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The Smart Buildings Challenge: Learning Foundation Models for Real-World Optimization at Scale

arXiv:2610.18511v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Buildings cause nearly 40% of carbon emissions in the US. Of total building emissions, HVAC systems are responsible for approximately 40-60% and account

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

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The Sum of All Summaries: PROPALIGN for Graded Proposition Salience Evaluation

DGX agent

arXiv:2610.19387v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Identification and ranking of salient propositions in documents is indirectly involved in many AI tasks, but few papers define proposition salience scor

researcharxiv-cs-cl

15 Oct 2026

Theoretical and Practical Advances in Hierarchical Bayesian Deep Learning Methodology

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2610.19074v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable uncertainty quantification remains an important challenge in AI. Hierarchical Bayesian methods provide a principled framework for this by repre

Think in Strategies, Act with Tools: Traceable Agentic Optimization for Combinatorial Problems

arXiv:2610.14736v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Optimization by PROmpting (OPRO) directly leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate candidate solutions through natural-language prompting. How

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Thinking Outside the Bots: Human Ideas in AI's Semantic Blind Spots Are Not Inferior

arXiv:2610.17324v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: AI-generated outputs are frequently perceived as highly creative, but also tend to be more similar to each other (homogenized) than human ideas. Does

ThreadBench: Benchmarking Realism in Agentic Simulation of Real-world Discussions

arXiv:2606.14715v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: LLM agents are increasingly used to simulate real-world interactions, but it remains unclear whether simulated behaviors preserve the content

Applications

Tiered-Resolution Volumetric Mapping for Real-Time Simultaneous Planning and Mapping on Natural Outdoor Environments

arXiv:2610.20476v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-time volumetric mapping for a planning robot is dominated by the cost of integrating and storing information at the finest resolution, yet only a s

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

TIMERSI: Towards Self-Improved Agentic Deployment for Time-Series Foundation Models

arXiv:2610.19725v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Time-series foundation models provide strong zero-shot forecast, but deployment for real- world applications still requires task-specific designs for mo

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Titan-Llama: Retrofitting Pre-trained LLMs with External Neural Memory Modules

arXiv:2610.19210v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transformers are efficient to pre-train at scale because attention permits parallel computation across sequence positions, but long-context inference re

To Reason but Not to Stop: Understanding and Recovering Pruned Large Reasoning Models

arXiv:2610.19934v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Weight pruning can degrade the accuracy of large reasoning models (LRMs), yet it remains unclear whether it damages reasoning itself. We find that much

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Token Utility for On-Policy Distillation via Local Trust-Region Optimization

arXiv:2610.18883v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Token-selection methods for on-policy distillation (OPD) prioritize student-visited positions using diverse signals, including uncertainty, teacher-stud

Too Late to Prune: Generative AI, the Screen, and Team Creative Decisions

arXiv:2610.14984v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generative AI makes options cheap and shifts the bottleneck of creative work from generating options to screening them. We argue that AI's value depen

TopicMerge: A Divide and Conquer Approach to Topic Modeling

arXiv:2610.19323v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advancements in topic modeling have split into two main paths: efficient embedding-based methods that offer scalability but are often outperforme

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Topology-Preserving Multi-Usage Pipe Centerline Refinement under Permanent Tubular Occupancy

arXiv:2610.19403v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Discrete multi-group pipe routers place channels on a grid or coarse graph. The resulting centerlines are topologically feasible but typically contain m

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

TorchSpin: Differentiable Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Simulation in PyTorch

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2610.18924v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Interpreting electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra commonly requires repeated forward simulation and optimization of spin Hamiltonian paramete

Toward a Universal Characterization of Sudoku Puzzle Difficulty

arXiv:2507.21137v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In this paper we try to answer the question 'What constitutes Sudoku difficulty rating across different Sudoku websites?' Using two distinct methods

Toward Fine-Grained Forgetting:Attribute Unlearning for Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv:2608.01008v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can memorize and disclose sensitive information, motivating machine unlearning to remove designated knowled

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Toward System One Clinical Intelligence: Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning and Counterfactual Explainability of Decision Foundation Models

arXiv:2610.15029v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automated disease classification from patient-reported symptoms requires balancing the speed of lightweight discriminative models against the contextu

Towards a Benchmark for Fire Safety Code Interpretation in the Hong Kong AEC Industry

arXiv:2610.16127v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly explored in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) domain, yet their reliability in regul

Towards a Data-Centric Understanding of Spatial Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv:2610.19108v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been widely applied in embodied agents and robotics for vision tasks. However, MLLMs suffer from limitat

Towards Agentic Robots: Model, Data, Environment, and Harness

arXiv:2610.20442v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Foundation models are driving a paradigm shift in robotic intelligence, moving beyond low-level action prediction to goal-directed orchestration of data

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

Towards Certifiable State Estimation under Observability Degeneracy

arXiv:2610.20490v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Certifiable optimization provides global optimality guarantees for non-convex state estimation in robotics. However, under severe physical sensing degen

local-aiarxiv-cs-ro

Towards Efficient Simultaneous Inverse Text Normalization with Pretrained Text-to-Text Language Model and Read-Tag-Write Policy

arXiv:2610.19492v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Streaming Inverse Text Normalization (ITN) is vital for converting spoken-form outputs from streaming Automatic Speech Recognition into formatted writte

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Towards Merging-conditional Backdoor Unalignment against Large Language Models

arXiv:2610.14701v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Model merging has become widely adopted for enhancing the task-specific performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) without additional training. While

