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The Ups and Downs of Backprop Weights

arXiv:2609.22554v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Backpropagation (BP) has driven the remarkable success of modern deep learning by enabling large hierarchical networks to learn complex functions end-to

The Visual Target Matters: Learning across the Visual Hierarchy for Brain-to-Image Retrieval

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DGX agent

arXiv:2609.24136v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Brain-to-image retrieval seeks to identify the visual stimulus that elicited a non-invasive neural response. Candidate images are typically represented

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

22 Sept 2026

Think Like a World Model, Act Like a VLA: Distilling World-Model Representations into Compact Robot Policies

arXiv:2609.24682v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models map observations to actions with no objective that accounts for how the world responds, so their robustness is bou

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

this-that-model-1.0: A typed decision model that decides in 30 ms, for a millionth of a cent

arXiv:2609.23886v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Software delegates more of its branches to models every year: which queue a ticket enters, whether a command is safe to run, whether a claim clears with

Time-Incremental Continued Pretraining of LLMs: Knowledge Updates Without Catastrophic Forgetting

arXiv:2609.23916v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) drift out of date the moment their pretraining ends, yet retraining from scratch is prohibitively expensive. Continued pret

Time Series Foundation Models for Process Model Forecasting

arXiv:2512.07624v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Process Model Forecasting (PMF) aims to predict how the control-flow structure of a process evolves over time by modeling the temporal dynamics of d

Hardware

Tip Manipulation in Soft Everting Robots via Wall Retraction and Deployable Fingers

arXiv:2609.23132v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Soft everting robots can traverse long, confined paths by continuously growing, yet active interaction remains limited to a single tool fixed at or near

hardwarearxiv-cs-ro

To Consolidate or not to Consolidate? Evaluating the Impact of Consolidation in Multi-Reference Training using Peer Reviews

arXiv:2609.22805v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Natural language generation (NLG) tasks span the spectrum of conditional entropy, ranging from highly constrained machine translation to open-ended dial

Token Signatures of Code: Comparing Coding Behaviors Across Large Language Models

arXiv:2609.22097v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The evaluation of large language models (LLMs) on coding tasks has primarily focused on performance metrics such as pass@k. As LLMs continue to advance,

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Token Utility Is Selection-Conditioned: Coupled Selection of Prompt Context and Response Supervision for Efficient Instruction Tuning

arXiv:2609.22943v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Efficient large language model (LLM) instruction tuning requires selecting response supervision with supporting prompt context. Existing methods typical

ToneCL: Contrastive Learning for Few-Shot Syllable-Level Tone Classification

arXiv:2609.24903v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tone languages constitute over 50-70% of the world's languages, but the vast majority are low-resource, lacking the large transcribed corpora needed for

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Tool-Augmented On-Policy Distillation for LLM Domain Adaptation in Sequence-Based Omics Tasks

arXiv:2609.23435v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multi-omics sequences contain complex biological patterns, yet deciphering their mechanisms for automated scientific discovery remains challenging. As

Toollery: Scaling LLM Agents to Thousands of Skills and Tools

arXiv:2609.22218v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As LLM agents are exposed to hundreds to tens of thousands of skills, tools, and API functions, full-library prompting becomes costly, slow, and less

Topographic Training Concentrates Causal Circuits Without Improving Neuron Monosemanticity

arXiv:2609.24379v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mechanistic interpretability of vision transformers seeks to decompose model computation into human-readable units, but learned representations entangle

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Tutorials

Topology-Informed Visual Prompting For Vision Language Action Policies

arXiv:2609.23944v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language-action (VLA) policies can struggle with manipulation tasks with complex obstacle geometries due to partial observability. These complex

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ro

Toscani-Fourier Distance on Probability Measures: Wasserstein Control, Topological Equivalence on Model Classes, and Duality

arXiv:2609.23163v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Comparing probability measures in machine learning trades transport geometry against computational cost: Wasserstein distances encode the geometry of

