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Reading Calibrated Uncertainty from Language Model Trajectories

arXiv:2605.22864v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The maximum softmax probability (MSP) represents a default approach when evaluating uncertainty quantification for language model generation with struct

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Research

Real-Time Earthquake Magnitude Classification from Initial P-Waves: Models, Dataset, and Comparative Analysis for South Asia

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.22836v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Rapid earthquake magnitude estimation is crucial for effective early warning systems that can save lives and reduce economic damage. In this paper, we

researcharxiv-cs-lg

25 May 2026

Rethinking Transfer Learning for Industrial Inspection: DINOv3 vs. ImageNet Pretraining Across RGB and X-ray Tasks

arXiv:2605.23472v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision foundation models pretrained on web-scale data have recently shown strong transfer capabilities on many downstream tasks, but their effectiveness

Robots That Know What to Ask: Recovering Misaligned Rewards through Targeted Explanations

arXiv:2605.22986v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Learning reward functions from demonstrations assumes that demonstrations provide adequate supervision over all features -- or task-relevant aspects o

Robust Counterfactual Inference in Markov Decision Processes

arXiv:2502.13731v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper addresses a key limitation in existing counterfactual inference methods for Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). Current approaches assume a

Robust LLM Watermarking with Minimal Semantic Distortion for IP Protection

arXiv:2605.23175v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Proprietary large language models (LLMs) face risks of intellectual property (IP) violation, as adversaries can replicate an LLM by collecting input-o

Robust OT-Guided Generative Residual Domain Adaptation for Bike-Sharing Demand Prediction under Temporal Domain Shift

arXiv:2605.23115v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Bike-sharing models trained on historical station-hour data may degrade when deployed in later years because travel patterns change over time. This pape

RT-NeRV: Rethinking Hybrid Neural Representations for Video via Residual Tokenization

arXiv:2403.12401v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Neural Representations for Videos(NeRV) have emerged as a promising paradigm for video compression by representing videos as compact neural networks

S^3GNN: Efficient Global Mixing and Local Message Passing for Long-Range Graph Learning

arXiv:2605.23467v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Message-passing neural networks (MPNNs) often suffer from an information bottleneck when capturing long-range dependencies, leading to the oversquashing

Scalable Heterogeneous Graph Foundation Models for Data-Driven Optimal Power Flow in Smart Grids

arXiv:2605.23194v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Fast and reliable optimal power flow (OPF) approximation is essential for reliable smart-grid operation, yet many learning-based surrogates either fla

Scaling-Aware Adapter for Structure-Grounded LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2602.02780v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are enabling reasoning over 2D and 3D structures, yet existing methods remain modality-specific and typically compress

Model Releases

SciHorizon-GENE: Benchmarking LLM for Life Sciences Inference from Gene Knowledge to Functional Understanding

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

arXiv:2601.12805v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown growing promise in biomedical research, particularly for knowledge-driven interpretation tasks. Howeve

Selective Ambulance Dispatch Under Contextual Travel-Time Uncertainty

arXiv:2605.23378v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Ambulance response is time-critical in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), where dispatchers must balance timely arrivals with limited fleet capaci

Self-Improving In-Context Learning

arXiv:2605.23180v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We propose to improve in-context learning (ICL) by optimizing the continuous embeddings of a fixed few-shot prompt at test time. The key observation is

Self-supervised Adversarial Purification for Graph Neural Networks

arXiv:2605.23239v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Defending Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) against adversarial attacks requires balancing accuracy and robustness, a trade-off often mishandled by tradition

Signal Temporal Logic Motion Planning via Graphs of Convex Sets

arXiv:2605.23240v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper investigates continuous-time motion planning under Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specifications. The goal is to generate smooth robot trajector

researcharxiv-cs-ro

SimInsert: Seamless Video Object Insertion via Regional Sparse Attention Fusion

arXiv:2605.23245v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Video object insertion requires ensuring spatio-temporal coherence and interactive realism, extending far beyond simple content placement. However, cu

SLIP-RS: Structured-Attribute Language-Image Pre-Training for Remote Sensing Object Detection

arXiv:2605.23144v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing language-image pre-training for remote sensing object detection is constrained by Monolithic Label Learning, which relies on exhaustively enume

Smart-Insertion-V: Photorealistic Video Insertion via a Closed-Loop Feedback Dual-Stream Framework

arXiv:2605.23891v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mask-free video object insertion has emerged as a challenging task, requiring harmonious integration of reference objects into source videos. However, e

Smoothed Elicitation Complexity for Approximate Gamma-calibration of Discrete Classification Tasks

arXiv:2605.23017v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: One prominent method of evaluating machine learning model trustworthiness is the notion of calibration. In the binary outcome setting, a probabilistic p

Solving the Aircraft Disassembly Scheduling Problem

arXiv:2605.23592v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dismantling aircrafts reaching their end of life is a complex endeavour that is necessary in terms of sustainability but yields small income margins for

SPACENUM: Revisiting Spatial Numerical Understanding in VLMs

arXiv:2605.23898v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are increasingly deployed in embodied environments, where they need produce numerical outputs such as action magnitudes an

Sparse Compositional Flow Matching by geometric assembly from motion primitives

arXiv:2605.23341v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Embodied trajectories, such as the executable motion sequences of robotic manipulators, underwater vehicles, and mobile robots, are a fundamental outp

Sparse In-Network Learning via Shortest-Path Backpropagation and Finite-Rate Gating

arXiv:2605.23424v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In-network learning (INL) trains distributed neural modules by exchanging latent activations and backpropagated errors over a communication graph. Thi