Applications

Towards Resilience: Slice-Driven Orchestration of Mobile IoMT in 6G-Edge-Continuum

arXiv:2610.17296v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Emerging healthcare services, such as real-time diagnostics, remote health monitoring and computer-assisted surgery, require stringent Quality of Servic

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Applications

Towards Training and Inference of Graph Neural Networks in Graph Databases

arXiv:2610.19142v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph Neural Networks on large graphs commonly rely on in-memory graph storage with ad hoc data processing pipelines for both training and inference. Gr

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Trace Evolution Bench: Measuring Whether Agents Improve from Their Own Environment Traces

arXiv:2610.15055v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Self-evolving agents are usually scored by endpoint Gain: held-out success after an update minus success before. That difference can credit a frozen res

Trace-to-Architecture: Capability Bottleneck Diagnosis for Harness Revision

arXiv:2610.16725v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Improving an LLM agent requires knowing what to change when it fails. Similar failures can require different fixes, and resolving one problem can expose

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

TRACER: Trace-Regularized Training Against Indirect Prompt Injection

arXiv:2610.19133v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Indirect prompt injection uses untrusted retrieved content, tool outputs, or agent messages to override an LLM's intended behavior. We show that defense

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Tracing Morphology, Semantics, and Divergence in Language Acquisition

arXiv:2610.19041v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Understanding the dynamics of language acquisition in Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for uncovering how statistical representations evolve in

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Tracking a Small Set of Experts in Online Convex Optimization

arXiv:2610.20416v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: For the fundamental problem of prediction from expert advice, Freund asked whether one could compete with a comparator that switches k times among only

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Tracking large chemical reaction networks and rare events by neural networks

arXiv:2512.10309v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Chemical reaction networks are widely used to model stochastic dynamics in biophysical processes. Their exact probabilistic description via th

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Train to Stitch: Topology-Preserving Regularization for Interoperable Representations

arXiv:2610.19401v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As large, powerful pre-trained models become more prevalent, there is growing interest in developing methods that allow different neural networks to b

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Tutorials

Trainable at Depth, Solvable at Small Size: What the Loss Surface of a Polynomial Activation Dictates for Designing, Initializing and Training Networks

arXiv:2610.20069v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: What makes a deep network train, and what shape is its loss surface? We answer both with one construction at two scales: a polynomial activation f (z) =

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Training a Compact, Strong, and Realistic Text-to-Speech Model

arXiv:2610.14776v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Text-to-speech (TTS) systems are conventionally optimized for intelligibility and speaker similarity. However, neither objective captures the prosodic

Tutorials

Training Dynamics of Transformers on Unbounded Inputs: Attention Learning Can Lag Output Layer Learning

arXiv:2610.20337v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The success of transformers is attributed to several factors, including their capacity to express formal languages over variable-length inputs, and abil

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Training Language Models to Fail Gracefully

arXiv:2610.20401v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning makes language models better at solving tasks, but the same mechanism also rewards guessing. When success is the only way to earn

Training LLMs Beyond Next Token Prediction - Filling the Mutual Information Gap

arXiv:2511.00198v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Autoregressive language models are usually trained with next-token prediction under a fixed left-to-right target order. This paper studies tar

Transparency as Answerability: Role-Dependent Information Flow Modeling

arXiv:2610.16887v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transparency in AI-supported decision systems is widely required but poorly defined. Existing approaches treat transparency as a property of systems or

Transparent Information Flow Modeling for Role-Aware AI Act Assessment

arXiv:2610.16916v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act introduces a structured framework for governing high-risk AI systems, emphasizing transparency, risk ma

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

TRAP: Tool-result Replay Attack for Probing Misbinding in LLM Agents

arXiv:2610.16333v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As AI agents increasingly act through external tools, tool results are no longer simple outputs but execution artifacts that must remain correctly assoc

Tread: A Visuo-Inertial Framework for Terrain and Locomotion Context-Aware Gait-Phase and Speed Estimation in Wearable Robotics

arXiv:2610.19067v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A wearable assistive robot must continuously estimate terrain, locomotion mode, gait phase, and walking speed. These quantities are commonly addressed b

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Tree-Structured Synergy of Large Language Models and Bayesian Optimization for Efficient CASH

arXiv:2601.12355v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: To lower the expertise barrier in machine learning, the AutoML community has focused on the CASH problem, which jointly automates algorithm selectio

TreeFlex: Agents Navigating Their Own Search Trees

arXiv:2610.20334v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A ReAct-style agent accumulates observations, intermediate results, and failed attempts in a single context. As this context grows, stale and off-path

TreeSpark: Learning to Draft the Trees You Verify for Speculative Decoding

arXiv:2610.20175v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Parallel drafters such as DFlash and DSpark reduce proposal latency, but early mismatches limit how much of each block can be accepted. Retaining altern

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Trust Hinders Bidirectional Human-AI Alignment

arXiv:2610.15136v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Trust calibration remains the dominant framing of AI-assisted decision making: the goal is to close the gap between perceived and actual trustworthiness

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Trustworthy AI Must Account for Interactions

arXiv:2504.07170v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Trustworthy AI encompasses many aspirational aspects for aligning AI systems with human values, including fairness, privacy, robustness, explainabil

Truthful and Expected-Payment-Optimal Model Routing in Graph-Based Agentic Workflows

arXiv:2610.19316v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Assigning routine tasks to cheaper large language model (LLM) providers can reduce generation cost, but switching providers may require processing acc