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Topology-induced Operators Reveal Complementary Graph Representations without Training

arXiv:2609.08152v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph representation learning has largely focused on designing increasingly sophisticated models to transform graph topology into vector representations

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Toward Robust Single-Photon Perception for Robots: A Condition-Aware Active Learning Approach

DGX agent

arXiv:2505.04376v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: LiDAR-based perception plays a fundamental role in modern robotic systems for environment understanding and navigation. Single-photon LiDAR (S

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

9 Sept 2026

Toward Sustainable Distributed LLM Inference: A Systems Synthesis and Research Agenda for an Energy-, Carbon-, and Cache-Aware llm-d Control Plane

arXiv:2609.05565v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) sustainability is increasingly a serving-systems problem, not only a training problem. In production, energy and carbon imp

Towards Bridging the Gap Between Offline and Iterative Alignment via Preference Distillation

arXiv:2609.06893v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Direct preference optimization DPO is a promising offline approach for aligning large language models (LLMs) due to its simplicity, computational effi

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Towards Embodied Air-Ground Cooperative Object Search: Benchmark, Dataset and Agentic Method

arXiv:2609.08402v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Air-Ground Object Search (AGOS) in urban environments is a challenging embodied task, which requires an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and an Unmanned Gr

Towards Unified Multimodal Graph Foundation Model: A Bridge-Router-Adapter Based Approach

arXiv:2609.06668v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal graphs couple node attributes in different modalities, such as text and images, with relational structure, enabling topological structure and

Towards Vision-Language Geo-Foundation Model: A Survey

arXiv:2406.09385v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Vision-Language Foundation Models (VLFMs) have made remarkable progress on various multimodal tasks, such as image captioning, image-text retrieval,

Tracing Mathematical Proficiency Through Problem-Solving Processes

arXiv:2512.00311v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Knowledge Tracing (KT) aims to model student's knowledge state and predict future performance to enable personalized learning in Intelligent Tutorin

Agents

Tracking-by-detection in Multi-object Tracking: Survey and Experiments

arXiv:2609.08265v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-object tracking (MOT) is an essential computer vision task that simultaneously tracks multiple objects in video sequences, with various applicatio

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

Tracking the Moving Frontier: Long-Short Term Advantage Estimator

arXiv:2609.06671v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Group-based RLVR methods estimate advantages by repeatedly sampling multiple trajectories for each prompt, making long-horizon agent training expensive

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

TRAIL: Trajectory-Aware Visual Place Recognition against Unordered Databases

arXiv:2609.07373v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern Visual Place Recognition (VPR) methods excel on standard benchmarks yet remain brittle in feature-poor environments. By treating each query image

Train Smarter, Not Harder: Switching Signal-Guided Training in Active Learning

arXiv:2609.06806v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Training strategy, namely whether to retrain from scratch or fine-tune from the previous checkpoint, is an overlooked decision variable in active learni

Training-Free Task Vectors for LLM Behavioral Control

arXiv:2609.09054v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Task vectors enable post-training model editing by identifying semantically meaningful directions in weight space, typically computed as the difference

Transformers as In-Context Samplers: From Closed-Form Diffusion to Estimation-Free Sampling

arXiv:2609.08981v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A growing body of work establishes that large language models are not mere statistical memorizers, but are capable of in-context learning: performing in

Translation of Black-Box Clinical Prediction Models into Standalone Transparent Nomograms: Temporal External Validation in Heart Transplantation

arXiv:2609.07610v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We convert black-box clinical prediction models for tabular data into standalone nomograms that can be audited term by term. PRiSM (Partial Responses in

TransNormal-2: Geometry-Grounded Rectified Flow with Edge-Aware Decoding for Precise Normal Estimation

arXiv:2609.06665v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion-based models enable monocular geometry estimation, yet their pixel-space precision is limited by a shared, under-studied error source: VAE rec

Tri-PvP: Exposing Modality Bias in Omni-Modal Large Language Models through Perceptual-Propositional Evidence Conflicts

arXiv:2609.06011v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Omni-modal large language models (OLLMs) jointly process vision, audio, and text, yet their modality bias under cross-modal conflict remains underexpl

Applications

TriCCOT: Tri-part Convolutional Conformal Transformer for Onboard Space Object Detection

arXiv:2609.08659v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Onboard object detection in Earth observation is constrained by limited computational resources and the absence of fully corrected imagery. While convol

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

TRIUNE-Net: Harmonizing Scale, Shape, and Efficiency in Pancreatic Tumor Segmentation

arXiv:2609.08303v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Pancreatic tumor segmentation in 3D CT volumes is challenged by extreme scale variability across both the pancreas and tumor, and highly irregular tumor

Agents

TrojanWorld: Backdooring World-Model Agents via Imagination Steering

arXiv:2609.07051v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: World models increasingly serve as the predictive core of model-based reinforcement learning agents, enabling them to simulate future dynamics and reaso

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Trust-But-Verify: Poisoning-Resilient Locally Private Graph Learning Protocols

arXiv:2609.07063v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Built upon local differential privacy (LDP), locally private graph learning protocols have emerged as an important paradigm for decentralized graph lear

TV-Regulated OPD: Direction Matters in On-Policy Distillation

arXiv:2609.08341v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: On-Policy Distillation (OPD) facilitates the transfer of knowledge from domain expert to student in the post-training phase of Large Language Models (LL

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

TV-SGS: Gaussian Splatting with Geometric Information Propagation via Tensor Voting under sparse views

arXiv:2609.07734v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Gaussian Splatting has been effective in inferring scene representations that excel in novel view synthesis. Multiple splats cooperate seamlessly to syn