Touch2Robot: Robot Touch in the Human Demonstration Loop

arXiv:2609.24660v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Human demonstrations offer a scalable way to collect manipulation data, but their contacts may be unstable or infeasible when transferred to a robot han

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Tutorials

Toward a foundation model for forest point clouds

arXiv:2609.24787v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Forest inventories increasingly rely on artificial intelligence (AI) models to derive forest attributes from large-scale 3D point clouds. Current models

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Applications

Toward a Unified Mathematics of Concepts

arXiv:2609.24554v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Concepts are commonly defined as abstract, compact representations of knowledge and treated as basic units of intelligent behavior. Yet, cognition, psyc

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Toward Fairness in Machine Learning Models for Predicting Treatment Retention and Premature Discontinuation in Medication for Opioid Use Disorder

arXiv:2609.22113v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Persistent low retention and completion rates in medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) have driven the use of machine learning (ML) models to predi

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Toward Human-in-the-Loop Robot Failure Recovery: Bridging Communication Gaps in Human-Robot Collaboration

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2609.24055v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Robots can recover from failures by asking bystanders for help, but effective human-in-the-loop recovery requires communication that accounts for differ

Toward Mission-Critical ISAC: Reliable Energy-Aware Coordination in UAV Swarms

arXiv:2609.22292v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms deployed in mission-critical applications must simultaneously track a mobile aerial target and maintain reliable

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

Local Ai

Toward Personalized Sleep Guidance from Wearable Data Using Language Models

arXiv:2609.22463v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sleep monitoring using wearable data has shown promise for personal health, yet large language model (LLM)-based summarization and question answering re

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Towards Full Pipeline FP8 Reinforcement Learning for LLMs

arXiv:2609.22870v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a key technique for improving the reasoning and agentic abilities of large language models (LLMs). Although FP8 q

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Applications

Towards Reliable Underwater Diver-Robot Interaction: Gesture Design, Interaction Logic, and Real-World Evaluation

arXiv:2609.23392v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Underwater human--robot interaction requires gesture commands that are both easy for divers to use and reliable for robots to recognize. We investigate

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

Towards Robust Classroom Attendance: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Face Detection and Recognition Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.22750v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Manual attendance methods, such as paper or register-based systems, take a lot of time, can lead to errors, and are easy to falsify. Face recognition is

Towards robust multimodal 3D object detection via visual foundation models

arXiv:2609.23541v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal 3D object detection is fundamental to robust perception in autonomous driving because it integrates complementary information from LiDAR and

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

Tutorials

Towards Training-free Automatic Proxy Discovery via Large Language Models for Mixed Precision Quantization

arXiv:2512.07419v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Mixed-Precision Quantization (MPQ) liberates Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) from the Out-Of-Memory (OOM) bottleneck and has garnered increasing r

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

TRACE: Tractable Routing Autoencoder for Clinical ECG

arXiv:2609.23460v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep learning has advanced automated electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis, but the field's most accurate models, foundation models pretrained on millions o

Tracker-Free Robotic Ultrasound Calibration with a Spherical-Marker Phantom and Threshold-Free Center Localization

arXiv:2609.22483v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Robotic ultrasound (US) calibration is essential for accurately relating US images to the robot coordinate system, but accurate and automated calibratio

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Training-Free Spectral Transductive Refinement for Cross-Domain Few-Shot Classification

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.23758v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Few-shot recognition with frozen visual features is especially fragile under domain shift and one-shot supervision, where a single labelled image is an

Transductive Off-policy Proximal Policy Optimization

arXiv:2406.03894v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is a popular model-free reinforcement learning algorithm, esteemed for its simplicity and efficacy. However, due

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Transfer Learning for Matrix Completion

arXiv:2507.02248v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In this paper, we explore the knowledge transfer under the setting of matrix completion, which aims to enhance the estimation of a low-rank ta

