Search: “llm”

BioVLM: Routing Prompts, Not Parameters, for Cross-Modality Generalization in Biomedical VLMs

arXiv:2604.17629v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Pretrained biomedical vision-language models (VLMs) such as BioMedCLIP perform well on average but often degrade on challenging modalities where inter-c

researcharxiv-cs-cv

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Bounded Ratio Reinforcement Learning

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.18578v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) has become the predominant algorithm for on-policy reinforcement learning due to its scalability and empirical robust

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

21 Apr 2026

BrainMem: Brain-Inspired Evolving Memory for Embodied Agent Task Planning

arXiv:2604.16331v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Embodied task planning requires agents to execute long-horizon, goal-directed actions in complex 3D environments, where success depends on both immedi

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

CAPO: Counterfactual Credit Assignment in Sequential Cooperative Teams

arXiv:2604.17693v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In cooperative teams where agents act in a fixed order and share a single team reward, it is hard to know how much each agent contributed, and harder st

CLAG: Adaptive Memory Organization via Agent-Driven Clustering for Small Language Model Agents

arXiv:2603.15421v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language model agents heavily rely on external memory to support knowledge reuse and complex reasoning tasks. Yet most memory systems store ex

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Countdown-Code: A Testbed for Studying The Emergence and Generalization of Reward Hacking in RLVR

arXiv:2603.07084v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reward hacking is a form of misalignment in which models overoptimize proxy rewards without genuinely solving the underlying task. Precisely m

CRISP: Compressing Redundancy in Chain-of-Thought via Intrinsic Saliency Pruning

arXiv:2604.17297v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning is pivotal for the success of recent reasoning models but suffers from high computational overhead and latency. Wh

Tutorials

DAG-STL: A Hierarchical Framework for Zero-Shot Trajectory Planning under Signal Temporal Logic Specifications

arXiv:2604.18343v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a powerful language for specifying temporally structured robotic tasks. Planning executable trajectories under STL constr

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ro

Decoding RWA Tokenized U.S. Treasuries: Functional Dissection and Address Role Inference

arXiv:2507.14808v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Tokenized U.S. Treasuries have emerged as a prominent subclass of real-world assets (RWAs), offering cryptographically secured, yield-bearing

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Decoupling the Effect of Chain-of-Thought Reasoning: A Human Label Variation Perspective

arXiv:2601.03154v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reasoning-tuned LLMs utilizing long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) excel at single-answer tasks, yet their ability to model Human Label Variation--which req

Does Welsh media need a review? Detecting bias in Nation.Cymru's political reporting

arXiv:2604.17628v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Wales' political landscape has been marked by growing accusations of bias in Welsh media. This paper takes the first computational step toward testing t

Driving in Corner Case: A Real-World Adversarial Closed-Loop Evaluation Platform for End-to-End Autonomous Driving

arXiv:2512.16055v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Safety-critical corner cases, difficult to collect in the real world, are crucial for evaluating end-to-end autonomous driving. Adversarial interact

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

DynaWeb: Model-Based Reinforcement Learning of Web Agents

arXiv:2601.22149v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The development of autonomous web agents, powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) and reinforcement learning (RL), represents a significant step tow

ExAI5G: A Logic-Based Explainable AI Framework for Intrusion Detection in 5G Networks

arXiv:2604.18052v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) for 5G networks must handle complex, high-volume traffic. Although opaque 'black-box' models can achieve high accur

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Explanation Bias is a Product: Revealing the Hidden Lexical and Position Preferences in Post-Hoc Feature Attribution

arXiv:2512.11108v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Good quality explanations strengthen the understanding of language models and data. Feature attribution methods, such as Integrated Gradient, are a

Extending One-Step Image Generation from Class Labels to Text via Discriminative Text Representation

arXiv:2604.18168v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Few-step generation has been a long-standing goal, with recent one-step generation methods exemplified by MeanFlow achieving remarkable results. Existin

researcharxiv-cs-cv

FairNVT: Improving Fairness via Noise Injection in Vision Transformers

arXiv:2604.16780v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper presents FairNVT, a lightweight debiasing framework for pretrained transformer-based encoders that improves both representation and predictio

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Local Ai

FM-CAC: Carbon-Aware Control for Battery-Buffered Edge AI via Time-Series Foundation Models

arXiv:2604.16448v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As edge AI deployments scale to billions of devices running always-on, real-time compound AI pipelines, they represent a massive and largely unmanaged

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Function Words as Statistical Cues for Language Learning

arXiv:2601.21191v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: What statistical properties might support learning abstract grammatical knowledge from linear input? We address this question by examining the stati

Graph Neural Networks for Graphs with Heterophily: A Survey

arXiv:2202.07082v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent years have witnessed fast developments of graph neural networks (GNNs) that have benefited myriad graph analytic tasks and applications. Most

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Tutorials

Heterogeneity in Formal Linguistic Competence of Language Models: Is Data the Real Bottleneck?

arXiv:2604.17930v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit a puzzling disparity in their formal linguistic competence: while they learn some linguistic phenomena with near-pe

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cl

Heterogeneous Self-Play for Realistic Highway Traffic Simulation

arXiv:2604.16406v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Realistic highway simulation is critical for scalable safety evaluation of autonomous vehicles, particularly for interactions that are too rare to stu

How Much Data is Enough? The Zeta Law of Discoverability in Biomedical Data, featuring the enigmatic Riemann zeta function

arXiv:2604.17581v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: How much data is enough to make a scientific discovery? As biomedical datasets scale to millions of samples and AI models grow in capacity, progress inc

researcharxiv-cs-lg

How Training Data Shapes the Use of Parametric and In-Context Knowledge in Language Models

arXiv:2510.02370v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models leverage both parametric knowledge acquired during pretraining and in-context knowledge provided at inference time. Crucially,