Two-dimensional Taxonomy for N-ary Knowledge Representation Learning Methods

arXiv:2506.05626v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Real-world knowledge can take various forms, including structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data. Among these, Knowledge Graphs (KGs) are s

Two-Scale Localized PCA-Net: Coarse-Global and Local-Residual Representations for Artifact-Reduced PDE Operator Learning

arXiv:2609.08034v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Localized dimensionality reduction improves the scalability of operator learning for high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs), but indepen

Understanding Cross-Modal Contributions in Continual Vision-Language Models: A Theoretical Perspective

arXiv:2606.14883v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Continual vision-language models are commonly addressed through sequential fine-tuning; however, although this paradigm enables adaptation to new en

Understanding Uncertainty Sampling via Equivalent Loss

arXiv:2307.02719v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Uncertainty sampling is a classical active-learning strategy, yet the statistical objective induced by its query rule is often implicit. We introduc

Unexplored flaws in multiple-choice VQA make benchmarking unreliable

arXiv:2511.22341v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Previous works identify sensitivity to option order as a key issue in multiple-choice VQA (MC-VQA) evaluation and propose protocols to mitigate this

Uni-Inter: Unifying 3D Human Motion Synthesis Across Diverse Interaction Contexts

arXiv:2511.13032v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We present Uni-Inter, a unified framework for human motion generation that supports a wide range of interaction scenarios: including human-human, hu

Uni-Light: An Ultra-Lightweight Framework via Uncertainty-Aware Knowledge Distillation for Brain Tumour Segmentation

arXiv:2609.06729v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate 3D brain tumour segmentation from multi-modal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is essential for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Exis

Unified Long Video Inpainting and Outpainting via Overlapping High-Order Co-Denoising

arXiv:2511.03272v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Diffusion-based text-to-video models are increasingly capable, but mask-based editing over hundreds of frames remains challenging: naive long-video

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Applications

Unified Multi-Layer Subspace Modeling for Cross-Domain OOD Detection

arXiv:2609.06785v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection remains a fundamental challenge for neural networks, whose predictions can be overconfident on inputs that deviate f

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Unified Vision-Centric Pedestrian Crossing Action Prediction via Adaptive Patch Projection and Proactive Spatial Rectification

arXiv:2609.07420v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision cues are available and informative for pedestrian action prediction, but obtaining stable target-centric representations from video frames remain

UniFusion: Sparse-View 4D Reconstruction via Unified Spatio-temporal Depth Alignment

arXiv:2609.05888v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this paper, we address the challenging problem of 4D reconstruction from sparse-view videos. This setup usually relies on monocular depth estimation

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Tutorials

Unifying Physics-Based Humanoid Interaction with a Context-Conditioned Interaction Prior

arXiv:2609.06591v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Developing unified physics-based humanoid controllers that can navigate complex 3D scenes and manipulate objects remains a longstanding challenge. Exist

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ro

UniQueR: Unified Query-based Feedforward 3D Reconstruction

arXiv:2603.22851v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We present UniQueR, a unified query-based feedforward framework for efficient and accurate 3D reconstruction from unposed images. Existing feedforwa

Unraveling the Real Working Mechanism and Inherent Flaws of GAE: A Method for Interpreting Transformer Processes from an Economic Perspective

arXiv:2609.07213v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We observe a phenomenon that current algorithmic research in the field of explainable artificial intelligence primarily pursues better performance on

Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Symbol Spotting in Historical Encrypted Manuscripts

arXiv:2609.07159v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The decipherment of historical encrypted manuscripts poses a fundamental challenge in Digital Humanities: before any transcription can begin, the symbol

Unsupervised Transfer Clustering for Mitigating Cold Start in Active Prompt Learning

arXiv:2609.05636v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are able to achieve impressive zero-shot classification performance by aligning visual and textual representations, but ea

US-JEPA: A Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture for Ultrasound

arXiv:2602.19322v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Ultrasound (US) imaging poses unique challenges for representation learning due to its inherently noisy acquisition process. The low signal-to-noise

VDiff-Bench: A Challenging Benchmark for Fine-Grained Image Difference Identification

arXiv:2609.06245v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) perform strongly on general visual understanding tasks such as visual question answering, yet they often strugg

VeriScene: Reconstructing Crime Scenes from Legal Evidence via World-Model Agent

arXiv:2609.08342v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: World models take multimodal inputs like text, photos, and diagrams to generate dynamic scenes in accordance with the laws of physics, thus opening a co

VERPO: Verified Evidence Regularized Policy Optimization

arXiv:2609.06100v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Verifiable outcome rewards guide language-model post-training, but sequence-level advantages do not identify which token-level decisions should be prese

VEX-Bench: Benchmarking LLM Agents for Assessing Exploitability of Software Supply Chain Vulnerabilities

arXiv:2609.08040v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The software supply chain has become an increasingly exposed attack surface because of its reliance on intricate yet fragile dependencies. Existing de

VI-Bench: Benchmarking Prompt Inversion from AIGC Videos

arXiv:2609.08079v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in video generation have made prompt-based control increasingly central to AIGC video generation. Prompts specify what a video should de

VidaForge: Open Research Infrastructure for Video Pretraining Data Recipes

arXiv:2609.06652v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Video foundation models increasingly rely on large-scale pretraining data, yet the end-to-end data pipelines behind them remain largely closed and diffi

Video Compression with Graph-inspired Neural Representation

arXiv:2609.05541v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Implicit Neural Representations (INR) provide a compact and content-adaptive paradigm for video compression, typically representing a video through shar

VIS-DICT: A Visual Dictionary for Missing Modality Imputation in Social Network Depression Detection

arXiv:2609.05537v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tracking social media posts can help spot early signs of depression. Recent studies show that combining text and images works better for detecting depre