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Physics-Constrained Digital Twins for Sensor Integrity in Urban Pedestrian Flow: Detecting Stealthy False Data Injection with Conformal Guarantees

arXiv:2609.17635v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: City pedestrian counting systems now feed economic indicators, planning decisions and safety operations, yet the twins built on top of them treat the in

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

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Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Fast Multilayer Spectral Inversion of H{alpha} 6562.8 A and Ca II 8542.1 A Spectra

DGX agent

arXiv:2609.18025v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Strong chromospheric absorption lines such as Halpha 6562.8 A and Ca II 8542.1 A provide vital diagnostics of plasma dynamics and thermal structure in

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

17 Sept 2026

Physics-Informed Sylvester Normalizing Flows for Bayesian Inference in Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2505.03590v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive technique to measure the metabolic composition of tissues, offering valuable insights

Local Ai

PhysVGGT: Feed-Forward Dense Physical Property Estimation from A Single Image

arXiv:2609.18920v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Physical properties, such as friction, hardness, stiffness, and density, govern how robots should grasp, manipulate and interact with objects, yet estim

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Planning or Improvisation? Stress-Testing the Poetry Planning Site on Open Models and Open Cross-Layer Transcoders

arXiv:2609.18440v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Lindsey et al. (2025) report that Claude 3.5 Haiku plans rhymes: features for candidate rhyme words are active on the newline before a line is written,

Playing log(N)-Questions over Wikipedia Abstracts: Communication Efficiency Between Paired Frontier Models

arXiv:2609.19113v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We evaluate six frontier language models on the two-agent log(N)-Questions game. A questioner sees N Wikipedia lead paragraphs and must identify a secre

PointZero: 3D Point Track Completion for Learning Transferable 3D Dynamics

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2609.19142v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: World models endow perceptual systems with the ability to predict how scenes evolve under interaction. They are most beneficial when trained on divers

Pose2Muscle: Structured Spatio-Temporal Decoding for Discrete Muscle Activity Estimation from Human Pose

arXiv:2609.18336v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Muscle activity is fundamental to human movement, and understanding its patterns is critical for injury prevention and rehabilitation. Conventional musc

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Position Anchor Tuning: Towards Efficient Adaptation of Pre-Trained Point Cloud Transformers

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.18056v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has recently emerged as a pivotal research direction for adapting pre-trained point cloud transformers to diverse

Agents

Predictive Varanus: Combining CSP Conformance Monitoring with Predictive LTL Runtime Verification

arXiv:2609.17625v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Runtime Verification is well suited to autonomous and robotic systems because it checks the behaviour that is actually observed during execution. Its ma

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

Prepared Or Unprepared? Evaluating Healthcare Workforce Readiness for Clinical Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Nigeria

arXiv:2609.19096v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into healthcare systems worldwide, yet its successful clinical adoption depends critically on

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Preservation of Log-Concavity and Convergence of Wasserstein-Fisher-Rao Gradient Flows

arXiv:2609.18118v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study the convergence of Wasserstein-Fisher-Rao (WFR) gradient flows for sampling from probability distributions known up to a normalisation consta

Preventing Model Collapse: A Fisher-Rao Perspective on the Dynamics of Training with Synthetic Data

arXiv:2609.18878v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are now routinely trained using synthetic data, since high-quality human data has been exhausted by the ever increasing nee

PrimeScientist: Strategic Allocation of Research Effort in Autonomous Research

arXiv:2609.17846v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autonomous research agents aim to automate scientific workflows, from proposing ideas to conducting experiments and analyzing results. Yet current AI

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Principled Koopman Representations with Kalman Inference for Efficient Time-Series Prediction

arXiv:2609.17815v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The Koopman operator has been widely used for time-series prediction in dynamical systems. However, prior work that learns latent ``Koopman spaces'' u

