language models using two forward passes per prompt and no backp

PGOT: A Physics-Geometry Operator Transformer for Complex PDEs

arXiv:2512.23192v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: While Transformers have demonstrated remarkable potential in modeling Partial Differential Equations (PDEs), modeling large-scale unstructured meshe

researcharxiv-cs-lg

PhotIQA: A photoacoustic image data set with image quality ratings

arXiv:2507.03478v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Image quality assessment (IQA) is crucial in the evaluation stage of novel algorithms operating on images, including traditional and machine l

PhyCo: Learning Controllable Physical Priors for Generative Motion

arXiv:2604.28169v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern video diffusion models excel at appearance synthesis but still struggle with physical consistency: objects drift, collisions lack realistic reb

Physical Foundation Models: Fixed hardware implementations of large-scale neural networks

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.27911v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Foundation models are deep neural networks (such as GPT-5, Gemini~3, and Opus~4) trained on large datasets that can perform diverse downstream tasks --

Physically-Informed Fuzzy Clustering of Vertical Sounding Ionograms

arXiv:2604.27721v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper presents a physically-informed fuzzy clustering of vertical sounding ionograms for automatically separating the ionogram into tracks suitab

PiCSAR: Probabilistic Confidence Selection And Ranking for Reasoning Chains

arXiv:2508.21787v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Best-of-n sampling improves the accuracy of large language models (LLMs) and large reasoning models (LRMs) by generating multiple candidate so

researcharxiv-cs-ai

PINN-Cast: Exploring the Role of Continuous-Depth NODE in Transformers and Physics Informed Loss as Soft Physical Constraints in Short-term Weather Forecasting

arXiv:2604.27313v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Operational weather prediction has long relied on physics-based numerical weather prediction (NWP), whose accuracy comes at the cost of substantial co

Industry

'Podslop' is flooding listening platforms like Spotify; Podcast Index: of ~11K new podcast feeds in a recent 9-day span, ~39% were likely for AI content shows (Ashley Carman/Bloomberg)

Ashley Carman / Bloomberg: “Podslop” is flooding listening platforms like Spotify; Podcast Index: of ~11K new podcast feeds in a recent 9-day span, ~39% were likely for AI content shows — Over the pas

industrytechmeme

Local Ai

Policy-Governed LLM Routing with Intent Matching for Instrument Laboratories

arXiv:2604.26955v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: AI tutoring systems in engineering labs face a tension between providing sufficient assistance and preserving learning opportunities. Existing systems

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Policy-Grounded Safety Evaluation of 20 Large Language Models

arXiv:2507.14719v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into real-world applications, scalable and rigorous safety evaluation is essential. T

Political Bias Audits of LLMs Capture Sycophancy to the Inferred Auditor

arXiv:2604.27633v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are commonly evaluated for political bias based on their responses to fixed questionnaires, which typically place frontier

Ponder This Challenge - May 2026 - The Powers of a Binary Matrix

This IBM Research challenge problem likely involves analyzing mathematical properties of binary matrices (matrices containing only 0s and 1s), potentially exploring topics such as matrix operations, e

researchibm-research

Position-Aware Drafting for Inference Acceleration in LLM-Based Generative List-Wise Recommendation

arXiv:2604.27747v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM)-based generative list-wise recommendation has advanced rapidly, but decoding remains sequential and thus latency-prone. To

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Post-Optimization Adaptive Rank Allocation for LoRA

arXiv:2604.27796v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Exponential growth in the scale of modern foundation models has led to the widespread adoption of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) as a parameter-efficient fi

Tools

Postgres connections now work through Sandbox firewall

Vercel has updated its Sandbox firewall to support PostgreSQL database connections, enabling developers to connect to Postgres databases from within Vercel's sandboxed environment. This enhancement im

toolsvercel-blog

PPA-Plan: Proactive Pitfall Avoidance for Reliable Planning in Long-Context LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2601.11908v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) struggle with reasoning over long contexts where relevant information is sparsely distributed. Although plan-and-execut

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Agents

Pragmos: A Process Agentic Modeling System

arXiv:2604.27311v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly transformed tasks across Software Engineering. In the context of Business Process Managem

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Tutorials

Predicting Atomistic Transitions with Transformers

arXiv:2603.06526v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Accurate knowledge of the atomistic transition pathways in materials and material surfaces is crucial for many material science problems. Howe

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Predicting Covariate-Driven Spatial Deformation for Nonstationary Gaussian Processes

arXiv:2604.27280v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Nonstationary Gaussian processes (GPs) are essential for modeling complex, locally heterogeneous spatial data. A common modeling approach is the spatial

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Predicting Fetal Birthweight from High Dimensional Data using Advanced Machine Learning

arXiv:2502.14270v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Birth weight serves as a fundamental indicator of neonatal health, closely linked to both early medical interventions and long-term developmental ri

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Predicting Upcoming Stuttering Events from Three-Second Audio: Stratified Evaluation Reveals Severity-Selective Precursors, and the Model Deploys Fully On-Device

