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Iterative Atom Refinement: A Monotonicity Principle for Dictionary Learning

arXiv:2609.23812v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dictionary learning seeks to recover an unknown dictionary A from observations {f y}_i = A{f x}_i with sparse coefficient vectors {f x}_i. We introduce

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ITSY: Causal Discovery From Irregular Time-Series Data

DGX agent

arXiv:2609.23516v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Structural causal models for time series recover contemporaneous and lagged effects, but most methods require complete observation windows and become mi

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

22 Sept 2026

JAREX: An Acquisition Function for Multi-Objective Algorithmic Process Characterization

arXiv:2609.24954v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Pharmaceutical process characterization is central to Quality by Design because it defines how variations in process parameters affect the ability to

Jev for Scientific Decisions: Evaluating Semantic Choices and Their Consequences

arXiv:2609.24965v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scientific workflows often require choosing among known relations before a deterministic calculation can proceed. Whether observations share a culture,

Agents

Jev-Mem: System-One-Controlled Agentic Memory for Efficient AI Agents

arXiv:2609.23986v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agentic memory is becoming essential for long-horizon AI agents, yet many existing systems rely on autoregressive LLMs to control how memories are org

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Joint Domain-Class Modeling for Federated Learning Under Feature Skew

arXiv:2609.22932v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without centralizing private data, but performance often degrades under feature skew: clien

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Judging a Review by its Cover: A Reliability Analysis of LLM-based Peer Review Evaluation Metrics

arXiv:2609.23264v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Peer-review evaluation is increasingly being automated with LLM-as-a-judge metrics, but this creates a measurement risk. A review may receive a high sco

K-TRAIL: Simulator-Guided Generative Design of EM/RF Circuits

arXiv:2609.23183v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Inverse design of RF and electromagnetic (EM) circuits is challenging because the relationship between circuit layout and electrical response is non-uni

Hardware

KerColle: Unlocking Fine-Grained GPU Concurrency in Vision-Language-Action Models

arXiv:2609.22335v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as foundational models for next-generation robotics. High VLA inference throughput is critical for me

hardwarearxiv-cs-ro

Kinematic Interface for the Wild: Modular Bimanual Loco-Manipulation Capture from 360^{irc} Cameras Alone

arXiv:2609.22809v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A wrist-mounted camera for UMI-style data collection must do two jobs: record the manipulation and localize in the scene. Most handheld devices localize

Knowing, and Saying It Only When Asked: LLM Endognostics and the Schizognosis of Minerva-7B

arXiv:2609.22219v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Evaluating an aligned language model by reading its answers assumes the answers carry the distinction the evaluator cares about. We introduce LLM endogn

Knowing When to Trust Images: Reliability-Aware Multi-modal Entity Alignment

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2609.23267v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The visual modality, i.e., images, plays a key role in multi-modal entity alignment (MMEA). Existing approaches often directly fuse the image with other

Knowledge Graph-Augmented Ambient AI for Clinical Note Generation

arXiv:2609.22239v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Ambient AI is increasingly adopted in healthcare to automatically generate clinical notes from patient-clinician conversations, with the potential to su

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

KV-COBRA: KV Cache Compression via Co-Optimized Bit-Rank Allocation

arXiv:2609.24298v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: What limits KV-cache compression at extreme bit-rates? We argue that it is not the choice of compression scheme, but how its budget is allocated across

Label Propagation for Physics-Informed Neural Networks and Physics-Informed Gaussian Processes

arXiv:2404.05817v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We present a series of empirical results of the application of semi-supervised label propagation techniques in training physics-informed machine lea

Applications

Large language models in medical time series analysis

arXiv:2609.22262v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Medical time series (MedTS), including electrocardiograms (ECG), electroencephalograms (EEG), photoplethysmography (PPG), and vital-sign recordings, a

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Latent Policy Steering: An Efficient and Flexible Framework for Cross-Embodiment Transfer

arXiv:2609.22521v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The performance of learned robot visuomotor policies depends heavily on the size and quality of their training data, yet collecting high-quality demonst

Latent Telepathy: Multi-Robot Communication with Self-Supervised Perceptual Latents

arXiv:2609.23269v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In a decentralized multi-robot team under partial observability, the fact that decides a robot's next action is often visible only to a teammate. Exis

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Layer-Aware Position Embeddings for Visual Token Pruning in Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv:2609.23715v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) incur substantial computational overhead due to the reliance on hundreds of visual tokens to represent images.

Layered e-skin for Shear Sensing

arXiv:2609.22493v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper presents a stacked two-layer force-sensing resistor (FSR) array designed for robotic fingertips that combines high-resolution pressure mappin

researcharxiv-cs-ro

LD-RSVIS: A Large-Scale and Diverse Benchmark for Referring Surgical Video Instrument Segmentation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.23067v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Referring surgical video instrument segmentation (RSVIS) aims at segmenting the instrument in a surgical video, given a textual description. Despite rec

LE4Mob: Towards Inductive, Distance-Aware and General-Purpose Location Embedding for Human Mobility Modelling

arXiv:2609.22117v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Location representations provide mobility models with fundamental information about the spatial position, functional characteristics, and relationships

Leakage-Safe Empirical Benchmarking of EEG-Based Machine Learning Pipelines for Dementia Classification

arXiv:2609.22092v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a low-cost and non-invasive signal source for dementia screening, yet existing EEG-based studies remain difficult to c

Learning and Control Beyond Linearity: Towards a Non-asymptotic Theory for Bilinear Systems

arXiv:2609.22338v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This tutorial provides a unified view of the emerging area of bilinear learning and control. Using linear systems as a benchmark, it explains what fun