Prior Evolution and Task Alignment for Aerial Grasping

arXiv:2609.18153v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Aerial grasping is a remarkable capability exhibited by predatory birds, allowing them to capture prey through highly coordinated maneuvers in flight. I

Prior-Free Competitive Ratios for Improving Bandits: Scale, Curvature and Horizon Are Free, but Not Jointly Under Noise

arXiv:2609.17595v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In the improving multi-armed bandits problem, each of k arms has an unknown nondecreasing, discretely concave reward curve f_i, and pulling arm i for th

PRISM: Predictive Representation of Interaction Style and Motion for Social Robot Navigation

arXiv:2609.18125v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Humans often observe others before interacting and adjust their behavior accordingly. Robot navigation in crowds, however, often represents pedestrian

Probabilistic Linear Explanations

arXiv:2609.19077v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Formal explainability provides mathematically grounded justifications for individual predictions. However, abductive explanations often exceed human c

Procedural Pretraining for Molecular Property Prediction

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

arXiv:2609.17831v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Molecular property prediction is often limited by the small size of labeled downstream datasets, motivating pretraining on large corpora of unlabeled

ProgramDistill: From Interactive Web Apps to Verifiable Reference-Guided SWE Tasks

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

arXiv:2609.18805v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Coding agents are typically evaluated with desired behavior specified through issues or instructions. In practical web development, however, agents ma

ProofVerifier: A Scalable, Diversity-Driven Framework for Natural-Language Proof Verification

arXiv:2602.02377v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: While large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on mathematical problems with verifiable answers, many advanced problems are pro

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Prosthesis-Aware 3D Human Pose Estimation: A Dataset and Benchmark for RSP Users

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.18406v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recovering 3D human body motion from video is important for applications such as rehabilitation assessment and sports performance evaluation. For prosth

Provable Guarantees and Efficient Learning of Structural Equation Models with Latent Confounders

arXiv:2609.18535v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Causal discovery aims to recover causal relationships from observed data. In various fields, exploring causal relationships among variables remains an i

Provable Guarantees for Spectral Structured Prediction

arXiv:2609.18527v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Structured prediction is the simultaneous prediction of multiple labels, and is widely used in various fields, such as natural language processing and c

Agents

PULSE: Unlocking Practical Image Compression on Single-Thread CPU

arXiv:2609.18602v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite recent progress in learned image compression, existing methods remain computationally expensive on resource-constrained hardware, particularly C

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

Q-BIOLAT: Binary Latent Protein Fitness Landscapes for QUBO-Based Optimization

arXiv:2603.27526v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Protein fitness optimization is a discrete search problem, and the representation used for prediction also determines the neighborhood graph travers

QEMScore: How Much Does the Measurement Add to Learned Quantum Error Mitigation?

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2609.17896v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: How much does the noisy measurement add to learned quantum error mitigation? An accuracy table cannot say, because a model handed circuit structure ca

QiT: Quantum-Inspired Transformer for Visual Recognition Task

arXiv:2609.17789v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Quantum machine learning offers a compelling representational perspective: angle-encoded states inhabit Hilbert spaces in which periodic similarities

QMSR: Query-Conditioned Mask-wise Expert Routing for Robust Open-Vocabulary Underwater Object Retrieval

arXiv:2609.18752v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Open-vocabulary object retrieval remains challenging in complex underwater environments. Although underwater image enhancement (UIE) can improve visual

Quanta: A Self-Contained Python Library for Hybrid Retrieval over Quantised Embeddings, Lexical Indexes, and Knowledge Graphs

arXiv:2609.18248v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: An advanced retrieval-augmented generation pipeline is typically assembled from three or four independently operated systems: an approximate nearest-n

QuanText: Protecting Dataset-Level Secrets in Textual Data Sharing

arXiv:2609.17995v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Natural-language datasets support many downstream applications and research studies, but releasing text can reveal sensitive global properties of the un

