Search: “benchmark”

Verifiable Rewards Beyond Math and Code: Lightweight Corpus-Grounded Process Supervision for Factual Question Answering

arXiv:2605.29648v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Applying reinforcement learning to improve factual accuracy in knowledge-intensive question answering faces a reward design dilemma. Response-level rewa

29 May 2026

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VisualThink-VLA: Visual Intermediate Reasoning for Effective and Low-Latency Vision-Language-Action Policies

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.30011v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent work has begun to equip vision-language-action (VLA) policies with explicit intermediate reasoning. In embodied control, however, textual chain

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

29 May 2026

YoCausal: How Far is Video Generation from World Model? A Causality Perspective

arXiv:2605.30346v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As video diffusion models (VDMs) advance toward world models, a key question arises: do they truly understand causality, or merely overfit to statistica

29 May 2026

A Fresh Look at Lamarckian Evolution and the Baldwin Effect

arXiv:2605.28703v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Baldwinian and Lamarckian evolution have existed for a long time in evolutionary algorithms (EAs) without ever dominating the academic literature or p

A Simple State Space Model Excels at Multivariate Time Series Classification

arXiv:2605.27406v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Structured state space models (SSMs) have recently emerged as a promising foundation for sequence modeling, with Mamba-based architectures demonstrating

Adaptive Bandit Algorithms for Contextual Matching Markets

arXiv:2605.28290v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study bandit learning in matching markets, where players and arms constitute the two market sides, and the players' utilities are linear in the arm c

Agentic Active Omni-Modal Perception for Multi-Hop Audio-Visual Reasoning

arXiv:2605.28192v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-hop audio-visual reasoning remains challenging for Omni-LLMs, as relevant evidence is often sparse, temporally dispersed, and distributed across b

Beyond pass@k: Redundancy-Aware RLVR for Multi-Sample Code Generation

arXiv:2605.28022v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLMs for code generation are commonly evaluated in repeated-sampling settings using Pass@k, where multiple candidate programs are executed against unit

researcharxiv-cs-cl

ChildEval: When large language models meet children's personalities

arXiv:2605.27805v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While LLMs enable personalized chatbots, their effectiveness in child-centered personalization remains unclear, as systematic evaluation of child-spec

Chinese Word Boundary Recovery through Character Alignment Projection

arXiv:2605.28128v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chinese word segmentation is especially fragile in non-standard text, where language learner errors and other character-level divergences disrupt the wo

CogPortrait: Fine-Grained Eye-Region Control in Portrait Animation via Hierarchical Agent Planning

arXiv:2605.28056v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Portrait animation methods have achieved substantial visual quality and lip synchronization, but fine-grained manipulation of the eye region still faces

ConRAG: Consensus-Driven Multi-View Retrieval for Multi-Hop Question Answering

arXiv:2605.28093v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enhancing large language models (LLMs) on multi-hop question answering (QA)

DecomposeRL: Learning to Ask Useful, Informative, and Diverse Questions for Semi-Supervised, Traceable Claim Verification

arXiv:2605.27858v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Claim verification splits between end-to-end classifiers that are accurate but yields no inspectable traces, and decomposition-based methods produce i

Detection Without Correction: A Two-Parameter Decomposition of Multi-Stage LLM Pipelines

arXiv:2605.27559v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multi-stage LLM pipelines that perform multi-agent debate, intrinsic self-correction, or retrieval-augmented verification exhibit puzzling aggregate b

Diffusion-Augmented Markov Decision Processes for Maximum Entropy Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2512.02019v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Diffusion models excel at sampling from complex, unnormalized distributions. In this work, we extend Maximum Entropy Reinforcement Learning (M

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Dr-CiK: A Testbed for Foresight-Driven Agents

arXiv:2605.27904v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Time series forecasting in real-world settings often depends not only on historical observations, but also on external context that must be actively dis