Spatio-Temporal Forecasting of Retaining Wall Deformation: Mitigating Error Accumulation via Multi-Resolution ConvLSTM Stacking Ensemble

arXiv:2603.10453v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This study proposes a multi-resolution Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (ConvLSTM) ensemble framework that leverages diverse temporal input reso

SSDAU: Structured Semantic Data Augmentation for Joint Entity and Relation Extraction

arXiv:2605.23440v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Joint Entity and Relation Extraction (JERE) is highly susceptible to weak generalization due to low-quality training data. Data augmentation is a comm

Strong Teacher Not Needed? On Distillation in LLM Pretraining

arXiv:2605.23857v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Knowledge distillation generally assumes a strong-to-weak relationship where stronger teachers yield better students. In this work, we examine this as

SyMerge: From Non-Interference to Synergistic Merging via Single-Layer Adaptation

arXiv:2412.19098v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Model merging combines independently trained models into a single multi-task model. However, most existing approaches focus primarily on avoiding ta

TCAP: Tri-Component Attention Profiling for Unsupervised Backdoor Detection in MLLM Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2601.21692v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Fine-Tuning-as-a-Service (FTaaS) facilitates the customization of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) but introduces critical backdoor risks vi

Tensor Cache: Eviction-conditioned Associative Memory for Transformers

arXiv:2605.22884v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autoregressive Transformer KV caches grow linearly with context length; sliding-window caching bounds memory but discards evicted tokens entirely, so

The Efficiency Frontier: A Unified Framework for Cost-Performance Optimization in LLM Context Management

arXiv:2605.23071v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) increasingly rely on long-context processing, but expanding context windows introduces substantial computational and financ

The ramp up of cancer immunotherapy is remarkable. Now we're seeing vaccines achieve some cures or remissions in the most refractory cancers…

The ramp up of cancer immunotherapy is remarkable. Now we're seeing vaccines achieve some cures or remissions in the most refractory cancers: pancreatic, melanoma, glioblastoma, renal, triple-negative

researchyann-lecun--x

Thinking of AI as a productivity booster for prior workflows is the wrong framing. Like all of the previous waves of computerization/softwar…

researchfrancois-chollet--x

Thinking of AI as a productivity booster for prior workflows is the wrong framing. Like all of the previous waves of computerization/softwarization, AI is a tool that lets you do new things in new way

Training-Free Looped Transformers

arXiv:2605.23872v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce training-free looped transformers, in which a lightweight inference-time wrapper loops a contiguous mid-stack block of layers of a frozen c

Training-Free Rate-Distortion-Perception Traversal With Diffusion

arXiv:2603.04005v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rate-distortion-perception (RDP) tradeoff characterizes the fundamental limits of lossy compression by jointly considering bitrate, recons

TurkicNLP: An NLP Toolkit for Turkic Languages

arXiv:2602.19174v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Natural language processing for the Turkic language family, spoken by over 200 million people across Eurasia, remains fragmented, with most language

U-CESE: Unified Clip-based Event Search Engine for AI Challenge HCMC 2025

arXiv:2605.23274v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieving events from large-scale video datasets is challenging due to complex temporal, spatial, and multimodal information. This paper presents U-CES

Understanding Task Aggregation for Generalizable Ultrasound Foundation Models

arXiv:2603.18123v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Foundation models promise to unify multiple clinical tasks within a single framework, but recent ultrasound studies report that unified models

Universal Matrix Multiplication on Quantum Computer

arXiv:2408.03085v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As the most central and computationally intensive component of deep neural networks, the execution efficiency of matrix multiplication directl

Valid and Expressive Copulas for Irregular Multivariate Time Series

arXiv:2605.23632v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce CopFITi, a copula model for probabilistic forecasting of irregular multivariate time series (IMTS). Our model combines the expressivity of

Verified Task-Space Motion Planning Under Joint-Space Constraints

arXiv:2605.22991v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reactive task-space planners such as Bug2 operate with fixed Cartesian step sizes and are unaware of the manipulator's joint-angle limits. When the Jaco

researcharxiv-cs-ro

VGAS: Value-Guided Action-Chunk Selection for Few-Shot Vision-Language-Action Adaptation

arXiv:2602.07399v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Vision--Language--Action (VLA) models bridge multimodal reasoning with physical control, but adapting them to new tasks with scarce demonstrations r

WeCon: An Efficient Weight-Conditioned Neural Solver for Multi-Objective Combinatorial Optimization Problems

arXiv:2605.22876v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing neural solvers for Multi-Objective Combinatorial Optimization Problems (MOCOPs) commonly adopt decomposition-based strategies that scalarize an

Weierstrass Positional Encoding for Vision Transformers

arXiv:2605.23719v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision Transformers have achieved remarkable success in computer vision, but their common use of learnable one-dimensional positional encodings weaken

Weisfeiler-Leman Is Incomplete on Simple Spectrum Graphs, so Canonicalize Them

arXiv:2605.23446v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graphs with a simple spectrum admit cubic-time isomorphism testing, yet we prove that for every natural number k, the k-Weisfeiler-Leman (k-WL) test can

What Does the Server See? Understanding Privacy Leakage from Large Language Models in Split Inference

arXiv:2605.23158v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The deployment of large language models (LLMs) on resource-constrained devices remains challenging, spurring interest in split inference, where models

When Do LLMs Reason? A Dynamical Systems View via Entropy Phase Transitions

arXiv:2605.22873v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning has become the default strategy for enhancing LLM capabilities, yet its application raises a fundamental question: wh

When One Point Is Not Enough: Addressing Ambiguous Instances in Dimensionality Reduction by Splitting

arXiv:2605.23540v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dimensionality Reduction (DR) methods are widely used to visualize high-dimensional data. One key task in DR-based analysis is discovering neighborhoods