Search: “science”

OMAC: A Holistic Optimization Framework for LLM-Based Multi-Agent Collaboration

arXiv:2505.11765v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Agents powered by advanced large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across diverse complex applications. Recentl

22 Apr 2026

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Regression with Large Language Models for Materials and Molecular Property Prediction

DGX agent

arXiv:2409.06080v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We demonstrate the ability of large language models (LLMs) to perform material and molecular property regression tasks, a significant deviatio

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

22 Apr 2026

Rethinking Scale: Deployment Trade-offs of Small Language Models under Agent Paradigms

arXiv:2604.19299v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Despite the impressive capabilities of large language models, their substantial computational costs, latency, and privacy risks hinder their widesprea

22 Apr 2026

AnchorMem: Anchored Facts with Associative Contexts for Building Memory in Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.17377v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While large language models have achieved remarkable performance in complex tasks, they still need a memory system to utilize historical experience in l

Annotating Dimensions of Social Perception in Text: A Sentence-Level Dataset of Warmth and Competence

arXiv:2601.06316v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Warmth (W) (often further broken down intoTrust (T) and Sociability (S)) and Competence (C) are central dimensions along which people evaluate indiv

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Beyond Pattern Matching: Seven Cross-Domain Techniques for Prompt Injection Detection

arXiv:2604.18248v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Current open-source prompt-injection detectors converge on two architectural choices: regular-expression pattern matching and fine-tuned transformer c

BRIDGE the Gap: Mitigating Bias Amplification in Automated Scoring of English Language Learners via Inter-group Data Augmentation

arXiv:2602.23580v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In the field of educational assessment, automated scoring systems increasingly rely on deep learning and large language models (LLMs). However, thes

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Applications

Common Corpus: The Largest Collection of Ethical Data for LLM Pre-Training

arXiv:2506.01732v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are pre-trained on large data from different sources and domains. These datasets often contain trillions of tokens, inc

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Flow marching for a generative PDE foundation model

arXiv:2509.18611v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Pretraining on large-scale collections of PDE-governed spatiotemporal trajectories has recently shown promise for building generalizable models of d

HiRAS: A Hierarchical Multi-Agent Framework for Paper-to-Code Generation and Execution

arXiv:2604.17745v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in large language models have highlighted their potential to automate computational research, particularly reproducing experimental resu

Logit Arithmetic Elicits Long Reasoning Capabilities Without Training

arXiv:2510.09354v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large reasoning models exhibit long chain-of-thought reasoning with complex strategies such as backtracking and self-verification. Yet, these capabi

Tutorials

Procedural Knowledge at Scale Improves Reasoning

arXiv:2604.01348v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Test-time scaling has emerged as an effective way to improve language models on challenging reasoning tasks. However, most existing methods treat ea

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cl

Scaling External Knowledge Input Beyond Context Windows of LLMs via Multi-Agent Collaboration

arXiv:2505.21471v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: With the rapid advancement of post-training techniques for reasoning and information seeking, large language models (LLMs) can incorporate a large q

Sub-metre Lunar DEM Generation and Validation from Chandrayaan-2 OHRC Multi-View Imagery Using an Open-Source Pipeline

arXiv:2604.01032v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: High-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) of the lunar surface are essential for surface mobility planning, landing site characterization, and

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Uni-MMMU: A Massive Multi-discipline Multimodal Unified Benchmark

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2510.13759v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Unified multimodal models aim to jointly enable visual understanding and generation, yet current benchmarks rarely examine their true integration. E

Upper Approximation Bounds for Neural Oscillators

arXiv:2512.01015v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Neural oscillators, originating from second-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs), have demonstrated strong performance in stably learning ca

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Breaking the Training Barrier of Billion-Parameter Universal Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials

arXiv:2604.15821v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Universal Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials (uMLIPs), pre-trained on massively diverse datasets encompassing inorganic materials and organic mol

Eco-Bee: A Personalised Multi-Modal Agent for Advancing Student Climate Awareness and Sustainable Behaviour in Campus Ecosystems

arXiv:2604.15327v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Universities are microcosms of urban ecosystems, with concentrated consumption patterns in food, transport, energy, and product usage. These environme

From Vulnerable Data Subjects to Vulnerabilizing Data Practices: Navigating the Protection Paradox in AI-Based Analyses of Platformized Lives

arXiv:2604.15990v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper traces a conceptual shift from understanding vulnerability as a static, essentialized property of data subjects to examining how it is acti

researcharxiv-cs-ai

HyperGVL: Benchmarking and Improving Large Vision-Language Models in Hypergraph Understanding and Reasoning

arXiv:2604.15648v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) consistently require new arenas to guide their expanding boundaries, yet their capabilities with hypergraphs remain

Integrating Graphs, Large Language Models, and Agents: Reasoning and Retrieval

arXiv:2604.15951v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generative AI, particularly Large Language Models, increasingly integrates graph-based representations to enhance reasoning, retrieval, and structured d

Preference Estimation via Opponent Modeling in Multi-Agent Negotiation

arXiv:2604.15687v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automated negotiation in complex, multi-party and multi-issue settings critically depends on accurate opponent modeling. However, conventional numerical

Reckoning with the Political Economy of AI: Avoiding Decoys in Pursuit of Accountability

arXiv:2604.16106v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The Project of AI is a world-building endeavor, wherein those who fund and develop AI systems both operate through and seek to sustain networks of pow

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Towards Universal Convergence of Backward Error in Linear System Solvers

arXiv:2604.16075v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The quest for an algorithm that solves an nimes n linear system in O(n^2) time complexity, or O(n^2 ext{poly}(1/epsilon)) when solving up to epsilon r

ClimateCause: Complex and Implicit Causal Structures in Climate Reports

arXiv:2604.14856v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Understanding climate change requires reasoning over complex causal networks. Yet, existing causal discovery datasets predominantly capture explicit, di

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Counting Without Numbers and Finding Without Words

arXiv:2603.24470v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Every year, 10 million pets enter shelters, separated from their families. Despite desperate searches by both guardians and lost animals, 70%

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Empowerment Gain and Causal Model Construction: Children and adults are sensitive to controllability and variability in their causal interventions

arXiv:2512.08230v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Learning about the causal structure of the world is a fundamental problem for human cognition. Causal models and especially causal learning have pro

ImplicitMemBench: Measuring Unconscious Behavioral Adaptation in Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.08064v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Existing memory benchmarks for LLM agents evaluate explicit recall of facts, yet overlook implicit memory where experience becomes automated behavio

EVE: A Domain-Specific LLM Framework for Earth Intelligence

arXiv:2604.13071v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce Earth Virtual Expert (EVE), the first open-source, end-to-end initiative for developing and deploying domain-specialized LLMs for Earth Int

Exposia: Teaching and Assessment of Academic Writing Skills for Research Project Proposals and Peer Feedback

arXiv:2601.06536v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We present Exposia, the first public dataset that connects writing and feedback in higher education, enabling research on educationally grounded com

LongCoT: Benchmarking Long-Horizon Chain-of-Thought Reasoning

arXiv:2604.14140v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As language models are increasingly deployed for complex autonomous tasks, their ability to reason accurately over longer horizons becomes critical. An

The Signal is in the Steps: Local Scoring for Reasoning Data Selection

arXiv:2510.03988v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Distilling long-form reasoning from teacher models into smaller students requires selecting which candidate solutions to train on. Recent work argue

researcharxiv-cs-lg

WorkRB: A Community-Driven Evaluation Framework for AI in the Work Domain

arXiv:2604.13055v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Today's evolving labor markets rely increasingly on recommender systems for hiring, talent management, and workforce analytics, with natural language pr

ALL-FEM: Agentic Large Language models Fine-tuned for Finite Element Methods

arXiv:2603.21011v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Finite element (FE) analysis guides the design and verification of nearly all manufactured objects. It is at the core of computational enginee

Artificial Intelligence for Modeling and Simulation of Mixed Automated and Human Traffic

arXiv:2604.12857v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are now operating on public roads, which makes their testing and validation more critical than ever. Simulation offers a safe

Beyond Scores: Diagnostic LLM Evaluation via Fine-Grained Abilities

arXiv:2604.12191v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current evaluations of large language models aggregate performance across diverse tasks into single scores. This obscures fine-grained ability variation

CascadeDebate: Multi-Agent Deliberation for Cost-Aware LLM Cascades

arXiv:2604.12262v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cascaded LLM systems coordinate models of varying sizes with human experts to balance accuracy, cost, and abstention under uncertainty. However, singl

Fast and principled equation discovery from chaos to climate

arXiv:2604.11929v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Our ability to predict, control, and ultimately understand complex systems rests on discovering the equations that govern their dynamics. Identifying th

Local Ai

Locate, Steer, and Improve: A Practical Survey of Actionable Mechanistic Interpretability in Large Language Models

arXiv:2601.14004v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Mechanistic Interpretability (MI) has emerged as a vital approach to demystify the opaque decision-making of Large Language Models (LLMs). However,

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Man and machine: artificial intelligence and judicial decision making

arXiv:2603.19042v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into judicial decision-making, particularly in pretrial, sentencing, and parole context

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Tutorials

Siamese Foundation Models for Crystal Structure Prediction

arXiv:2503.10471v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Predicting crystal structures from chemical compositions is a fundamental challenge in materials discovery, complicated by complex 3D geometri

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Simulation as Supervision: Mechanistic Pretraining for Scientific Discovery

arXiv:2507.08977v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Scientific modeling faces a tradeoff between the interpretability of mechanistic theory and the predictive power of machine learning. While ex

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

A collaborative agent with two lightweight synergistic models for autonomous crystal materials research

arXiv:2604.11540v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current large language models require hundreds of billions of parameters yet struggle with domain-specific reasoning and tool coordination in materials

Agentic Exploration of PDE Spaces using Latent Foundation Models for Parameterized Simulations

arXiv:2604.09584v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Flow physics and more broadly physical phenomena governed by partial differential equations (PDEs), are inherently continuous, high-dimensional and ofte

Assessing the Pedagogical Readiness of Large Language Models as AI Tutors in Low-Resource Contexts: A Case Study of Nepal's K-10 Curriculum

arXiv:2604.09619v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into educational ecosystems promises to democratize access to personalized tutoring, yet the readiness

Autonomous Diffractometry Enabled by Visual Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2604.11773v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automation underpins progress across scientific and industrial disciplines. Yet, automating tasks requiring interpretation of abstract visual informat

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

ClaimDB: A Fact Verification Benchmark over Large Structured Data

arXiv:2601.14698v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Real-world fact-checking often involves verifying claims grounded in structured data at scale. Despite substantial progress in fact-verification ben

Deep Learning for Sequential Decision Making under Uncertainty: Foundations, Frameworks, and Frontiers

arXiv:2604.11507v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is moving increasingly beyond prediction to support decisions in complex, uncertain, and dynamic environments. This shift