Transferring the Intelligence of VLMs to Robotic Control

arXiv:2609.22966v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Humans can seamlessly adapt to both physical and digital worlds, suggesting that while a digital-to-real gap exists in embodiment, environment and task,

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

Local Ai

Transferring Visual Explanations: How Cross-Architecture Knowledge Distillation Affects Model Interpretability

arXiv:2609.23561v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deploying efficient neural networks is essential in resource-constrained environments, yet compact models often sacrifice interpretability - a critical

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Transformer-Based Warm-Starting for Feasible and Optimal Terminal Approach to Tumbling Objects with Space Manipulators

arXiv:2606.17317v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Autonomous capture of a tumbling object with a space manipulator requires trajectory generation under real-time onboard constraints. However, couple

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

TreeSpark: Calibrated, Load-Adaptive Draft Trees for Semi-Autoregressive Speculative Decoding

arXiv:2609.22098v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Speculative decoding accelerates language-model inference by letting a cheap drafter propose tokens that the target model verifies in parallel. Recent b

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

TReViS: Temporal Repetition Structure Aware Video Synthesis for Self-supervised Repetitive Action Counting

arXiv:2609.24367v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Fully supervised repetitive action counting (RAC) has achieved strong performance, but requires dense temporal annotations that are costly and difficult

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Hardware

TriFleetRCA: On-Premise LLM Root Cause Analysis for Kubernetes

arXiv:2609.23766v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Root cause analysis at a remote site is slow: evidence is scattered across pod logs, Kubernetes events and cluster-level objects, and many operators c

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

Triggers and Diagnostics for LLM-Based Interpretability Failures in Active Inference Agents

arXiv:2609.23215v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM explainers are increasingly attached to autonomous agents as runtime oversight, with operators reading a generated account of the agent's beliefs an

Tsallis Entropy Regularization for Linear Quadratic Regulator and Kullback-Leibler Control

arXiv:2403.01805v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Shannon entropy regularization is widely adopted in optimal control due to its ability to promote exploration and enhance robustness, e.g., ma

TTSE: A Two-Track Online Self-Evolution Framework

arXiv:2609.24289v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As Large Language Model (LLM) agents are applied in continuously interactive environments, driving the evolution of their own capabilities becomes a cor

Tutoring Large Language Models to be Domain-adaptive, Precise and Safe

arXiv:2609.23071v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This thesis proposes a framework for 'responsible intelligence' to address AI's critical challenges in safety, ethics, and cultural sensitivity. It ad

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

TWIG: A Time-Causal Wavelet Operator for Autoregressive Forecasting on Irregular Graphs

arXiv:2609.22585v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce TWIG (Time-Causal Wavelet Operator for Irregular Graphs), a graph-native neural operator for autoregressive surrogate modeling on static ir

Type-Driven Tokenization for Brahmic Scripts

arXiv:2609.22125v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Standard tokenizers used in large language models produce malformed text when applied to Brahmic scripts. They are a family of abugidas, writing systems

researcharxiv-cs-cl

U-PEN Mamba: Progressive Expansion with Selective State-Space Modeling for Efficient Retinal Vessel Segmentation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.24049v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate retinal vessel segmentation is important for computer-aided ophthalmic analysis, yet thin vessels, low contrast, and severe foreground-backgrou

UK-PRBENCH: A Paragraph-Level Precedent Retrieval Benchmark for United Kingdom Case Law

arXiv:2609.24613v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Prior case retrieval (PCR) aims to identify precedent cases relevant to a given query case. Existing PCR benchmarks and methods predominantly operate

ULF-Synth: Physics-Guided Ultra-Low-Field MRI Enhancement for Pediatric Neuroimaging

arXiv:2605.24625v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Ultra-low-field (ULF) MRI offers portable and accessible neuroimaging but suffers from reduced signal-to-noise ratio and limited spatial resolution

researcharxiv-cs-cv