Search: “science”

You Have Been LaTeXpOsEd: A Systematic Analysis of Information Leakage in Preprint Archives Using Large Language Models

arXiv:2510.03761v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The widespread use of preprint repositories such as arXiv has accelerated the communication of scientific results but also introduced overlook

12 May 2026

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Does Your Neural Network Extrapolate? Feature Engineering as Identifiability Bias for OOD Generalization

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.07483v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Successful deep neural networks discover salient features of data. We show when and why they fail to learn out-of-distribution (OOD)-relevant represen

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

11 May 2026

Domain-level metacognitive monitoring in frontier LLMs: A 33-model atlas

arXiv:2605.06673v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Aggregate metacognitive quality scores mask within-model variation across MMLU benchmark domains. We administered 1,500 MMLU items (250 per domain, un

From Pixels to Prompts: Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2605.07544v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When you read a paper about a new Vision-Language Model today, it can be easy to forget how strange this idea would have sounded not so long ago. Teachi

Agents

From Storage to Experience: A Survey on the Evolution of LLM Agent Memory Mechanisms

arXiv:2605.06716v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have fundamentally reshaped artificial intelligence by integrating external tools and planning capabilities. Whi

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

MiniAppBench: Evaluating the Shift from Text to Interactive HTML Responses in LLM-Powered Assistants

arXiv:2603.09652v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) in code generation, human-AI interaction is evolving from static text responses to dynami

Tutorials

Path Integration and Object-Location Binding Emerge in an Action-Conditioned Predictive Sequence Network

arXiv:2602.03490v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Adaptive cognition requires structured internal models of objects and their relations. Predictive neural networks are often proposed to learn such w

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Reflections and New Directions for Human-Centered Large Language Models

arXiv:2605.06901v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly shaping the private and professional lives of users, with numerous applications in business, education, fi

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Reliable Chain-of-Thought via Prefix Consistency

arXiv:2605.07654v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models often improve accuracy on reasoning tasks by sampling multiple Chain-of-Thought (CoT) traces and aggregating them with majority

SOD: Step-wise On-policy Distillation for Small Language Model Agents

arXiv:2605.07725v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Tool-integrated reasoning (TIR) is difficult to scale to small language models due to instability in long-horizon tool interactions and limited model

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

StreamPhy: Streaming Inference of High-Dimensional Physical Dynamics via State Space Models

arXiv:2605.07384v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Inferring the evolution of high-dimensional and multi-modal (e.g., spatio-temporal) physical fields from irregular sparse measurements in real time is a

TAVIS: A Benchmark for Egocentric Active Vision and Anticipatory Gaze in Imitation Learning

arXiv:2605.07943v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Active vision -- where a policy controls its own gaze during manipulation -- has emerged as a key capability for imitation learning, with multiple ind

Test-Time Compute Games

arXiv:2601.21839v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Test-time compute has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs). However, this strate

Applications

Vibe coding before the trend

arXiv:2605.07751v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Early 2025 we ran a series of vibe coding challenges across four different student cohorts. The cohorts included 54 ICT students, 24 digital marketing

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Anatomy of a failure: When, how, and why deep vision fails in scientific domains

arXiv:2605.04231v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mirroring its ubiquity in popular media and all human activities, the use of deep learning (DL) is rapidly growing in scientific imaging modalities. How

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Hardware

Deep Wave Network for Modeling Multi-Scale Physical Dynamics

arXiv:2605.04198v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Performance of deep learning models is strongly governed by architectural capacity, with width and depth as primary controls. However, in physical-scien

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

Applications

Human-AI Co-Mentorship in Project-Based Learning: A Case Study in Financial Forecasting

arXiv:2605.05144v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper reflects on a AI research project carried out by a team of high-school and early-undergraduate students under the mentorship of graduate rese

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

S1-MMAlign: A Large-Scale, Multi-Disciplinary Dataset for Scientific Figure-Text Understanding

arXiv:2601.00264v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multimodal learning has revolutionized general domain tasks, yet its application in scientific discovery is hindered by the profound semantic gap be

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Stop Automating Peer Review Without Rigorous Evaluation

arXiv:2605.03202v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models offer a tempting solution to address the peer review crisis. This position paper argues that today's AI systems should not be used

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Conditional Diffusion Sampling

arXiv:2605.04013v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sampling from unnormalized multimodal distributions with limited density evaluations remains a fundamental challenge in machine learning and natural s

Do LLMs have core beliefs?

arXiv:2605.03255v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked debate about whether these systems exhibit human-level cognition. In this debate, little attention

Evaluating Reasoning Models for Queries with Presuppositions

arXiv:2605.03050v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Millions of users turn to AI models for their information needs. It is conceivable that a large number of user queries contain assumptions that may be f

Hierarchical Memorization in Large Language Models: Evidence from Citation Generation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2511.08877v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) generate fluent text across a wide range of tasks, but the fabrication of non-existent academic citations remains a cri

Learning to Theorize the World from Observation

arXiv:2605.03413v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: What does it mean to understand the world? Contemporary world models often operationalize understanding as accurate future prediction in latent or obser

Partial-differential-algebraic equations of nonlinear dynamics by Physics-Informed Neural-Network: (I) Operator splitting and framework assessment

arXiv:2408.01914v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Several forms for constructing novel physics-informed neural-networks (PINN) for the solution of partial-differential-algebraic equations base

