Search: “llm”

Calibrated Speculative Decoding: Frequency-Guided Candidate Selection for Efficient Inference

arXiv:2604.13634v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Speculative decoding accelerates autoregressive generation by letting draft tokens bypass full verification, but conventional frameworks suffer from fre

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Character Beyond Speech: Leveraging Role-Playing Evaluation in Audio Large Language Models via Reinforcement Learning

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.13804v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid evolution of multimodal large models has revolutionized the simulation of diverse characters in speech dialogue systems, enabling a novel inte

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

16 Apr 2026

Coherence in the brain unfolds across separable temporal regimes

arXiv:2512.20481v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: To maintain coherence in language, the brain must satisfy key competing temporal demands: the gradual accumulation of meaning across extended

Decoding the Delta: Unifying Remote Sensing Change Detection and Understanding with Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.14044v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in general vision-language tasks, their application to remote sensing change understanding is hinde

DeEscalWild: A Real-World Benchmark for Automated De-Escalation Training with SLMs

arXiv:2604.13075v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Effective de-escalation is critical for law enforcement safety and community trust, yet traditional training methods lack scalability and realism. While

Design Conditions for Intra-Group Learning of Sequence-Level Rewards: Token Gradient Cancellation

arXiv:2604.13088v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In sparse termination rewards, intra-group comparisons have become the dominant paradigm for fine-tuning reasoning models via reinforcement learning. Ho

researcharxiv-cs-lg

DiPO: Disentangled Perplexity Policy Optimization for Fine-grained Exploration-Exploitation Trade-Off

arXiv:2604.13902v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has catalyzed significant advances in the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs).

Enhancing Reinforcement Learning for Radiology Report Generation with Evidence-aware Rewards and Self-correcting Preference Learning

arXiv:2604.13598v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent reinforcement learning (RL) approaches have advanced radiology report generation (RRG), yet two core limitations persist: (1) report-level reward

FieldWorkArena: Agentic AI Benchmark for Real Field Work Tasks

arXiv:2505.19662v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper introduces FieldWorkArena, a benchmark for agentic AI targeting real-world field work. With the recent increase in demand for agent

fMRI-LM: Towards a Universal Foundation Model for Language-Aligned fMRI Understanding

arXiv:2511.21760v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advances in multimodal large language models (LLMs) have enabled unified reasoning across images, audio, and video, but extending such capabi

Foresight Optimization for Strategic Reasoning in Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.13592v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs) have generally advanced significantly. However, it is still challenging for existing reasoning-ba

Local Ai

From Anchors to Supervision: Memory-Graph Guided Corpus-Free Unlearning for Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.13777v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) may memorize sensitive or copyrighted content, raising significant privacy and legal concerns. While machine unlearning has

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

From Seeing it to Experiencing it: Interactive Evaluation of Intersectional Voice Bias in Human-AI Speech Interaction

arXiv:2604.13067v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: SpeechLLMs process spoken language directly from audio, but accent and vocal identity cues can lead to biased behaviour. Current bias evaluations ofte

Hierarchical DLO Routing with Reinforcement Learning and In-Context Vision-language Models

arXiv:2510.19268v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Long-horizon routing tasks of deformable linear objects (DLOs), such as cables and ropes, are common in industrial assembly lines and everyday

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

LaoBench: A Large-Scale Multidimensional Lao Benchmark for Large Language Models

arXiv:2511.11334v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has not been matched by their evaluation in low-resource languages, especially Southeast Asian

Multi-Dimensional Knowledge Profiling with Large-Scale Literature Database and Hierarchical Retrieval

arXiv:2601.15170v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The rapid expansion of research across machine learning, vision, and language has produced a volume of publications that is increasingly difficult t

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Restless Bandits with Individual Penalty Constraints: A New Near-Optimal Index Policy and How to Learn It

arXiv:2604.04101v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper investigates the Restless Multi-Armed Bandit (RMAB) framework under individual penalty constraints to address resource allocation challen

Robust Ultra Low-Bit Post-Training Quantization via Stable Diagonal Curvature Estimate

arXiv:2604.13806v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used across many domains, but their scale makes deployment challenging. Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) reduces

researcharxiv-cs-lg

RPS: Information Elicitation with Reinforcement Prompt Selection

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.13817v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in dialogue generation and reasoning, yet their effectiveness in eliciting user-known bu

SFT-GRPO Data Overlap as a Post-Training Hyperparameter for Autoformalization

arXiv:2604.13515v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) followed by Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is a common post-training recipe. We conduct a controlled ablation ov

SiLVR: A Simple Language-based Video Reasoning Framework

arXiv:2505.24869v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advances in test-time optimization have led to remarkable reasoning capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs), enabling them to solve high

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Synthesizing Instruction-Tuning Datasets with Contrastive Decoding

arXiv:2604.13538v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Using responses generated by high-performing large language models (LLMs) for instruction tuning has become a widely adopted approach. However, the exis

Training-Free Semantic Multi-Object Tracking with Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2604.14074v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Semantic Multi-Object Tracking (SMOT) extends multi-object tracking with semantic outputs such as video summaries, instance-level captions, and interact

researcharxiv-cs-cv

TRIM: Hybrid Inference via Targeted Stepwise Routing in Multi-Step Reasoning Tasks

arXiv:2601.10245v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Multi-step reasoning tasks like mathematical problem solving are vulnerable to cascading failures, where a single incorrect step leads to comp

