Search: “inference”

On Emergent Social World Models -- Evidence for Functional Integration of Theory of Mind and Pragmatic Reasoning in Language Models

arXiv:2602.10298v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper investigates whether LMs recruit shared computational mechanisms for general Theory of Mind (ToM) and language-specific pragmatic reasoni

researcharxiv-cs-cl

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Research

Passage-Aware Structural Mapping for RGB-D Visual SLAM

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.24707v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Doorways and passages are critical structural elements for indoor robot navigation, yet they remain underexplored in modern Visual SLAM (VSLAM) framewor

researcharxiv-cs-ro

28 Apr 2026

PhysNote: Self-Knowledge Notes for Evolvable Physical Reasoning in Vision-Language Model

arXiv:2604.24443v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on textbook-style physics problems, yet they frequently fail when confronted with dyn

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Hardware

PointTransformerX:Portable and Efficient 3D Point Cloud Processing without Sparse Algorithms

arXiv:2604.24169v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: 3D point cloud perception remains tightly coupled to custom CUDA operators for spatial operations, limiting portability and efficiency on non-NVIDIA, AM

hardwarearxiv-cs-cv

Poster: ClawdGo: Endogenous Security Awareness Training for Autonomous AI Agents

arXiv:2604.24020v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autonomous AI agents deployed on platforms such as OpenClaw face prompt injection, memory poisoning, supply-chain attacks, and social engineering, yet

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Progressive Approximation in Deep Residual Networks: Theory and Validation

arXiv:2604.24154v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The Universal Approximation Theorem (UAT) guarantees universal function approximation but does not explain how residual models distribute approximatio

RADIANT-LLM: an Agentic Retrieval Augmented Generation Framework for Reliable Decision Support in Safety-Critical Nuclear Engineering

arXiv:2604.22755v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reliable decision support in nuclear engineering requires traceable, domain-grounded knowledge retrieval, yet safety and risk analysis workflows remai

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

RaV-IDP: A Reconstruction-as-Validation Framework for Faithful Intelligent Document Processing

arXiv:2604.23644v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Intelligent document processing pipelines extract structured entities (tables, images, and text) from documents for use in downstream systems such as

Hardware

Reward Models Are Secretly Value Functions: Temporally Coherent Reward Modeling

arXiv:2604.22981v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reward models in RLHF are trained to score only the final token of a response - a choice that discards rich signal from every intermediate position and

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

Rewarding the Scientific Process: Process-Level Reward Modeling for Agentic Data Analysis

arXiv:2604.24198v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Process Reward Models (PRMs) have achieved remarkable success in augmenting the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) within static d

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

RL-ASL: A Dynamic Listening Optimization for TSCH Networks Using Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2604.07533v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) is a widely adopted Media Access Control (MAC) protocol within the IEEE 802.15.4e standard, designed to pr

researcharxiv-cs-ai

RL Token: Bootstrapping Online RL with Vision-Language-Action Models

arXiv:2604.23073v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language-action (VLA) models can learn to perform diverse manipulation skills 'out of the box,' but achieving the precision and speed that real-w

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

SATTC: Structure-Aware Label-Free Test-Time Calibration for Cross-Subject EEG-to-Image Retrieval

arXiv:2603.20738v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Cross-subject EEG-to-image retrieval for visual decoding is challenged by subject shift and hubness in the embedding space, which distort similarity

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Scalable Production Scheduling: Linear Complexity via Unified Homogeneous Graphs

arXiv:2604.23841v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Efficiently solving the Job Shop Scheduling Problem in real-world industrial applications requires policies that are both computationally lean and top

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Scaling Properties of Continuous Diffusion Spoken Language Models

arXiv:2604.24416v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Speech-only spoken language models (SLMs) lag behind text and text-speech models in performance, with recent discrete autoregressive (AR) SLMs indicat