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Human-Centered Supervision for Sentiment Analysis in Telugu: A Systematic Inquiry Beyond Accuracy

arXiv:2508.01486v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Sentiment analysis for low-resource languages remains challenging in an era where interpretability, human alignment, and fairness are increasingly n

Hybrid Multi-Dimensional MRI Prostate Cancer Detection via Hadamard Network-Based Bias Correction and Residual Networks

arXiv:2604.17107v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is vital for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. While advanced techniques such as Hybrid Multi-dimensional MRI (HM-MRI) h

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Inertia in Moral and Value Judgments of Large Language Models

arXiv:2408.09049v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) behave non-deterministically, and prompting has become a common method for steering their outputs. A popular strategy i

Inflated Excellence or True Performance? Rethinking Medical Diagnostic Benchmarks with Dynamic Evaluation

arXiv:2510.09275v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Medical diagnostics is a high-stakes and complex domain that is critical to patient care. However, current evaluations of large language models (LLM

Injecting Structured Biomedical Knowledge into Language Models: Continual Pretraining vs. GraphRAG

arXiv:2604.16422v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The injection of domain-specific knowledge is crucial for adapting language models (LMs) to specialized fields such as biomedicine. While most current a

Latent Abstraction for Retrieval-Augmented Generation

arXiv:2604.17866v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a standard approach for enhancing large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge, mitigating hallu

Learning Stable Predictors from Weak Supervision under Distribution Shift

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.05002v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Learning from weak, proxy, or relative supervision is common when ground-truth labels are unavailable, but robustness under distribution shift remai

Learning to Correct: Calibrated Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Attempt Chain-of-Thought

arXiv:2604.17912v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: State-of-the-art reasoning models utilize long chain-of-thought (CoT) to solve increasingly complex problems using more test-time computation. In this w

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Learning to Trade Like an Expert: Cognitive Fine-Tuning for Stable Financial Reasoning in Language Models

arXiv:2604.16862v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent deployments of large language models (LLMs) as autonomous trading agents raise questions about whether financial decision-making competence gener

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

LIFT the Veil for the Truth: Principal Weights Emerge after Rank Reduction for Reasoning-Focused Supervised Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2506.00772v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent studies have shown that supervised fine-tuning of LLMs on a small number of high-quality datasets can yield strong reasoning capabiliti

Linear-Time and Constant-Memory Text Embeddings Based on Recurrent Language Models

arXiv:2604.18199v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transformer-based embedding models suffer from quadratic computational and linear memory complexity, limiting their utility for long sequences. We propo

Live LTL Progress Tracking: Towards Task-Based Exploration

arXiv:2604.17106v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Motivated by the challenge presented by non-Markovian objectives in reinforcement learning (RL), we present a novel framework to track and represent the

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Logical Computational Linguistics

arXiv:2604.17346v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this book we promote logical computational linguistics as opposed to statistical computational linguistics. In particular, we provide a logical seman

LQM: Linguistically Motivated Multidimensional Quality Metrics for Machine Translation

arXiv:2604.18490v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing MT evaluation frameworks, including automatic metrics and human evaluation schemes such as Multidimensional Quality Metrics (MQM), are largely

Mapping Election Toxicity on Social Media across Issue, Ideology, and Psychosocial Dimensions

arXiv:2604.16765v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Online political hostility is pervasive, yet it remains unclear how toxicity varies across campaign issues and political ideology, and what psychosoci

MeasHalu: Mitigation of Scientific Measurement Hallucinations for Large Language Models with Enhanced Reasoning

arXiv:2604.16929v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The accurate extraction of scientific measurements from literature is a critical yet challenging task in AI4Science, enabling large-scale analysis and i

Modeling Human Perspectives with Socio-Demographic Representations

arXiv:2604.18069v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Humans often hold different perspectives on the same issues. In many NLP tasks, annotation disagreement can reflect valid subjective perspectives. Model

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

MTSQL-R1: Towards Long-Horizon Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL via Agentic Training

arXiv:2510.12831v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multi-turn Text-to-SQL aims to translate a user's conversational utterances into executable SQL while preserving dialogue coherence and grounding to

Local Ai

Network-wide Freeway Traffic Estimation Using Sparse Sensor Data: A Dirichlet Graph Auto-Encoder Approach

arXiv:2503.15845v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Network-wide Traffic State Estimation (TSE), which aims to infer a complete image of network traffic states with sparsely deployed sensors, plays a

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Oblivion: Self-Adaptive Agentic Memory Control through Decay-Driven Activation

arXiv:2604.00131v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Human memory adapts through selective forgetting: experiences become less accessible over time but can be reactivated by reinforcement or contextual

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Online Conformal Prediction with Adversarial Semi-bandit Feedback via Regret Minimization

arXiv:2604.17984v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Uncertainty quantification is crucial in safety-critical systems, where decisions must be made under uncertainty. In particular, we consider the problem

PARM: Pipeline-Adapted Reward Model

arXiv:2604.18327v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reward models (RMs) are central to aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences, powering RLHF and advanced decoding strategies. While

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

PaTaRM: Bridging Pairwise and Pointwise Signals via Preference-Aware Task-Adaptive Reward Modeling

arXiv:2510.24235v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reward models (RMs) are central to reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), providing the critical supervision signals that align large la

Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Biological 2D{+}t Reaction-Diffusion Systems

arXiv:2604.18548v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) provide a powerful framework for learning governing equations of dynamical systems from data. Biologically-info

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg