Search: “llm”

Silent Sabotage: Internal State Triggered Backdoor Attacks on LLM-Powered Robotic Systems

arXiv:2609.26184v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into robotic control systems is enabling a new generation of autonomous agents capable of complex reason

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

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SyzHarness: Patch-Based Kernel Bug Reproduction with LLM-Synthesized Fuzzing Harnesses

DGX agent

arXiv:2609.23889v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automated kernel vulnerability reproduction is essential for bug triage, patch validation, and regression testing, but still lacks an effective and ef

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

23 Sept 2026

Terminal Shrinkage Averaging Reveals a Schedule-Estimator Interaction in LLM Pretraining

arXiv:2609.25482v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) pretraining conventionally returns the raw final iterate. This couples two design choices: the learning-rate schedule that ge

Total Cost of Agency: Exact Attribution of Memory Injection Cost in Multi-Agent LLM Workflows

arXiv:2609.23790v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Every node in a multi-agent large language model (LLM) workflow retrieves context from memory and injects it into its prompt, where those injected token

Applications

Ultra Strong Machine Learning: LLM-Generated Explanations Do Not Yet Suffice for Teaching Humans Active Learning Strategy

arXiv:2509.00961v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Active learning is a general learning mechanism shared by artificial and human learners. Whether AI can teach humans such a strategy that tran

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

BabelArena: A Large-Scale Multilingual Benchmark for LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.23490v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly execute multi-step workflows through tool use and interaction with users and environments. However, curre

CTRL: Control-Based Time Series Forecasting with LLM-Guided Residual Learning

arXiv:2609.23257v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Time series forecasting underpins critical decision-making across diverse domains. While large language models (LLMs) offer promising reasoning capabi

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Defusing Explosive Prompts: Understanding and Preventing Trigger-Based Prompt Injections in LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.22510v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As LLM applications integrate with external tools, they are increasingly exposed to indirect prompt injection (IPI), where adversarial instructions ar

Emergent Collusion in Long-Horizon LLM Agent Interaction

arXiv:2609.24967v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM agents are increasingly deployed in collaborative settings, yet long-term interaction may give rise to undesirable coordination. We study the emer

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Knowing, and Saying It Only When Asked: LLM Endognostics and the Schizognosis of Minerva-7B

arXiv:2609.22219v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Evaluating an aligned language model by reading its answers assumes the answers carry the distinction the evaluator cares about. We introduce LLM endogn

MCP-GRANITE Benchmark: GRANularity Interface TEsting for MCP-Based LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.24161v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As LLM agents increasingly interact with external tools through standardized protocols such as MCP, tool-interface design becomes a critical yet under

MemCalib: Benchmarking and Optimizing Memory Use in LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.24259v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The effectiveness of agent memory ultimately depends on whether the underlying LLM gives each memory in context an appropriate degree of influence over

Observational Equivalence of LLM and Human Annotation

arXiv:2609.22133v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this paper, we show that LLM and human coding are observationally equivalent in terms of annotation quality: recent LLMs agree with expert coders at

PII-TRACE: A Benchmark for Context-Aware PII Detection in Multi-Turn LLM Conversations

arXiv:2609.22200v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM assistants and agentic systems log long multi-turn conversations. AI providers often scan these conversations for Personally Identifiable Informatio

PSD: Pseudo Self-Distillation of Memory Representation Capabilities for LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.23449v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Memory systems are becoming a core component of LLM agents, but constructing and maintaining memory remains expensive because it relies on repeated ca

RPMem: Learning Long-Term Recurrent Parametric Memory Across Sessions for LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.23466v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-running LLM agents require memory that persists and evolves across sessions. Text-based memory retrieves and reconstructs past interactions at ever

Using Composition Operators to Linearize LLM Semantic Transformations

arXiv:2609.22143v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine learning learns functions: prompt to response, image to caption. What these functions are mathematically remains hard to say. We present a metho

Bayesian Belief Layer for Controllable Opinion Dynamics in LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.21997v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM agents in social simulation revise their opinions implicitly, in context: how open an agent is to persuasion can neither be specified nor verified

Constraint Decay: The Fragility of LLM Agents in Backend Code Generation

arXiv:2605.06445v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM) agents demonstrate strong performance in autonomous code generation under loose specifications. However, production

Efficient Benchmarking in Production: A Study of an Evolving LLM Agent

arXiv:2609.21267v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Production LLM agents are evaluated repeatedly as they evolve, but full agent benchmarks are costly to rerun. We study efficient recurring evaluation fo

K2-V2: A 360-Open, Reasoning-Enhanced LLM

arXiv:2512.06201v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce K2-V2, a 360-open LLM built from scratch as a superior base for reasoning adaptation, in addition to functions such as conversation and

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Local Ai

A Simulation Platform for AUV Fault Recovery: Exploring LLM-Based Diagnostic Strategies

arXiv:2609.20620v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) operating beyond reliable communications must recover from failures without human intervention. We investigate a

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Automated Membership Inference Attacks (AutoMIA): Discovering MIA Signal Computations using LLM Agents

arXiv:2603.19375v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Membership inference attacks (MIAs), which enable adversaries to determine whether specific data points were part of a model's training datase

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Characterizing Web Search by Conversational LLM Agents: From Search Decisions and Strategies to Results and Responses

arXiv:2609.19244v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Conversational LLM agents increasingly rely on Web search, yet the end-to-end lifecycle of agentic search remains poorly understood. We present the firs

Chronicle: Cut-Point Replay for Regression Testing of LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.20625v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model responses are non-deterministic, so failures in LLM agents are hard to reproduce: a failure depends on inference that is not bitw

Closed-World Resolution Against Tool Hallucination in LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.19425v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tool-augmented large language model (LLM) agents fail in a way no tool-selection or tool-security method addresses: they call tools that do not exist an

Dual-Axis Policy Optimization for LLM Agents: Bayesian Feedback Attribution and Trajectory Mass Normalization

arXiv:2609.19830v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning for LLM agents involves two distinct optimization di- mensions: how environment feedback is exploited within a trajectory, and ho

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Evolution or Illusion? Rethinking Evaluation in LLM Evolutionary Search

arXiv:2609.19799v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM-driven evolutionary search finds programs by launching seeds and iterating each one. Papers report a single budget setting, usually one seed run f

researcharxiv-cs-ai

MAS-Shield: A Defense Framework for Secure and Efficient LLM MAS

arXiv:2511.22924v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM)-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) are susceptible to linguistic attacks that can trigger cascading failures across th

QUATRO: Query-Adaptive Trust Region Policy Optimization for LLM Fine-tuning

arXiv:2602.04620v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: GRPO-style reinforcement learning (RL)-based LLM fine-tuning algorithms have recently gained popularity. Relying on heuristic trust-region approxima

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

ASPIRE: Asynchronous Batched Self-Speculative Decoding for Long-Context LLM Inference

arXiv:2609.17943v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Long-context LLM inference is bottlenecked by attention, whose repeated KV-cache reads make decoding memory-bound. Self-speculative decoding alleviate

Beyond Truncation: Rethinking LLM Decoding as Ensemble Pruning

arXiv:2609.18723v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce Mahalanobis-Ensemble Decoding (ME-Decoding), a novel Large Language Model (LLM) decoding framework that frames candidate token selection as

researcharxiv-cs-ai

CERA-MoA: Co-Evolving Routing Mechanisms with Continually Learning LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.18779v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current Mixture-of-Agents (MoA) paradigms generally treat query routing and agent fine-tuning as separate processes, limiting their ability to respond t

LangSelect: Cost-Aware Target-Language Routing for LLM Code Generation

arXiv:2609.18959v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM code-generation systems usually choose a target programming language before decoding and treat that choice as fixed. We show that, for language-flex

Safety-Flag: A Unified Benchmark for the Reliability and Calibration of LLM Content Moderators

arXiv:2609.19072v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models are increasingly used for content moderation, but most evaluations still report aggregate accuracy on individual benchmarks. We in

Local Ai

Understanding LLM Failures: A Multi-Tape Turing Machine Analysis of Systematic Errors in Language Model Reasoning

arXiv:2602.15868v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) exhibit failure modes on seemingly trivial tasks. We propose a formalisation of LLM interaction using a deterministic m

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

AquiLLM: Evaluating Faithfulness in Open-Weight RAG-LLM Systems for Scientific Research

arXiv:2609.16519v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scientific research increasingly relies on large, heterogeneous data sources, motivating interest in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems that p

16 Sept 2026

Verifiable Social Reasoning for LLM Assistants

arXiv:2609.17496v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM assistants are widely used for daily social advice, yet evaluating their social reasoning in such consultation settings remains challenging since (i

16 Sept 2026

World Model Science: Self-Organized Criticality, Weak Chaos, and Metastable Belief Dynamics in Long-Horizon LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.17419v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-horizon LLM agents must maintain task state across extended sequences of observations, actions, tool calls, and intermediate beliefs. We study thes

16 Sept 2026

Carbon-Aware Routing for Function Calling in Edge-Cloud LLM Systems

arXiv:2609.13559v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) with function-calling capabilities are becoming critical for modern agentic AI systems. Nevertheless, current deployments t

Local Ai

CIDERS: Cloud-Edge LLM Collaborative Learning via Accelerating Personalized Bilevel Optimization

arXiv:2609.15664v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Amid the rapid advancement of physical-world intelligence, cloud-edge collaborative large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising roadmap f

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Inter-Rater Reliability of LLM and Rule-Based Annotation for Inferential Narrative Features: Three Studies on a Turkish Corpus

arXiv:2609.13936v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Datasets that ship automatically generated feature annotations invite a question rarely asked of them: would a human agree with those labels? This repor

MoARa: Module-Aware Rank Allocation and Structure-Preserving Decomposition for Low-Rank LLM Pre-training

arXiv:2609.15037v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Low-rank gradient projection reduces the optimizer-state memory cost of large language model (LLM) pretraining, but the steps and wall-clock time need

PolicyMem: Geometric Policy Memory for LLM Governance

arXiv:2609.13734v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world high-stakes applications, effective governance has become essential. Existing

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Safety as a Constraint: Fine-Tuning a LLM Recommender to Explain Itself

arXiv:2609.13657v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Traditional recommender systems are typically trained to predict what item users will interact with next, but not why. However, offering personalized ev

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Applications

STHMoE: Hypergraph-Enhanced Heterogeneous Dependency Coordination for LLM-Based Urban Traffic Data Forecasting

arXiv:2609.15172v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Spatio-temporal traffic forecasting is a fundamental big data analytics task for intelligent transportation systems, where massive urban sensor streams

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Thinking beyond the anthropomorphic paradigm benefits LLM research

arXiv:2502.09192v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Anthropomorphism, or the attribution of human traits to technology, is an automatic and unconscious response that occurs even in those with advanced

AsyncFlow: An Asynchronous Streaming RL Framework for Efficient LLM Post-Training

arXiv:2507.01663v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a pivotal technology in the post-training phase of large language models (LLMs). Traditional task-collocated