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.27279v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Audio-based stuttering systems to date have been trained for detection -- what disfluency is present now -- leaving prediction, the capability needed

Prediction-powered Inference by Mixture of Experts

arXiv:2604.27892v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The rapidly expanding artificial intelligence (AI) industry has produced diverse yet powerful prediction tools, each with its own network architecture

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Hardware

Predictive Multi-Tier Memory Management for KV Cache in Large-Scale GPU Inference

arXiv:2604.26968v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Key-value (KV) cache memory management is the primary bottleneck limiting throughput and cost-efficiency in large-scale GPU inference serving. Current

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

Preserving Temporal Dynamics in Time Series Generation

arXiv:2604.27182v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Time-series data augmentation plays a crucial role in regression-oriented forecasting tasks, where limited data restricts the performance of deep lear

Primus: Enforcing Attention Usage for 3D Medical Image Segmentation

arXiv:2503.01835v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Transformers have achieved remarkable success across multiple fields, yet their impact on 3D medical image segmentation remains limited with convolu

PRISM: Pre-alignment via Black-box On-policy Distillation for Multimodal Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2604.28123v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The standard post-training recipe for large multimodal models (LMMs) applies supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on curated demonstrations followed by reinfo

Local Ai

Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning via Differential Privacy and Homomorphic Encryption for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Modeling

arXiv:2604.27598v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Protecting sensitive health data while enabling collaborative analysis is a central challenge in healthcare. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Proactive Dialogue Model with Intent Prediction

arXiv:2604.27379v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dialogue models are inherently reactive, responding to the current user turn without anticipating upcoming intents, which leads to redundant interaction

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Probabilistic Circuits for Irregular Multivariate Time Series Forecasting

arXiv:2604.27814v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Joint probabilistic modeling is essential for forecasting irregular multivariate time series (IMTS) to accurately quantify uncertainty. Existing approac

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Tools

@profdanklein spent 20 years studying how language forms intelligence. When LLMs exploded, he saw something everyone missed. These systems w…

@profdanklein spent 20 years studying how language forms intelligence. When LLMs exploded, he saw something everyone missed. These systems were fluent, confident, and wrong. And no one could tell the

toolstogether-ai--x

Profiles of AI Dependency: A Latent Class Analysis of Filipino Students' Academic Competencies

arXiv:2604.27349v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The increasing dependency among Filipino college students on artificial intelligence (AI) poses concerns about the potential decline of fundamental ac

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Progressive Multi-Agent Reasoning for Biological Perturbation Prediction

arXiv:2602.07408v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Predicting gene regulation responses to biological perturbations requires reasoning about underlying biological causalities. While large language mo

PROMISE-AD: Progression-aware Multi-horizon Survival Estimation for Alzheimer's Disease Progression and Dynamic Tracking

arXiv:2604.28055v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Individualized Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression prediction requires models that use irregular visits, account for censoring, avoid diagnostic leak

researcharxiv-cs-ai

PRTS: A Primitive Reasoning and Tasking System via Contrastive Representations

arXiv:2604.27472v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models advance robotic control via strong visual-linguistic priors. However, existing VLAs predominantly frame pretraining

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Industry

Pushing back on AI job loss fears, AWS CEO Matt Garman says Amazon plans to hire 11,000 software engineering interns in 2026, a figure in line with recent years (Ben Shimkus/Business Insider)

Ben Shimkus / Business Insider: Pushing back on AI job loss fears, AWS CEO Matt Garman says Amazon plans to hire 11,000 software engineering interns in 2026, a figure in line with recent years — - AWS

industrytechmeme

PVeRA: Probabilistic Vector-Based Random Matrix Adaptation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2512.07703v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large foundation models have emerged in the last years and are pushing performance boundaries for a variety of tasks. Training or even finetuning su

Qualitative Evaluation of Language Model Rescoring in Automatic Speech Recognition

arXiv:2604.27533v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Evaluating automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems is a classical but difficult and still open problem, which often boils down to focusing only on th

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Tutorials

Quantum Masked Autoencoders for Vision Learning

arXiv:2511.17372v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Classical autoencoders are widely used to learn features of input data. To improve the feature learning, classical masked autoencoders extend

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Agents

Randomized trial of an AI therapy chatbot on Mexican women found “improved mental health by 0.3 SD over 6 months with no evidence of an incr…

Randomized trial of an AI therapy chatbot on Mexican women found “improved mental health by 0.3 SD over 6 months with no evidence of an increase of severe cases; improved sleep, healthful behaviors, d

agentsethan-mollick--x

Local Ai

RAY-TOLD: Ray-Based Latent Dynamics for Dense Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance with TDMPC

arXiv:2604.27450v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Dense, dynamic crowds pose a persistent challenge for autonomous mobile robots. Purely reactive planning methods, such as Model Predictive Path Integr

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

RayFormer: Modeling Inter- and Intra-Ray Similarity for NeRF-Based Video Snapshot Compressive Imaging

arXiv:2604.27702v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Video snapshot compressive imaging (SCI) enables the reconstruction of dynamic scenes from a single snapshot measurement. Recently, NeRF-based methods h

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv