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Perception Before Supervision: Self-Contained Visual Distillation from Counterfactual Blind Spots

arXiv:2608.09931v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Self-improvement for multimodal large language models (MLLMs) is typically driven by reward-based methods that provide only coarse scalar feedback. Dist

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

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Performance of large language models in the optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps

DGX agent

arXiv:2608.07543v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Background and Study Aims: Accurate optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps guides resection strategy and surveillance, with multimodal large language

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

11 Aug 2026

Persistent Semantic Entities in Tool-Augmented LLM Systems

arXiv:2608.07952v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Tool-augmented LLM agents can harbor implicit state that persists across sessions, activates through events, and propagates across agent boundaries---

Hardware

Personalized AI startup River AI raises $1.1B from consortium backed by Nvidia, AMD

River AI Inc., a startup that helps enterprises customize open-source artificial intelligence models, has raised 1.1 billion in early-stage funding. The company stated in today’s announcement that it

hardwaresiliconangle

Personalized Federated Learning via Variance-Aware Nonparametric Empirical Bayes

arXiv:2608.09074v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We develop a new approach to Personalized Federated Learning across heterogeneous clients using Nonparametric Empirical Bayes (NPEB). Leveraging the a

Personalized Lower-limb Exoskeleton Assistance via Preference-based Bayesian Optimization

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2608.09015v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A significant challenge in exoskeleton robotics is the need to dynamically adapt control profiles to individual motion preferences, thereby ensuring bot

Persuasive and Compliant Tendencies Predict Group Decision-Making in Humans and Language Models

arXiv:2608.08199v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly involved in group decision-making with other LLMs and humans. Yet it remains unclear whether their influen

PET/CT Radiogenomic Mutation Prediction in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Multi-Label Learning

arXiv:2608.09721v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer- related mortality worldwide. Although targeted therapies have improved outcomes for patients wi

researcharxiv-cs-lg

PhysAttNet: Enhancing Predictive Performance in Industrial and Astrophysical Time Series via Physics-Informed Attention

arXiv:2608.07681v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate and robust time series forecasting is essential in many applications involving physical processes, such as manufacturing monitoring and astroph

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Hardware

Physics-Informed Condition Monitoring of SiC Power Modules

arXiv:2608.08363v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Silicon carbide (SiC) power modules are increasingly deployed in automotive traction inverters, where condition monitoring is essential to prevent in-

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

Physics-Informed Learning for Robust Acoustic Localization with Calibrated Uncertainty

arXiv:2608.08911v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) offer an opportunity to obtain ecological spatial point-process data at unprecedented scale. Howe

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Physics-Informed Policy Iteration for High-Dimensional Hamilton--Jacobi--Bellman Equations: Interior Error Bounds without Boundary Data

arXiv:2508.01718v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We develop a physics-informed policy-iteration method for stationary second-order Hamilton--Jacobi--Bellman equations arising in continuous-time sto

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

PhysX-CoT: Structured Physical Reasoning from a Single Image to Simulation-Ready 3D Assets

arXiv:2608.08053v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Simulation-ready 3D assets are central to robotics and embodied AI. Generating them from a single image is usually framed as a vision-language model t

PIVOT: Preference-based Intervention Vectors for Pedagogical Tutor Steering

arXiv:2608.07509v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLMs are increasingly used for conversational tutoring, but effective tutoring requires more than correct answers. Tutors must choose when to scaffold

Planning/RL for a stochastic single-player merge puzzle: afterstates, previewed chance events, and long-horizon throughput [D]

I am working on an AI for a small single-player merge puzzle and would appreciate pointers to related algorithms, papers, or existing implementations. It resembles 2048 in its action -> afterstate ->

safetyr-machinelearning

PluginEval: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Fine-Grained Error Attribution in Function Calling

arXiv:2608.08700v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable evaluation of tool routing is critical as Large Language Models increasingly operate as autonomous agents. Current benchmarks face three struct

PolicyKG: An Agentic LLM Pipeline for Translating Institutional Policies into SHACL Knowledge Graphs

arXiv:2608.09028v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Institutional policies stay in natural language while the systems that check compliance demand machine-readable constraints. Bridging that gap is still

PolypSteer: Counterfactual Endoscopic Synthesis via Training-Free Activation Steering

arXiv:2603.07066v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Generative diffusion models are increasingly used for medical imaging data augmentation, but text prompting cannot produce causal training dat

Population-Level Generative Modeling for Ranking Data

arXiv:2608.08422v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Ranking data arise in scientific and machine learning applications, including recommendation systems, information retrieval, voting, marketing, and AI

Agents

Population-Scalable Multi-Agent World Modeling

arXiv:2608.08600v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: World models have recently achieved impressive progress in visual prediction and interactive generation, but extending them to multi-agent environment

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

PosBridge: Multi-View Positional Embedding Transplant for Identity-Aware Image Editing

arXiv:2508.17302v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Localized subject-driven image editing aims to seamlessly integrate user-specified objects into target scenes. As generative models continue to scal

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Position Bias in Ordinal Classification: A Systematic Evaluation

arXiv:2608.08869v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models are increasingly used for ordinal classification, yet semantically equivalent changes to prompt organization can alter their predi

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Position: Certifiable State Integrity Should Be Built from Local Validity, Not Global Scale

arXiv:2601.21249v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Breakthroughs in language and vision have motivated increasingly general foundation models for time series and physical dynamics, where evidence is

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Positioning Generative Artificial Intelligence in STEM Assessment: When to Require, Scaffold, or Restrict Its Use

arXiv:2608.07475v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) presents a governance challenge for STEM assessment. Unrestricted access can enable task outsourcing that u

PQC in Plaintext: Google Cloud’s post-quantum cryptography roadmap

Securing infrastructure and services against a future cryptographically-relevant quantum computer has been a goal for Google for a decade, and we’ve dedicated ourselves to help developers by advancing

safetygoogle-cloud-ai

PragMatch: Separating Pragmatic Incongruity from Cross-Modal Mismatch in Large Vision-Language Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2608.09772v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on multimodal benchmarks, yet it remains unclear whether they genuinely reason

Pragmatic Attack Surface: Vulnerabilities of Implicit Context in Large Language Models

arXiv:2608.09551v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In the era of large language models (LLMs), attackers often manipulate natural language to elicit unsafe or harmful outputs, creating a new natural lang

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

PragyaDoc: A Universal Document Intelligence Framework for Multilingual Medical Document Understanding in Low-Resource Settings

arXiv:2608.07478v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: India's 22 official languages create a critical accessibility barrier: the majority of medical documentation exists exclusively in English, yet the pa

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Predict to Skip: Linear Multistep Feature Forecasting for Efficient Diffusion Transformers

arXiv:2602.18093v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Diffusion Transformers (DiT) have emerged as a widely adopted backbone for high-fidelity image and video generation, yet their iterative denoising p

Predicting blood clot growth from sparse post-onset measurements with latent neural differential equations

arXiv:2608.08165v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Computational models of blood clotting improve understanding of thrombus formation, but their clinical application remains limited because many model in

Predictive Failure Detection in Network Hardware Using Thermal Imaging and Deep Learning with Sensor Fusion

arXiv:2608.07582v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Unplanned network hardware malfunctions can interrupt services and result in expensive downtime in data centers. A deep learning-based predictive mainte

Predictive safety filter enhanced curriculum learning control for efficient vehicle dynamics controller

arXiv:2608.09653v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in learning-based control have enabled impressive achievements in solving complex control problems in various domains. However, since

Agents

Preference Redirection via Attention Concentration: An Attack on Computer Use Agents

arXiv:2604.08005v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Advancements in multimodal foundation models have enabled the development of Computer Use Agents (CUAs) capable of autonomously interacting with GUI

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Applications

PreGress: Ranking-Native Pre-training and Prompting for Graph Node Ranking

arXiv:2608.09016v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Node ranking is a fundamental problem in graph information retrieval, measuring the relative importance of nodes and supporting a wide range of applic

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Applications

Preserve More Details: Mitigating Content Drift in Real-World Image Super-Resolution

arXiv:2608.09373v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-world image super-resolution (Real-ISR) aims to reconstruct high-quality (HQ) images from low-quality (LQ) inputs subject to diverse real-world deg

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Preserving Item Semantics for Free: Rethinking Token Initialization in LLM-Based Generative Recommendation

arXiv:2608.07816v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in generative recommendation (GR) leverage large language models (LLMs) as recommender backbones, enabling LLMs to directly generate r

PressureMesh: 3D Human Mesh Estimation from Multi-Device Pressure Images

arXiv:2608.09550v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Human pose monitoring is crucial in fields such as rehabilitation assessment and human-computer interaction. Due to its privacy-preserving nature, press

Preview-Based Relative-Motion Control of an Insertion Tool for Neural-Thread Placement in Pulsating Tissue

arXiv:2608.08860v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Robotic neural-thread placement requires regulating the insertion-tool tip relative to tissue that moves with cardiac and respiratory pulsation. This

researcharxiv-cs-ro

PRISM: A Predictive Protocol for Permutation Optimization via Landscape Diagnostics

arXiv:2608.08344v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Permutation optimization arises whenever the components of a system are fixed but their ordering affects performance. We introduce PRISM, a predictive

PRISM-Delta: Differential Subspace Steering for Prompt Highlighting in Large Language Models

arXiv:2603.10705v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Prompt highlighting steers a large language model to prioritize user-specified text spans during generation. A key challenge of existing Key-editing

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Privacy-Preserving Data Drift Detection and Recovery for Large-Scale LLM Applications via Proxy Representations

arXiv:2608.08245v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM applications deployed at scale face a fundamental challenge: privacy constraints prevent direct inspection of user interactions, making it difficu

Private Anytime Selective-Risk Certification for Federated Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Guarantees and Empirical Limits

arXiv:2608.07913v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Selective-risk certificates promise that accepted outputs meet a declared error target. We develop Fed-SRC, a score-agnostic certificate for federated

Private Etymology: Designing Relational Reuse of Shared Symbols in Long-Term Human-AI Interaction

arXiv:2608.08443v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Previous studies have shown that people can develop shared symbols, partner-specific expressions, personal idioms, inside jokes, and other parts of a

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Privileged Likelihood Is Not Automatically Value: Three Checks for Token Credit in On-Policy Self-Distillation

arXiv:2608.09263v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Outcome verifiers score completed reasoning traces but do not assign credit to intermediate tokens. Privileged self-distillation attempts to fill this g

Privileged Solutions or Context-Induced Teacher Behavior? Dissecting On-Policy Self-Distillation

arXiv:2608.09228v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: On-Policy Self-Distillation (OPSD) is commonly interpreted as the transfer of privileged information: a teacher observes the verified solution to the

Probabilistic Circuits for Knowledge Graph Completion with Reduced Rule Sets

arXiv:2508.06706v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Rule-based methods for knowledge graph completion provide explainable results, but often require tens of thousands of rules to achieve competitive p

ProbSPARQL: Querying Knowledge Graphs with Multi-dimensional, Uncertain Numeric Data

arXiv:2607.18262v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The SFB 1574 Circular Factory is building a shared knowledge graph infrastructure for integrating data about returned products. A central challenge

Applications

Progressive Learned Image Compression for Machine Perception

arXiv:2512.20070v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advances in learned image codecs have extended from human perception toward machine perception However, progressive image compression with fi

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv