Search: “agents”

Asterism: Exploring and Synthesizing Scattered Observations into Literature-Grounded Hypotheses and Theories

arXiv:2610.02673v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A theory draws many independent observations into one framework with novel hypotheses. A researcher building such a theory must synthesize observation

researcharxiv-cs-cl

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Model Releases

CriticHack: Evaluating Visual Rewards Under Robot Policy Optimization

DGX agent

arXiv:2610.02527v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Learned visual reward models are increasingly used to optimize robot policies, yet a reward model can score an execution that acts on the wrong object

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

5 Oct 2026

Designing the Future of User Feedback for Generative AI

arXiv:2610.02631v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Post-deployment feedback from users can be a cost-effective, scalable, and representative means to monitor and improve generative AI systems and feature

Efficient Reasoning Training Does Not Always Harm CoT Faithfulness and Monitorability

arXiv:2610.03509v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning allows humans to inspect how large language models reach their answers, and oversee model behaviour. This reasoning com

Enhancing Biomedical Named Entity Recognition via Multiple Programming Languages Instruction Tuning and Ensemble Method

arXiv:2610.02949v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Instruction tuning has become a common paradigm for applying large language models (LLMs) to biomedical named entity recognition (BioNER). However, exis

Equivariant Flow Matching for Electron Density Prediction

arXiv:2610.02651v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Machine learning surrogates for density functional theory (DFT) have been increasingly used to reduce the cost of first-principles calculations. In th

Evaluating the Retrieval Robustness of Large Language Models

arXiv:2505.21870v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) generally enhances large language models' (LLMs) ability to solve knowledge-intensive tasks. But RAG coul

FALCON: A Model and Dataset Agnostic Framework for Synthetic Data Generation for NL2SQL Pairs

arXiv:2610.03625v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Relational databases are among the most widely deployed forms of structured knowledge, and natural language access to them requires grounding language o

HXAI: Hierarchical Privacy-Preserving Explainable AI in Distributed Energy Systems

arXiv:2610.02504v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Balancing electricity demand and supply is increasingly difficult due to the inherent intermittency of renewable power generation and the stochastic pow

Hypothesis-guided discovery of cognitive algorithms via program refinement

arXiv:2610.02523v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Developing cognitive models of algorithmic reasoning from behavioral data is a central problem in cognitive science that challenges current methods. Tra

Metropolis-Hastings Dominates Importance Resampling for Policy Composition

arXiv:2610.03480v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Post-training a large language model (LLM) often requires exploring trade-offs between multiple rewards, but retraining for each trade-off is expensive.

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Not Until the Evidence Says So: Teaching LLM Investigators When to Close a Case

arXiv:2610.03190v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accident, defect and outage investigations end with a decision that ordinary question answering never faces: whether the evidence gathered so far is e

On-Premises Multi-Course RAG Tutoring for Business Education: Hardware-Software Trade-offs in a Campus AI Tutor

arXiv:2610.02510v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Campus AI tutors based on retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) must ground answers in assigned course materials while keeping textbooks and student dial

OpenBox: Annotate Any Bounding Boxes in 3D

arXiv:2512.01352v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Unsupervised and open-vocabulary 3D object detection have recently gained attention, particularly in autonomous driving, where reducing annotation c

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

PaMIR: Open Benchmark of Public Credit-Default Datasets

arXiv:2610.03259v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We release PaMIR (Public Arrival-ordered Measurement for Inference in Risk), an open benchmark for credit-default prediction when labels are scarce and

Tutorials

PAPER2LLM++: Continual Self-Evolution of LLMs from Research Papers

arXiv:2610.02793v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Research on LLMs continually uncovers model limitations, their causes, and potential solutions. Yet these human discoveries remain largely disconnected

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

RASPER: Reward-Aligned Summarization of Clinical Notes for EHR Outcome Prediction

arXiv:2610.02979v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Unstructured discharge notes in Electronic Health Records (EHRs) often carry signal complementary to structured medical codes, holding patient-specific

Reasoning Models Are Accurate but Unsound on Identification

arXiv:2610.03519v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A reasoning model asked whether a causal effect is recoverable from observational data can fail in two ways: it refuses an identifiable query or answers

Relevant Evidence Decoding for Audio-Visual Hallucination Mitigation

arXiv:2610.02976v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Audio-Visual Large Language Models (AV-LLMs) remain prone to cross-modal hallucinations, where one modality incorrectly affects predictions about anothe

Tutorials

Reliable Self-Evolution with Imperfect Proxy Rewards

arXiv:2610.02975v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM)-based self-evolving search is a promising approach to scientific discovery. However, high-fidelity evaluation of every candid

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

RoboChemGym: A Protocol-Driven Generative Simulation Framework for Long-Horizon Chemical Manipulation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2610.02708v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Wet-lab experimentation serves as the gold standard for hypothesis verification in scientific discovery; yet it is inherently labor-intensive, costly, a

Applications

Time Series Forecasting Benchmarks Need Scenario-Grounded Stress Testing

arXiv:2610.02608v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Time series forecasting (TSF) increasingly drives decisions in transportation, energy, finance, healthcare, and infrastructure, yet current evaluation r

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

When Can We Trust the Matching Principle? Robust Deployment Geometry Under Finite-Sample and Model Uncertainty

arXiv:2610.02894v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Match only geometry you can identify; otherwise spread the penalty. We quantify that decision by the trust ratio tau = epsilon / gamma (estimation unc

Who Went Where When on the Lunar Surface: Forensic Trajectory Analysis to Identify Byzantine Rovers

arXiv:2610.02694v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Future planetary surface missions are likely to involve multiple independently operated rovers sharing the same deployment region, raising the need to v

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

World Embedding Benchmark

arXiv:2610.03632v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Physical fidelity has received increasing attention in world models and video generation, yet how video representations encode physical information re

Writerslogic at the CLEF 2026 SimpleText Track: Multi-Candidate LLM Simplification and Stacked Complexity Spotting

arXiv:2610.03567v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We describe the Writerslogic team's participation in the CLEF 2026 SimpleText shared task, addressing Task 1 (text simplification) and Task 2 (complexit

ZeBROD: Zero-Retraining Based Recognition and Object Detection Framework

arXiv:2512.04888v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Object detection constitutes the primary task within the domain of computer vision. It is utilized in numerous domains. Nonetheless, object detectio

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Asynchronous LLM Post-Training: Group-Mass Capping and Convergence Analysis

arXiv:2610.01896v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Asynchronous reinforcement learning (RL) improves the efficiency of large language model post-training but introduces stale rollouts generated by earl

Closed-Loop Refinement and Execution for Learned Driving Planners

arXiv:2610.00992v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Learning-based driving planners are usually trained and evaluated in open loop against logged trajectories. In closed loop, a trajectory with small di

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Counterfactual Auditing of Bias in Open-Source Large Language Models for Clinical Triage

arXiv:2610.01963v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Emergency department (ED) triage is a high-stakes prioritization task in which demographic, socioeconomic, and system-context information may improperly

Decision Titan: Test-Time Training for Long-Term Memory in Offline Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2610.01513v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-term dependencies remain a major challenge for sequential decision-making in the field of AI: RNNs suffer from vanishing gradients and the limited

End-to-End Learning vs. Modular Architectures: Comparative Insights into Autonomous Driving Systems

arXiv:2610.01746v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autonomous driving systems have become a central focus of intelligent transportation research, with End-to-End Learning and Modular Architectures offe

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Every Ablation Is a Dose: Counterweights and the Semblance of Self-Repair

arXiv:2610.02173v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Ablate a component of a language model, and other components often appear to adjust and compensate. This phenomenon, termed self-repair, has been observ

FERPO: Forward Entropy-Regularized Policy Optimization

arXiv:2610.02198v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Several state-of-the-art methods for online reinforcement learning in continuous control improve policies using action gradients of a learned critic.

Forking: Sudden Overfitting Under Replay

arXiv:2610.00394v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper studies forking, a generalization failure discovered in NanoGPT autoresearch. Under data replay, models with an over-encoding n-gram memory b

Homomorphic Advantage Operator: Stabilizing Reinforcement Learning Under Fully Homomorphic Encryption Constraints

arXiv:2610.02074v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Privacy-preserving machine learning presents significant deployment challenges on the cloud for intelligent systems with confidential data. Fully Homomo

How Much Can Language Models Gain from Test-Time Computation?

arXiv:2610.01110v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: How much can test-time computation improve a language model, and at what cost? Test-time scaling is widely proposed as a substitute for larger models, b

HydroJEV: A one-second, training-free screen for cyber-attack and fault attribution in water distribution networks

arXiv:2610.02048v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When a SCADA alarm is raised in a water distribution network, operators must decide quickly whether it reflects a cyberattack, a physical fault, a norma

Invent a Dataset: Measuring dataset generation abilities with zero seed

arXiv:2610.01674v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Building datasets remains one of the most manual and brittle parts of AI development. In this technical report, we focus on the most extreme but also mo

Measuring the Stability Assumption Behind Action Chunking

arXiv:2610.01626v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Action chunking improves the performance of policies learned by behavioural cloning, and several mechanisms have been proposed to explain why, including

MECHVAR: Variance-Guided Mechanism Discrimination for Autonomous Machine Learning Experiment Selection

arXiv:2610.01819v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Benchmark gains are often mechanism-ambiguous: reproducing an improvement does not by itself identify why it occurs. We study finite-library mechanism d

MorphoBranch: A Fine-Structure-Preserving Workbench for Morphometric Analysis of Branched Cellular Structures

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2610.00860v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Background and Objectives: Fluorescence-labeled cellular arbors provide readouts of neuronal and microglial morphology, but fine and weakly labeled pr

On the Divergence of Accuracy and Mechanism Consistency in Time Series World Models

arXiv:2610.01842v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A time series world model (TSWM) predicts a controlled system's state from its observed history and planned actions and exogenous inputs. Current approa

OpenMTB-Audit: Exposing Over-Refusal and Clinical Expert Perspectives in LLM-Based Molecular Tumor Board Safety Evaluation

arXiv:2610.01497v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Molecular tumor boards integrate genomic findings, clinical context, and therapeutic evidence to support precision oncology. As AI enters this workflow,

Permutation-Robust Decision Modeling with Candidate-Independent Block-Causal Attention

arXiv:2610.01601v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Decision models often score a variable-sized set of candidate actions encoded in a single sequence. This setting is increasingly relevant for System 1

ReCast: Contract-Preserving Protection for Fixed-Interface Multimodal Reasoning

arXiv:2610.01184v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Remote multimodal models offer strong numerical reasoning capabilities over charts and speech, but sending private inputs risks exposing sensitive con

Reinforcement Learning to Accelerate Primal-Dual Hybrid Gradient for Linear Programming

arXiv:2610.01546v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Primal-dual hybrid gradient (PDHG) methods solve large-scale linear programs (LPs) using GPU-friendly matrix-vector products and projections, but thei

Reputation, Strategy, and Emotion Effects on Generative AI Cooperation: A Comparison Across Reasoning and Non-Reasoning Models

arXiv:2610.01222v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As generative AI (Gen AI) systems take on increasingly autonomous roles in economically and socially consequential interactions, understanding their pro