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AI Mathematician: Towards Fully Automated Frontier Mathematical Research

arXiv:2505.22451v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have made significant progress in mathematical capabilities in recent times. However, these successes have been primar

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

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Allocate Before You Embed: Adaptive Visual Input Allocation for Video Embeddings

DGX agent

arXiv:2609.01778v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large-scale video retrieval requires embedding models to encode long and diverse videos under tight visual-input and inference budgets. Existing methods

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

3 Sept 2026

AlphaRAD: Grounded Zero-Shot Classification in Chest Radiology via alpha-Corrected Binary Cross Entropy and Factorized Latent Supervision

arXiv:2609.01757v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Pretrained Models (VLPMs) offer a scalable path to open-vocabulary chest radiology understanding, yet two aspects remain underexplored:

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

An Adaptive Control Architecture for Slope and Terrain Compensation in Autonomous Navigation in Mediterranean Greenhouses

arXiv:2609.02487v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The ability to move stably over terrain with varying slopes and textures is essential for mobile agricultural robots operating in complex and dynamic en

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

APEx: Distillation of Agent Procedural Experience for Adaptive Deep Research Question Answering

arXiv:2609.02253v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep research agents augment large language models with external tools to answer complex, long-horizon questions through multi-turn reasoning. Learning

Applications

Architecting Conversational Data Systems for Stateless LLM APIs: The Hydration Proxy Pattern

arXiv:2609.01834v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As enterprise platforms transition to conversational reasoning interfaces, the stateless nature of LLM APIs creates an architectural gap. While stateles

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Are Non-English Papers Reviewed Fairly? Language-of-Study Bias in NLP Peer Reviews

arXiv:2604.07119v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Peer review plays a central role in the NLP publication process, but is susceptible to various biases. Here, we study language-of-study (LoS) bias:

ASCII Attack: Recontextualising Harmful Requests as Artistic Critique in Large Language Models

arXiv:2609.02215v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Safety alignment trains large language models to refuse harmful requests stated plainly, but that training is applied mostly to surface form. Requests t

Asymmetric Paired-Annotation Learning for Multi-Structure ULF Pediatric Brain MRI Segmentation

arXiv:2609.02210v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Portable ultra-low-field (ULF) MRI can expand access to pediatric neuroimaging, but segmentation at 0.064 T remains challenging because anatomical bound

AtlasPatch: Scalable Foundation Model-based Tissue Detection and Patch Extraction for Computational Pathology

arXiv:2602.03998v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Whole-slide image (WSI) preprocessing, including tissue detection and patch extraction, is critical computational pathology, yet remains a maj

Auditory Illusion Benchmark for Large Audio Language Models

arXiv:2609.02277v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Perceptual illusions have long served as crucial probes into human cognition, revealing biases and limitations of perception. In the auditory domain,

Tutorials

AutoCompass: Accurate Visual Localization on Public Maps by Learning from Weak Labels

arXiv:2609.02798v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Neural map matchers estimate an image's 3-DoF pose relative to a 2D map. These models are trained on large-scale datasets of geo-referenced images, whos

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Automated Maize Ear Phenotyping Using 3D Reconstructions

arXiv:2609.01921v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Maize kernel traits such as row number, kernels per row, and kernel size vary largely for genetic reasons and are consistently associated with regions o

Local Ai

Automated Vulnerability Injection in Smart Contracts Using Large Language Models

arXiv:2609.02624v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Assessing vulnerability detection tools for smart contracts requires datasets with known ground truth, yet such datasets are scarce and difficult to b

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

AVERT: Audio-Verified Adjudication for Spoken Dialogue State Tracking

arXiv:2609.01828v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Spoken dialogue state tracking recovers slot-value pairs from speech, where ASR errors concentrate in entity values and persist across turns, making it

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Backdoor Attacks on Speech Emotion Recognition via TTS-Generated Poisoning

arXiv:2606.21052v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) systems increasingly leverage self-supervised acoustic representations, yet their vulnerability to training-t

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Balancing Frequencies and Pixels in Flow Matching

arXiv:2609.02748v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Natural images follow a 1/f^2 spectral distribution: most signal energy lies in the low spatial frequencies, while the perceptually important structures

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Basin Geometry and Reliable Recall of Dynamical Memories in Reservoir Computing

arXiv:2609.01914v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reliable attractor recall conventionally requires broad basins of attraction. However, in reservoir-computing based associative memory, temporal cues

Applications

Bayes-Optimal BER and AUC: Estimation and Evaluation of Estimators

arXiv:2609.02304v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A fundamental quantity in machine learning is the optimal performance achievable by any model on a given task. Estimating this quantity allows us to dis

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Beauty is in the AI of the beholder: MLLMs systematically overrate facial attractiveness

arXiv:2609.02512v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Beauty assessments from Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly popular amongst users, companies, and aestheticians. This raises the q

Before the Script, Set the Stage: How Worldview Simulation Amplifies Psychologically Grounded Persuasion in Multi-Turn Jailbreaking

arXiv:2609.02414v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multi-turn jailbreak attacks demonstrate that harmful intent can be distributed across dialogue, yet existing methods obscure what conversational mech

Belief-Calibrated Optimization: An Explicit World Model for Agentic Optimization

arXiv:2609.01861v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The performance of an LLM agent depends on the scaffold around a frozen model. A common way to improve that scaffold is to use a coding agent as an opti

Benchmarking Language Models for Statistical Problem Formulation

arXiv:2609.01982v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as assistants for statistical and data science work, yet existing evaluations largely assume the anal

Benchmarking RAW and RGB Restoration in Image Signal Processors

arXiv:2609.02831v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern cameras transform RAW sensor measurements into sRGB images through an image signal processor (ISP). We benchmark two placements for blind restora

Beyond Appearance: Can Multimodal Large Language Models Exploit Vertical Structure for Remote Sensing Natural Scene Understanding?

arXiv:2605.25784v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have advanced rapidly in remote-sensing analysis, yet existing evaluations remain predominantly 2D-centric.

Beyond Context Windows: Persistent Discovery Context for Data-Centric Agents

arXiv:2609.02129v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Data-centric agents repeatedly perform a discovery step before planning or execution: identifying the data objects relevant to a task. Yet successful di

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Beyond Dialogue Time: Temporal Semantic Memory for Personalized LLM Agents

arXiv:2601.07468v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Memory enables Large Language Model (LLM) agents to perceive, store, and use information from past dialogues, which is essential for personalization

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Beyond Modality Harmony: Orthogonal Purification and Topology-Guided MoE for Conflict-Aware Multimodal Recommendation

arXiv:2609.02152v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal Recommender Systems (MRSs) typically rely on a flawed 'modality harmony' assumption, presuming that multimodal features are inherently bene

Beyond Outcome Gaps: Process-Aware Fairness Diagnosis for LLM-based Multi-Agent Decision Systems

arXiv:2609.02092v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) are increasingly considered for high-stakes decision-making, yet outcome-based fairness audits can miss where risks

Beyond-RAG: Question Identification and Answer Generation in Real-Time Conversations

arXiv:2410.10136v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In customer contact centers, human agents often struggle with long average handling times (AHT) due to the need to manually interpret queries

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Beyond Textual Chain-of-Thought: A Survey on Action-Grounded Reasoning in Autonomous Driving

arXiv:2609.01659v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning powers generative models by eliciting intermediate steps before producing an answer. In autonomous driving, the answe

Bilevel Coordinated Reflection: A Game-Theoretic Approach to Multi-Agent LLM Systems

arXiv:2609.02750v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-agent LLM systems commonly use an orchestrator to decompose a task for a team of workers and then improve through textual reflection. Despite stro