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

RAF-VLA: Representation Alignment with the Future for End-to-End Autonomous Driving

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2609.17728v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models for autonomous driving have incorporated world modeling by predicting future driving scenes alongside driving

RAFAIL: Relationship-Aware Failure Detection for Robotic Manipulation

arXiv:2609.18324v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Detecting failures during execution is essential for reliable robotic manipulation. Vision-language models (VLMs) can assess task outcomes semantically

Rank and computation of the pathlifting Jacobian of a DAG ReLU network

arXiv:2609.18682v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper provides a self-contained proof of the rank of the pathlifting Jacobian of a DAG ReLU network by performing an induction on the network's n

Local Ai

RankGround: Efficient High-Resolution GUI Grounding via Lightweight Reranker-Guided Crop Selection

arXiv:2609.18690v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Graphical User Interface (GUI) grounding is a fundamental perception task for multimodal agents, enabling them to interpret natural language instructi

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Rapid Loss of the Sierra Nevada's Largest Trees Driven by Fire

arXiv:2609.17925v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large trees disproportionately contribute to biomass storage, habitat structure, and ecosystem functioning. However, their distribution and health dynam

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Re2A: Situated Conversational Recommendation via Rubric-based Preference Reasoning and Alignment

arXiv:2609.18249v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-world recommendation scenarios are commonly grounded in shared physical environments during user-recommender interactions. This motivates situated

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Reaching Every Position Without Searching: Rotating Sparse Wiring on the Hypercube as a Substitute for Attention

arXiv:2609.18145v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Attention pays, at every layer and for every input, the cost of searching for whom to connect. We ask how far one can get with wiring that is fixed, spa

Reading Between the Lines: Can LLMs Discover the Question Behind the Text?

arXiv:2609.19070v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper introduces ``question archaeology'', a specific evaluation task focused on inferring the single, authentic 'genesis question' that motivated

Real-Time Bounded Catenary Solver for UAV Tether Modeling

arXiv:2609.18482v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: For non-stationary tethered multirotor UAVs in real-world conditions, simulating the forces imposed on the drone by the aerodynamic drag of the tether b

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

Real-Time Maneuver Planning for Fixed-Wing UAVs in Unsteady Flows Using a GPU-Accelerated Vortex Particle Model

arXiv:2509.16079v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Unsteady aerodynamic effects can have a profound impact on aerial vehicle flight performance, especially during agile maneuvers and in complex aerod

Real-Time Service Robot Replanning via Simple Button Interaction for Improved Task Success and User Experience

arXiv:2609.17541v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Service robots must respond to unexpected instructions in real-world environments. However, robots cannot detect all failures and exceptions during a ta

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

Agents

Reasoning through Evolution: Automatic Meta-path Discovery for LLM-based Fake News Detection

arXiv:2609.18597v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Propagation structures provide crucial evidence for fake news detection, yet existing approaches primarily rely on supervised GNN-based models, which re

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

RecMorph: Topology-Guided Spatial Recurrence for Generalized Morphology Control

arXiv:2609.18359v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generalized morphology control requires a single policy to transform information across limbs with different physical roles, coordinate whole-body mot

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Recursive Reasoning or Statistical Extrapolation? In-Context Learning in Multi-Agent Interdependent Decision-Making

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

arXiv:2609.18591v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In-context learning (ICL) enables large language model (LLM) agents to improve decisions using interaction history, yet it remains unclear whether such

ReDIL-GNN: Resynthesis Domain Incremental Learning for Circuit Graph Neural Networks

arXiv:2609.18595v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Logic resynthesis preserves circuit functionality while changing gate vocabulary, topology, and structural statistics, creating domain shift for circuit

ReFigBench: Benchmarking Scientific Figure Reconstruction as Editable PowerPoint Artifacts

arXiv:2609.18844v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal coding agents are expected to turn visual inputs into usable artifacts, and they act through a harness, the layer of tools, context managemen