Escape the Language Prior: Mitigating Late-Stage Modality Collapse in Audio Reasoning via Modality-Aware Policy Optimization

arXiv:2605.27741v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Audio and omni-modal large language models exhibit impressive cross-modal reasoning capabilities. However, applying standard reinforcement learning post

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Every9D-21M: Large-Scale Real-World 9D Canonicalization of Everyday Objects

arXiv:2605.28270v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Estimating the 9D pose of everyday objects from a single real-world image remains challenging. This is largely due to the lack of large-scale supervisio

FactReview: Evidence-Grounded Peer Review with Execution-Based Claim Verification

arXiv:2604.04074v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: LLM-based reviewing systems typically take only the manuscript as input, leaving literature and code-based claims hard to verify. We present FactRev

Agents

GUI-CIDER: Mid-training GUI Agents via Causal Internalization and Density-aware Exemplar Reselection

arXiv:2605.28534v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite the rapid progress of multimodal large language models in building Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents, their real-world task completion is fu

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

IPO-Mine: A Toolkit and Dataset for Section-Structured Analysis of Long, Multimodal IPO Documents

arXiv:2605.28714v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: An Initial Public Offering (IPO) filing is a document released when a private firm goes public, allowing individual (retail) investors to purchase its

Local MDI+: Local Feature Importances for Tree-Based Models

arXiv:2506.08928v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Tree-based ensembles such as random forests remain the go-to for tabular data over deep learning models due to their prediction performance and comp

Mahalanobis PatchCore: Covariance-Aware and Streaming-Compatible Industrial Anomaly Detection

arXiv:2605.27748v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Industrial visual anomaly detection is usually one-class: normal images are abundant, while defects are rare, heterogeneous, and often unavailable dur

Many Dialects, Many Languages, One Cultural Lens: Evaluating Multilingual VLMs for Bengali Culture Understanding Across Historically Linked Languages and Regional Dialects

arXiv:2603.21165v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Bangla culture is richly expressed through region, dialect, history, food, politics, media, and everyday visual life, yet it remains underrepresente

Measuring Form and Function in Language Models

arXiv:2605.28616v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce quantitative metrics for child language acquisition to evaluate language models. Our focus is on the formal syntactic and functional disc

researcharxiv-cs-ai

MemCog: From Memory-as-Tool to Memory-as-Cognition in Conversational Agents

arXiv:2605.28046v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing agent memory systems universally follow what we term a Memory-as-Tool paradigm where a single query triggers one-shot retrieval of flat passage

Mobile-Aptus: Confidence-Driven Proactive and Robust Interaction in MLLM-based Mobile-Using Agents

arXiv:2605.28629v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown exceptional potential in enabling mobile-using agents to autonomously execute

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

OralAgent: Integrating Reasoning, Tools, and Knowledge for Interactive Dental Image Analysis

arXiv:2605.27378v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dental image analysis plays a pivotal role in supporting accurate diagnosis and treatment planning in oral healthcare. Although recent advances have pro

Playing with Words, Improving with Rewards: Training Language Models for Creative Association

arXiv:2605.27832v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are being applied to increasingly difficult problems and use cases. To navigate their vast solution spaces effectively, LLM

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Poison with Style: A Practical Poisoning Attack on Code Large Language Models

arXiv:2605.27631v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Code Large Language Models (CLLMs) serve as the core of modern code agents, enabling developers to automate complex software development tasks. In thi

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Probabilistic Data-Driven Modelling of Astrophysical Transients: The Neural Process Family for Ultrafast and Class-Agnostic Light Curve Reconstruction with NightLANP

arXiv:2605.27527v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Astrophysical observations taken from Earth are subject to weather, environmental, and scientific constraints that lead to sparse, irregular light cur

RMPL: Relation-aware Multi-task Progressive Learning with Stage-wise Training for Multimedia Event Extraction

arXiv:2602.13748v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multimedia Event Extraction (MEE) aims to identify events and their arguments from documents that contain both text and images. It requires groundin