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Blended Chart Surfaces: A Seamless Explicit Representation for Smooth Surface Fitting

arXiv:2606.18069v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: A surface representation suitable for geometry processing should be compact and explicit, provide global smoothness guarantees, support a wide

Blending Concepts: Benchmarking Visual Metaphor Generation in Text-to-Image Models

arXiv:2609.02502v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Text-to-image (T2I) models have achieved remarkable success at faithfully rendering specified objects and attributes, yet their ability to produce vis

Breadth Beats Depth: Improving GCG-Based Jailbreak Optimization with Breadth-Oriented Suffix Search

arXiv:2609.02172v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Optimization-based jailbreak attacks such as Greedy Coordinate Gradient (GCG) achieve strong effectiveness and transferability by optimizing adversarial

Breaking the Geometric Bottleneck: Contrastive Expansion in Asymmetric Cross-Modal Distillation

arXiv:2603.06698v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Knowledge distillation between asymmetric architectures often induces severe geometric constraints on the learned representation space. We investiga

Bridging Latent Reasoning and Target-Language Generation via Retrieval-Transition Heads

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2602.22453v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent work has identified a subset of attention heads in Transformer as retrieval heads, which are responsible for retrieving information from the

C^{3}T: Counterfactual Causal Reasoning for Sentiment Shifts in Social-Media Conversation Trees

arXiv:2609.02131v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sentiment in social-media threads does not only vary across posts; it shifts as users react to claims, corrections, evidence, and hostility within a b

CA-OPD: Confidence-Aware On-Policy Distillation for Structured Visual Prediction

arXiv:2609.02401v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autoregressive vision language models unify heterogeneous perception tasks but are highly susceptible to compounding errors. On-policy distillation (OPD

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

CACTUS: Mask-Guided Semantic Clean-Label Backdoors in Decentralized Federated Learning

arXiv:2609.02450v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Semantic triggers in federated learning (FL) can be less conspicuous than synthetic patches, but sample-dependent placement may weaken backdoor implanta

CAHR-Net: Condition-Adaptive Hysteresis Reconstruction for Compact and Interpretable Magnetic Core Loss Modeling

arXiv:2609.01991v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Magnetic core loss originates in the hysteresis loop: the energy dissipated per excitation cycle equals the loop area, and frequency, temperature, and w

Candidate Generation and Definition-Guided Verification for Sentence-Level Depression Symptom Recognition

arXiv:2609.01833v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sentence-level recognition of depression symptoms is challenging because similar expressions can differ in symptom relevance, and language-model inferen

CanvasComposer: Personalized Group Photo Generation via a Multi-Reference Canvas

arXiv:2510.20820v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Existing personalized image generators still struggle to preserve multiple reference identities in natural and coherent multi-human generations. To

CAPTURE: Disentangling Preference Drift from Memory Poisoning in Personalized LLM Agents

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2609.02265v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Personalized language agents use persistent memory to adapt to users over time, but the same mechanism creates an attack surface. When new information c

Applications

CARPAS: Towards Content-Aware Refinement of Provided Aspects for Summarization in Large Language Models

arXiv:2510.07177v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Aspect-based summarization has attracted significant attention for its ability to generate more fine-grained and user-aligned summaries. While most

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

CAT-Flow: Curvature-Adaptive sTeps for Flow Matching

arXiv:2609.01746v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Flow Matching has emerged as a leading framework for generative modeling, powering state-of-the-art systems such as FLUX and Stable Diffusion 3.5. Howev

CC-4DGS: Computational Deformation and Point-Cloud Compression for Storage-Efficient Dynamic Gaussian Splatting

arXiv:2609.02184v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dynamic four-dimensional (4D) Gaussian Splatting has emerged as a powerful explicit representation for high-quality view synthesis, yet existing methods

Local Ai

Characterizing Text Branch Sensitivity in Medical Vision-Language Segmentation via Evidence Decoupling

arXiv:2609.02663v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promising performance in medical image segmentation by incorporating clinical text. However, it rema

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv