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Precision Tracked Transformer via Kalman Filtering, Kriging and Process Noise

arXiv:2605.18832v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The Transformer is the foundational building block of modern AI, yet offers no principled handling of uncertainty, which is prevalent in real applicat

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PRISM: A Benchmark for Programmatic Spatial-Temporal Reasoning

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.19382v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Programmatic video generation through code offers geometric precision and temporal coherence beyond pixel-level diffusion models, yet rigorously evaluat

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

20 May 2026

Robustness and Regularization in Hierarchical Re-Basin

arXiv:2510.09174v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper takes a closer look at Git Re-Basin, an interesting new approach to merge trained models. We propose a hierarchical model merging scheme

researcharxiv-cs-lg

STAR-PolyaMath: Multi-Agent Reasoning under Persistent Meta-Strategic Supervision

arXiv:2605.19338v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Frontier AI models and multi-agent systems have led to significant improvements in mathematical reasoning. However, for problems requiring extended, l

Streamlined Constraint Reasoning via CNN Pattern Recognition on Enumerated Solutions

arXiv:2605.19895v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Constraint programming practitioners accelerate hard problems through a layered set of techniques applied in order of risk. Standard hardening (symmetry

Structured Layout Priors for Robust Out-of-Distribution Visual Document Understanding

arXiv:2605.19866v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) parse documents end-to-end but frequently break down on layouts unlike those seen in training. We attribute this to a two-

Hardware

TIDE: Efficient and Lossless MoE Diffusion LLM Inference with I/O-aware Expert Offload

arXiv:2605.20179v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) have emerged as a competitive alternative to autoregressive (AR) models, offering better hardware utilization an

hardwarearxiv-cs-cl

Toto 2.0: Time Series Forecasting Enters the Scaling Era

arXiv:2605.20119v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We show that time series foundation models scale: a single training recipe produces reliable forecast-quality improvements from 4M to 2.5B parameters.

Towards Camera-Robust 3D Localization: Equation-Anchored Tool-Use for MLLMs

arXiv:2605.19528v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: 3D localization in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), including 3D object detection and 3D visual grounding, is fundamentally limited by camera i

Safety

Towards Distillation Guarantees under Algorithmic Alignment for Combinatorial Optimization

arXiv:2605.20074v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Distillation transfers knowledge from a large model trained on broad data to a smaller, more efficient model suitable for deployment. In structured pred

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Trust or Abstain? A Self-Aware RAG Approach

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.18792v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external evidence, but it also introduces knowledge confli

ViroGym: Realistic Large-Scale Benchmarks for Evaluating Viral Proteins

arXiv:2603.06740v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Protein language models (pLMs) have shown strong potential for zero-shot prediction of missense variant effects, yet systematic benchmarking o

WARC-Bench: Web Archive Based Benchmark for GUI Subtask Executions

arXiv:2510.09872v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Training web agents to navigate complex, real-world websites requires them to master extit{subtasks} - short-horizon interactions on multiple

What Makes a Representation Good for Single-Cell Perturbation Prediction?

arXiv:2605.19343v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Single-cell perturbation modeling is fundamental for understanding and predicting cellular responses to genetic perturbations. However, existing approac

Your Neighbors Know: Leveraging Local Neighborhoods for Backdoor Detection in Decentralized Learning

arXiv:2605.19969v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Decentralized learning (DL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm where nodes collaboratively train models without a central server. However, the col

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

A Machine with Short-Term, Episodic, and Semantic Memory Systems

arXiv:2212.02098v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Inspired by the cognitive science theory of the explicit human memory systems, we have modeled an agent with short-term, episodic, and semantic memo

A More Word-like Image Tokenization for MLLMs

arXiv:2605.17954v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern multimodal large language models (MLLMs) typically keep the language model fixed and train a visual projector that maps the pixels into a seque

Auditing Multimodal LLM Raters: Central Tendency Bias in Clinical Ordinal Scoring

arXiv:2605.16386v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal large language models (LLMs) are increasingly explored as automated evaluators in clinical settings, yet their scoring behavior on ordinal cl

BESplit: Bias-Compensated Split Federated Learning with Evidential Aggregation

arXiv:2605.17508v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Split Federated Learning (SFL) enables privacy-preserving collaborative training by partitioning models between clients and a server. However, under n

Beyond Point-Wise Matching: Structural Representation Alignment for Accelerating Diffusion Transformers

arXiv:2605.16949v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) demonstrate that aligning noisy latent states with well-trained semantic features-as pioneered by Repre

Boundedly Rational Meta-Learning in Sequential Consumer Choice

arXiv:2605.16532v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Many consumer decisions are repeated choices under uncertainty. Standard models capture these decisions using Bayesian learning and dynamic programming:

CADS: Conformal Adaptive Decision System for Cost-Efficient Image Classification

arXiv:2605.16401v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While high-capacity AI models have advanced state-of-the-art performance, their practical deployment is often hindered by high inference costs, environm

researcharxiv-cs-cv

CAM-Bench: A Benchmark for Computational and Applied Mathematics in Lean

arXiv:2605.17255v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Formal theorem-proving benchmarks enable mechanically verifiable evaluation of mathematical reasoning in large language models. However, existing benchm

Can LLMs Refuse Questions They Do Not Know? Measuring Knowledge-Aware Refusal in Factual Tasks

arXiv:2510.01782v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) should refuse to answer questions beyond their knowledge. This capability, which we term knowledge-aware refusal,

CasualSynth: Generating Structurally Sound Synthetic Data

arXiv:2605.17528v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) generate realistic synthetic data but offer no guarantee that their outputs respect the causal mechanisms governing the t

Safety

ClaHF: A Human Feedback-inspired Reinforcement Learning Framework for Improving Classification Tasks

arXiv:2605.17458v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Text classification models are typically trained via supervised fine-tuning (SFT). However, SFT essentially performs behavior cloning from instance-wise

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Closing the Gap at CRAC 2026: Two-Stage Adaptation for LLM-Based Multilingual Coreference Resolution

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.16984v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present our submission to the LLM track of the 2026 Computational Models of Reference, Anaphora and Coreference (CRAC 2026) shared task. With an aver

ContractBench: Can LLM Agents Preserve Observation Contracts?

arXiv:2605.17281v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Tool-augmented LLM agents call APIs whose intermediate outputs, such as presigned URLs, session tokens, and OAuth state parameters, are observation co

CPMobius: Iterative Coach-Player Reasoning for Data-Free Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2602.02979v2 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong potential in complex reasoning, yet their progress remains fundamentally constrained by reliance

DBES: A Systematic Benchmark and Metric Suite for Evaluating Expert Specialization in Large-Scale MoEs

arXiv:2605.18498v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Expert specialization in Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models remains poorly understood, with traditional evaluations conflating architectural load-balanci

Distributed Perceptron under Bounded Staleness, Partial Participation, and Noisy Communication

arXiv:2601.10705v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study a semi-asynchronous client-server perceptron trained via iterative parameter mixing (IPM-style averaging): clients run local perceptron upd

DriveSafer: End-to-End Autonomous Driving with Safety Guidance

arXiv:2605.16737v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: End-to-End (E2E) autonomous driving models have shown growing capability in recent years, with performance improving on increasingly challenging bench

DynMuon: A Dynamic Spectral Shaping View of Muon

arXiv:2605.17109v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In recent years, Muon has emerged as the dominant method for training large language models, and transformers more broadly. The essential difference,

Explicit Logic Channel for Validation and Enhancement of MLLMs on Zero-Shot Tasks

arXiv:2603.11689v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Frontier Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in Visual-Language Comprehension (VLC) tasks. However, they are of

Federated Learning by Utility-Constrained Stochastic Aggregation for Improving Rational Participation

arXiv:2605.18020v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Federated Learning (FL) algorithms implicitly assume that clients passively comply with server-side orchestration by sharing local model updates upon se

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

FedSDR: Federated Self-Distillation with Rectification

arXiv:2605.18028v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Federated fine-tuning of Large Language Models faces severe statistical heterogeneity. However, existing model-level defenses often overlook the root

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Haptic Rendering of Fractional-Order Viscoelasticity: Passivity and Rendering Fidelity

arXiv:2605.16389v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Haptic rendering of viscoelastic materials that exhibit creep and stress relaxation is crucial for many applications, such as medical training with re

High-dimensional ridge regression with random features for non-identically distributed data with a variance profile

arXiv:2504.03035v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Random feature ridge regression is often analyzed in the high-dimensional regime under the homogeneous sampling model x_i=Sigma^{1/2}x_i', whe

In-context learning enables continental-scale subsurface temperature prediction from sparse local observations

arXiv:2605.16665v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Continental-scale knowledge of subsurface temperature is limited by the cost and sparsity of borehole measurements, but such information is essential fo

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Joint Parameter and State-Space Bayesian Optimization: Using Process Expertise to Accelerate Manufacturing Optimization

arXiv:2602.17679v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Bayesian optimization (BO) is a powerful method for optimizing black-box manufacturing processes, but its performance is often limited when dealing

Latency-Aware Deep Learning Benchmark for Real-Time Cyber-Physical Attack and Fault Classification in Inverter-Dominated Power Grids

arXiv:2605.17256v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This work introduces a latency-aware benchmarking framework for evaluating deep learning models in power system anomaly detection using high-fidelity,

LEAF: A Living Benchmark for Event-Augmented Forecasting

arXiv:2605.16358v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to forecasting. To evaluate this capability while mitigating pre-training data contamination, se

Learning more physically realistic dynamics in machine-learning based weather forecasting with latent-space constraints

arXiv:2510.04006v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Data-driven machine learning (ML) models are reshaping weather forecasting and have shown the potential to accelerate and surpass traditional physic

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Learning Quantifiable Visual Explanations Without Ground-Truth

arXiv:2605.18681v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Explainable AI (XAI) techniques are increasingly important for the validation and responsible use of modern deep learning models, but are difficult to e

LoopQ: Quantization for Recursive Transformers

arXiv:2605.16343v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Looped language models (LoopLMs) improve parameter efficiency by recursively reusing Transformer blocks, enabling deeper computation under a fixed mod

MetaCogAgent: A Metacognitive Multi-Agent LLM Framework with Self-Aware Task Delegation

arXiv:2605.17292v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems have shown promise for solving complex tasks through agent collaboration. However, existing frameworks as

Safety

Monitoring the Internal Monologue: Probe Trajectories Reveal Reasoning Dynamics

arXiv:2605.18549v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) introduce new opportunities for safety monitoring through their Chain of Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, CoT is not alwa

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

NeuSymMS: A Hybrid Neuro-Symbolic Memory System for Persistent, Self-Curating LLM Agents

arXiv:2605.17596v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present NeuSymMS, an adaptive memory system that enables large language model (LLM) agents to learn, remember, and reason about users across sessions