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Accelerating battery research with an AI interface between FINALES and Kadi4Mat

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.00909v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The time-consuming formation process critically impacts the longevity of sodium-ion coin cells and End Of Life (EOL) performance. This study aims to o

Artificial intelligence language technologies in multilingual healthcare: Grand challenges ahead

arXiv:2605.01441v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI language technologies (AILTs), increasingly enabled by large language models (LLMs), are becoming embedded in multilingual healthcare workflows for t

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Tutorials

Earth System Foundation Model (ESFM): A unified framework for heterogeneous data integration and forecasting

arXiv:2605.00850v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Foundation models (FMs) for the Earth system learn statistical relationships between physical variables across massive datasets to enable versatile do

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

GR-Ben: A General Reasoning Benchmark for Evaluating Process Reward Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.01203v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Currently, process reward models (PRMs) have exhibited remarkable potential for test-time scaling. Since large language models (LLMs) regularly genera

Machine Learning Enhanced Laser Spectroscopy for Multi-Species Gas Detection in Complex and Harsh Environments

arXiv:2605.01306v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) is a well-established technique for non-intrusive measurement of gas species in combustion and atmospheric environ

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

RamanBench: A Large-Scale Benchmark for Machine Learning on Raman Spectroscopy

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.02003v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine Learning (ML) has transformed many scientific fields, yet key applications still lack standardized benchmarks. Raman spectroscopy, a widely used

SurGE: A Benchmark and Evaluation Framework for Scientific Survey Generation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2508.15658v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The rapid growth of academic literature makes the manual creation of scientific surveys increasingly infeasible. While large language models show pr

Local Ai

TagRAG: Tag-guided Hierarchical Knowledge Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation

arXiv:2601.05254v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation enhances language models by retrieving external knowledge to support informed and grounded responses. However,

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

The Topology of Multimodal Fusion: Why Current Architectures Fail at Creative Cognition

arXiv:2604.04465v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper identifies a structural limitation in current multimodal AI architectures that is topological rather than parametric. Contrastive alignme

Comparing Exploration-Exploitation Strategies of LLMs and Humans: Insights from Standard Multi-armed Bandit Experiments

arXiv:2505.09901v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate or automate human behavior in complex sequential decision-making settings. A na

Towards Robust and Scalable Density-based Clustering via Graph Propagation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.00390v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present extit{CluProp}, a novel framework that reimagines varied-density clustering in high-dimensional spaces as a label propagation process over ne

VGR: Visual Grounded Reasoning

arXiv:2506.11991v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In the field of multimodal chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, existing approaches predominantly rely on reasoning on pure language space, which

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Tutorials

What Don't You Understand? Using Large Language Models to Identify and Characterize Student Misconceptions About Challenging Topics

arXiv:2605.00294v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This study presents a systematic approach to identifying and characterizing student misconceptions in online learning environments through a novel combi

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cl

Agents

Chronology of Multi-Agent Interactions for Provenance of Evolving Information

arXiv:2504.12612v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Provenance is the chronological history of things, resonating with the fundamental pursuit to uncover origins, trace connections, and situate entiti

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Decoding Scientific Experimental Images: The SPUR Benchmark for Perception, Understanding, and Reasoning

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2604.27604v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce SPUR, a comprehensive benchmark for scientific experimental image perception, understanding, and reasoning, comprising 4,264 question-answe

Agents

Heterogeneous Scientific Foundation Model Collaboration

arXiv:2604.27351v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agentic large language model systems have demonstrated strong capabilities. However, their reliance on language as the universal interface fundamentally

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Language Ideologies in a Multilingual Society: An LLM-based Analysis of Luxembourgish News Comments

arXiv:2604.27661v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Detecting language ideologies is a valuable yet complex task for understanding how identities are constructed through discourse. In Luxembourg's multicu

Mapping how LLMs debate societal issues when shadowing human personality traits, sociodemographics and social media behavior

arXiv:2604.27624v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) can strongly shape social discourse, yet datasets investigating how LLM outputs vary across controlled social and context

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Math Education Digital Shadows for facilitating learning with LLMs: Math performance, anxiety and confidence in simulated students and AIs

arXiv:2604.27618v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: To enhance LLMs' impact on math education, we need data on their mathematical prowess and biases across prompts. To fill this gap, we introduce MEDS (Ma

Path-Lock Expert: Separating Reasoning Mode in Hybrid Thinking via Architecture-Level Separation

arXiv:2604.27201v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Hybrid-thinking language models expose explicit think and no-think modes, but current designs do not separate them cleanly. Even in no-think mode, mod

researcharxiv-cs-ai

RPC-Bench: A Fine-grained Benchmark for Research Paper Comprehension

arXiv:2601.14289v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Understanding research papers remains challenging for foundation models due to specialized scientific discourse and complex figures and tables

Simulating Infant First-Person Sensorimotor Experience via Motion Retargeting from Babies to Humanoids

arXiv:2604.27583v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Motion retargeting from humans to human-like artificial agents is becoming increasingly important as humanoid robots grow more capable. However, most

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Stress Testing Factual Consistency Metrics for Long-Document Summarization

arXiv:2511.07689v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Evaluating the factual consistency of abstractive text summarization remains a significant challenge, particularly for long documents, where c