Self-Prophetic Decoding to Unlock Visual Search in LVLMs

arXiv:2605.28741v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) are rapidly evolving toward true multimodal reasoning, with visual search representing a concrete instantiation of

researcharxiv-cs-cv

SNARE: Adaptive Scenario Synthesis for Eliciting Overeager Behavior in Coding Agents

arXiv:2605.28122v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A coding agent executes a benign task as a sequence of shell, file, and network actions, any of which can quietly exceed the authorized scope while th

StoryLens: Preference-Aligned Story Rewriting via Context-Aware Narrative Enrichment

arXiv:2605.28073v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Story rewriting aims to adapt existing narratives to diverse reader preferences while preserving plot consistency and narrative coherence. Unlike conv

Tabero: Learning Gentle Manipulation with Closed-Loop Force Feedback from Vision, Touch, and Language

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2605.27886v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tactile sensing is essential for robots to achieve human-like gentle manipulation. However, existing Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models struggle to exp

The Missing Piece in Pre-trained Model Evaluation: Reward-Guided Decoding Unlocks Task-Oriented Behavior Without Parameter Updates

arXiv:2605.28020v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: With the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs), reliably evaluating the capabilities of pre-trained LLMs has become increasingly important. The

Agents

Understanding Automated Program Repair Agents Through the Lens of Traceability: An Empirical Study

arXiv:2506.08311v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Automated Program Repair (APR) agents leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to autonomously diagnose and fix software bugs through reasoning,

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Why LLMs Fail at Causal Discovery and How Interventional Agents Escape

arXiv:2605.27567v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Causal discovery is a cornerstone of scientific reasoning, yet whether large language models can perform it reliably remains an open question. Recent be

Advancing Creative Physical Intelligence in Large Multimodal Models

arXiv:2605.26396v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large multimodal models (LMMs) have rapidly advanced in perception and reasoning; however, it remains unclear whether these capabilities generalize to d

CleanSurvival: Automated data preprocessing for time-to-event models using reinforcement learning

arXiv:2502.03946v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Data preprocessing is often paid little attention in machine learning, despite its potentially significant impact on model performance. While automa

Detached Skip-Links and R-Probe: Decoupling Feature Aggregation from Gradient Propagation for MLLM OCR

arXiv:2603.20020v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) excel at high-level reasoning yet fail on OCR tasks where fine-grained visual details are compromised

researcharxiv-cs-ai

DunbaaBERT: From Sacrifice to Semantics

arXiv:2605.26935v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models have achieved strong performance across many NLP tasks, yet Urdu remains comparatively underexplored due to limited resources and

EdgeFlow: Edge-Map Augmented VLM-Based Flowchart Processing for Industrial Requirements Engineering

arXiv:2605.27332v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Flowcharts are widely used in industrial requirements, but usually remain embedded as static images. Vision Language Models (VLMs) show promise in the

Efficient On-policy Visual-RL via Stochastic Decoupled Policy Gradient

arXiv:2605.26478v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present the stochastic decoupled policy gradient (SDPG), a lightweight visual reinforcement learning (RL) method that trains diverse visuomotor con

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

EgoProx: Evaluating MLLMs on Egocentric 3D Proximity Reasoning Across a Cognitive Hierarchy

arXiv:2605.24456v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Humans constantly reason about 3D proximity, the relations between their body and surrounding objects, to guide perception and action in daily life.

Entropy Sentinel: Continuous LLM Accuracy Monitoring from Decoding Entropy Traces in STEM

arXiv:2601.09001v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Deploying LLMs raises two coupled challenges: (1) monitoring--estimating where a model underperforms as traffic and domains drift--and (2) improveme

Focal Reward: Balanced Reinforcement Learning under Rubric-Based Rewards

arXiv:2605.26579v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The open-ended generation in LLMs usually requires multi-dimensional rubrics to adequately assess quality and guide the improvement of reinforcement lea