ALL-FEM: Agentic Large Language models Fine-tuned for Finite Element Methods

arXiv:2603.21011v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Finite element (FE) analysis guides the design and verification of nearly all manufactured objects. It is at the core of computational enginee

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

AlphaEval: Evaluating Agents in Production

arXiv:2604.12162v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid deployment of AI agents in commercial settings has outpaced the development of evaluation methodologies that reflect production realities. Exi

ARGOS: Who, Where, and When in Agentic Multi-Camera Person Search

arXiv:2604.12762v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce ARGOS, the first benchmark and framework that reformulates multi-camera person search as an interactive reasoning problem requiring an ag

Beyond Factual Grounding: The Case for Opinion-Aware Retrieval-Augmented Generation

arXiv:2604.12138v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: RAG systems have transformed how LLMs access external knowledge, but we find that current implementations exhibit a bias toward factual, objective conte

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Beyond Majority Voting: Efficient Best-Of-N with Radial Consensus Score

arXiv:2604.12196v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) frequently generate multiple candidate responses for a given prompt, yet selecting the most reliable one remains challengin

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Beyond Output Correctness: Benchmarking and Evaluating Large Language Model Reasoning in Coding Tasks

arXiv:2604.12379v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) increasingly rely on explicit reasoning to solve coding tasks, yet evaluating the quality of this reasoning remains chall

Applications

BINDER: Instantly Adaptive Mobile Manipulation with Open-Vocabulary Commands

arXiv:2511.22364v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Open-vocabulary mobile manipulation (OVMM) requires robots to follow language instructions, navigate, and manipulate while updating their worl

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Building evidence-based knowledge bases from full-text literature for disease-specific biomedical reasoning

arXiv:2603.28325v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Biomedical knowledge resources often either preserve evidence as unstructured text or compress it into flat triples that omit study design, pr

researcharxiv-cs-ai

CLEAR: Cross-Lingual Enhancement in Alignment via Reverse-training

arXiv:2604.05821v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Existing multilingual embedding models often encounter challenges in cross-lingual scenarios due to imbalanced linguistic resources and less conside

Continuous Knowledge Metabolism: Generating Scientific Hypotheses from Evolving Literature

arXiv:2604.12243v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Scientific hypothesis generation requires tracking how knowledge evolves, not just what is currently known. We introduce Continuous Knowledge Metaboli

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Development, Evaluation, and Deployment of a Multi-Agent System for Thoracic Tumor Board

arXiv:2604.12161v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tumor boards are multidisciplinary conferences dedicated to producing actionable patient care recommendations with live review of primary radiology and

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Dress-ED: Instruction-Guided Editing for Virtual Try-On and Try-Off

arXiv:2603.22607v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advances in Virtual Try-On (VTON) and Virtual Try-Off (VTOFF) have greatly improved photo-realistic fashion synthesis and garment reconstruct

Efficient Inference for Large Vision-Language Models: Bottlenecks, Techniques, and Prospects

arXiv:2604.05546v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) enable sophisticated reasoning over images and videos, yet their inference is hindered by a systemic efficiency

researcharxiv-cs-cl

EgoEsportsQA: An Egocentric Video Benchmark for Perception and Reasoning in Esports

arXiv:2604.12320v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While video large language models (Video-LLMs) excel in understanding slow-paced, real-world egocentric videos, their capabilities in high-velocity, i

Applications

FlowPlan-G2P: A Structured Generation Framework for Transforming Scientific Papers into Patent Descriptions

arXiv:2601.02589v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Over 3.5 million patents are filed annually, with drafting patent descriptions requiring deep technical and legal expertise. Transforming scie

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Fragile Preferences: A Deep Dive Into Order Effects in Large Language Models

arXiv:2506.14092v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in decision-support systems for high-stakes domains such as hiring and university admissions,

Free Random Projection for In-Context Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2504.06983v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Hierarchical inductive biases are hypothesized to promote generalizable policies in reinforcement learning, as demonstrated by explicit hyperbolic l

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Local Ai

Habitat Classification from Ground-Level Imagery Using Deep Neural Networks

arXiv:2507.04017v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Habitat assessment at local scales -- critical for enhancing biodiversity and guiding conservation priorities -- often relies on expert field survey

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Hail to the Thief: Exploring Attacks and Defenses in Decentralised GRPO

arXiv:2511.09780v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has demonstrated wide adoption in the post-training of Large Language Models (LLMs). In GRPO, prompts are

Hard Negative Sample-Augmented DPO Post-Training for Small Language Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2512.19728v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) continue to struggle with mathematical reasoning, and common post-training pipelines often reduce each generated soluti

Learning Chain Of Thoughts Prompts for Predicting Entities, Relations, and even Literals on Knowledge Graphs

arXiv:2604.12651v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Knowledge graph embedding (KGE) models perform well on link prediction but struggle with unseen entities, relations, and especially literals, limiting

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Long-Horizon Plan Execution in Large Tool Spaces through Entropy-Guided Branching

arXiv:2604.12126v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced tool-augmented agents, enabling autonomous reasoning via API interactions. However, executing m

MedConcept: Unsupervised Concept Discovery for Interpretability in Medical VLMs

arXiv:2604.11868v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While medical Vision-Language models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on tasks such as tumor or organ segmentation and diagnosis prediction, their opaq

Modeling Co-Pilots for Text-to-Model Translation

arXiv:2604.12955v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: There is growing interest in leveraging large language models (LLMs) for text-to-model translation and optimization tasks. This paper aims to advance th

agentsarxiv-cs-ai