Applications

Learning-Based 3D Reconstruction of Power Networks from Aerial Point Clouds

arXiv:2609.23915v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper presents an end-to-end framework for reconstructing overhead power utility network topology and extracting span-level physical metadata fro

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Learning Beyond What Humans Can Demonstrate

arXiv:2609.24996v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Behavior cloning for robot manipulation relies on expert demonstrations. However, for tasks that require dynamic stability, precise contact timing, or d

Learning Dynamic Neural Evidence Representations for Time-Adaptive Brain-Computer Interfaces

arXiv:2609.22088v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) decode neural activity into commands, yet most existing systems rely on fixed-window decoding that may result in redu

Learning Energy-Efficient Air--Ground Actuation for Hybrid Robots on Stair-Like Terrain

arXiv:2603.26687v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Hybrid aerial--ground robots can use thrust to cross obstacles that impede wheel-driven motion, but deciding how much thrust to apply during contact

Learning Physics from an Imperfect Ancestor

arXiv:2609.24947v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Neural operators evaluate parametric partial differential equations cheaply but degrade sharply outside their training distribution. Physics-informed ne

Learning Prognostic Variables for AI Convective Parameterizations via Symbolic Distillation

arXiv:2609.24882v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Hybrid AI-physics climate modeling aims to improve coarse (~100km-resolution) Earth system models by learning to parameterize subgrid processes from hig

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Learning tactile perception from high-bandwidth single-point sensing

arXiv:2609.24621v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Tactile sensing is increasingly being incorporated into learning-based robotic manipulation, yet many existing approaches rely on spatially distribute

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Agents

Learning to Drive on Mars: Visual Multimodal Traversability Estimation for Off-World Navigation

arXiv:2609.24952v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autonomous navigation on Mars requires vehicles to distinguish between traversable terrains across diverse and visually challenging environments. Howeve

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

LegendBench: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Legend Understanding with Counterfactual Interventions

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.24172v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Legends are fundamental to chart understanding, as reliable interpretation requires correctly binding legend entries to corresponding visual marks. Whil

Lesion-Gated Hybrid Synthesis for Virtual Contrast-Enhanced Breast MRI: A MAMA-SYNTH Challenge Solution

arXiv:2609.22397v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Purpose: Contrast-enhanced breast MRI depends on intravenous gadolinium-based contrast agents, motivating methods that synthesise post-contrast appear

Leveraging Industrial Foundation Models at the Edge of Particle Physics Detectors via Distillation Learning and Hardware Co-design

arXiv:2609.23385v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Data acquisition (DAQ) systems at future particle physics experiments stand to benefit from the extremes of AI/ML development: large-scale foundation

Leveraging Inference-Time Compute for Diffusion Models via Global Scheduling of Denoising Trajectories

arXiv:2609.22867v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion models generate a sample by traversing a denoising trajectory, a sequence of stochastic noise-reduction steps that transforms pure noise into

LG-HCC: Local Geometry-Aware Hierarchical Context Compression for 3D Gaussian Splatting

arXiv:2603.28431v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Although 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) enables high-fidelity real-time rendering, its prohibitive storage overhead severely hinders practical deploym

LiAuto-MindViT: A Hybrid Vision Backbone with Adaptive Bidirectional Mamba

arXiv:2609.24337v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Mamba-based models have shown strong potential for long sequence modeling, adapting them to vision is challenging due to the requirement of local

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

LIBERO-VPro: Benchmarking Closed-Loop Visual Robustness of Robotic Foundation Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.24350v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Robotic foundation models achieve impressive performance on standard manipulation benchmarks, yet these evaluations typically assume clean, timely, an

Lifted Bellman Linear Programming for Offline Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2609.24489v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Offline reinforcement learning (RL) typically trains a critic by minimizing a regression loss against bootstrapped value targets stabilized by target ne

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Agents

Lightweight Pedestrian Head-Orientation Recognition Network for Safe Pedestrian-Vehicle Interaction

arXiv:2609.24193v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Pedestrian head orientation recognition plays an important role in autonomous driving by providing valuable cues for understanding pedestrian attention

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

LINGO: Latent Initialization and Gradient Optimization for Sparse-view X-ray Novel View Synthesis and CT Reconstruction with 3D Gaussian Splatting

arXiv:2609.22849v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In novel view synthesis and Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction with sparse-view X-ray imaging, insufficient angular coverage leads to structural am

Lingshu: A Generalist Foundation Model for Unified Multimodal Medical Understanding and Reasoning

arXiv:2506.07044v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in understanding common visual elements, largely due to their lar

Linguistic Features for Interpretable Textual Entailment

arXiv:2609.24932v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite the success of neural models in natural language processing, their black-box nature limits interpretability and conceals the linguistic phenomen

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

List Counting Failures Are Not One Phenomenon

arXiv:2609.22230v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Counting the items in a bracketed list looks trivial, yet open-weight chat models often get it wrong. Prior work usually blames input bottlenecks such a

LiteTex-GS: Fast and Lightweight Texturing for Gaussian Splatting

arXiv:2609.23380v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Gaussian Splatting has enabled real-time novel view synthesis, but its tightly coupled geometry and appearance representation often require a large numb

LLaDA-PRM: A Bidirectional Step-Level Reasoning Evaluator

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2609.22700v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Step-level reasoning evaluators are commonly based on autoregressive language models, whose causal attention restricts each step representation to the p

LLJ Cards: Best practices for the Use of LLMs as Judges

arXiv:2609.24516v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a popular alternative for evaluation. Often referred to as LLMs as judges (LLJs), these sy

safetyarxiv-cs-cl