Secure On-Premise Deployment of Open-Weights Large Language Models in Radiology: An Isolation-First Architecture with Prospective Pilot Evaluation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2604.22768v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Purpose: To design, implement, evaluate, and report on the regulatory requirements of a self-hosted LLM infrastructure for radiology adhering to the p

Semantic Segmentation for Histopathology using Learned Regularization based on Global Proportions

arXiv:2604.24347v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In pathology, the spatial distribution and proportions of tissue types are key indicators of disease progression, and are more readily available than

SemiSAM-O1: How far can we push the boundary of annotation-efficient medical image segmentation?

arXiv:2604.24109v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has become a promising solution to alleviate the annotation burden of deep learning-based medical image segmentation mode

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Sparse Concept Anchoring for Interpretable and Controllable Neural Representations

arXiv:2512.12469v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce Sparse Concept Anchoring, a method that biases latent space to position a targeted subset of concepts while allowing others to self-org

SPEAR-1: Scaling Beyond Robot Demonstrations via 3D Understanding

arXiv:2511.17411v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Robotic Foundation Models (RFMs) hold great promise as generalist, end-to-end systems for robot control. Yet their ability to generalize acros

Speech Enhancement Based on Drifting Models

arXiv:2604.24199v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose Speech Enhancement based on Drifting Models (DriftSE), a novel generative framework that formulates denoising as an equilibrium problem. Ra

SPLIT: Separating Physical-Contact via Latent Arithmetic in Image-Based Tactile Sensors

arXiv:2604.24449v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Training machine learning models for robotic tactile sensing requires vast amounts of data, yet obtaining realistic interaction data remains a challen

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Tutorials

StereoSpace: Depth-Free Synthesis of Stereo Geometry via End-to-End Diffusion in a Canonical Space

arXiv:2512.10959v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce StereoSpace, a diffusion-based framework for monocular-to-stereo synthesis that models geometry purely through viewpoint conditioning,

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

StoryTR: Narrative-Centric Video Temporal Retrieval with Theory of Mind Reasoning

arXiv:2604.23198v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current video moment retrieval excels at action-centric tasks but struggles with narrative content. Models can see extit{what is happening} but fail to

Symmetric Equilibrium Propagation for Thermodynamic Diffusion Training

arXiv:2604.23806v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The reverse process in score-based diffusion models is formally equivalent to overdamped Langevin dynamics in a time-dependent energy landscape. In ou

Tessera: Secure, Near-Line-Rate Weight Streaming for UMA Edge Accelerators

arXiv:2604.23205v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deploying proprietary Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) on commodity edge devices demands hardware-backed Digital Rights Management (DRM) capable of withsta

Test-Time Adaptation for Unsupervised Combinatorial Optimization

arXiv:2601.21048v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Unsupervised neural combinatorial optimization (NCO) enables learning powerful solvers without access to ground-truth solutions. Existing approaches

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

TextGround4M: A Prompt-Aligned Dataset for Layout-Aware Text Rendering

arXiv:2604.24459v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite recent advances in text-to-image generation, models still struggle to accurately render prompt-specified text with correct spatial layout -- esp

The Imbalanced User-AI Relationships as an Ethical Failure of Front-End Design in Healthcare AI

arXiv:2604.22767v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Ethical discourse on AI in healthcare has focused predominantly on back-end concerns such as bias, fairness and explainability, while the front-end in

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Applications

Toward Real-World Adoption of Portrait Relighting via Hybrid Domain Knowledge Fusion

arXiv:2604.23094v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The real-world adoption of portrait relighting is hindered by dataset domain gaps, camera sensitivity, and computational costs. We address these challen

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Applications

Training Machine Learning Models on Encrypted Data: A Privacy-Preserving Framework using Homomorphic Encryption

arXiv:2604.23245v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The use of Machine Learning (ML) for data-driven decision-making often relies on access to sensitive datasets, which introduces privacy challenges. Tr

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Ulterior Motives: Detecting Misaligned Reasoning in Continuous Thought Models

arXiv:2604.23460v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has emerged as a key technique for eliciting complex reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs). Although interpretable,

Vision-Based Lane Following and Traffic Sign Recognition for Resource-Constrained Autonomous Vehicles

arXiv:2604.22872v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autonomous vehicles (AVs) rely on real-time perception systems to understand road environments and ensure safe navigation. However, implementing reliabl

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

VitaminP: cross-modal learning enables whole-cell segmentation from routine histology

arXiv:2604.23799v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate whole-cell and nuclear segmentation is essential for precision pathology and spatial omics, yet routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining pr

researcharxiv-cs-cv

WebSerial Vision Training for Microcontrollers: A Browser-Based Companion to On-Device CNN Training

arXiv:2604.22834v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper presents webmcu-vision-web, a single-file, zero-install browser application for end-to-end TinyML vision model training and deployment on the

What Prompts Don't Say: Understanding and Managing Underspecification in LLM Prompts

arXiv:2505.13360v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Prompt underspecification is a common challenge when interacting with LLMs. In this paper, we present an in-depth analysis of this problem, showing

researcharxiv-cs-cl

When Context Sticks: Studying Interference in In-Context Learning

arXiv:2604.23371v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper investigates context stickiness in in-context learning (ICL), a phenomenon where earlier examples in a prompt interfere with a transformer's

When PINNs Go Wrong: Pseudo-Time Stepping Against Spurious Solutions

arXiv:2604.23528v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) provide a promising machine learning framework for solving partial differential equations, but their training o

XITE: Cross-lingual Interpolation for Transfer using Embeddings

arXiv:2604.23589v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Facilitating cross-lingual transfer in multilingual language models remains a critical challenge. Towards this goal, we propose an embedding-based data

researcharxiv-cs-cl

3DAlign-DAER: Dynamic Attention Policy and Efficient Retrieval Strategy for Fine-grained 3D-Text Alignment at Scale

arXiv:2511.13211v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Despite recent advancements in 3D-text cross-modal alignment, existing state-of-the-art methods still struggle to align fine-grained textual semanti

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

A Non-Invasive Alternative to RFID: Self-Sufficient 3D Identification of Group-Housed Livestock

arXiv:2604.22657v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate identification of individual farm animals in group-housed environments is a cornerstone of precision livestock management. However, current ind

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

Adaptive Head Budgeting for Efficient Multi-Head Attention

arXiv:2604.22583v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transformers have become the dominant architecture across a wide range of domains, largely due to the effectiveness of multi-head attention in capturing

Aligning Dense Retrievers with LLM Utility via DistillationAligning Dense Retrievers with LLM Utility via Distillation

arXiv:2604.22722v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Dense vector retrieval is the practical backbone of Retrieval- Augmented Generation (RAG), but similarity search can suffer from precision limitations

Anatomy-Aware Unsupervised Detection and Localization of Retinal Abnormalities in Optical Coherence Tomography

arXiv:2604.22139v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable automated analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging is crucial for diagnosing retinal disorders but faces a critical barrier: the

Behavioral Canaries: Auditing Private Retrieved Context Usage in RL Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2604.22191v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In agentic workflows, LLMs frequently process retrieved contexts that are legally protected from further training. However, auditors currently lack a

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Chain-of-Memory: Lightweight Memory Construction with Dynamic Evolution for LLM Agents

arXiv:2601.14287v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: External memory systems are pivotal for enabling Large Language Model (LLM) agents to maintain persistent knowledge and perform long-horizon decisio

ChangeQuery: Advancing Remote Sensing Change Analysis for Natural and Human-Induced Disasters from Visual Detection to Semantic Understanding

arXiv:2604.22333v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Rapid situational awareness is critical in post-disaster response. While remote sensing damage assessment is evolving from pixel-level change detectio

Clutter-Robust Vision-Language-Action Models through Object-Centric and Geometry Grounding

arXiv:2512.22519v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have made impressive progress toward general-purpose robotic manipulation by post-training large Vision-L

safetyarxiv-cs-ro