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CoLT-Drive: Counterfactual Long-Tail Benchmarking and Knowledge-Preserving Adaptation for Driving Affordance Prediction

arXiv:2609.00242v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Long-tail autonomous driving failures are often framed as rare-object recognition errors. We argue that this view is incomplete: the decision-critical

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Model Releases

CoMMET: A Psychologically Grounded Benchmark for Evaluating Theory of Mind in Multimodal LLMs

DGX agent

arXiv:2603.11915v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Theory of Mind (ToM)-the ability to reason about the mental states of oneself and others-is a cornerstone of human social intelligence. As Multimoda

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

2 Sept 2026

Commit-first LLM judging inherits the judge's own errors

arXiv:2609.00088v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM judges, models that score another system's output, can be gamed by the systems they score. Recent work identifies one defence that works: the judg

CompanionSim: Synthetic Data for Evaluating Anthropomorphism in Human-AI Relationships

arXiv:2609.00250v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Many people now see AI systems as not just productivity tools but as social companions. Researchers are eager to study the consequences of AI companio

Compile, Don't Memorize: A Context Compilation Architecture (CCA) for In-Context Learning

arXiv:2609.00759v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) increasingly handle in-context learning (ICL) tasks where a long, novel context defines the rules, knowledge, and output sc

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Compositional Machine Design as Program Synthesis with LLMs

arXiv:2510.14980v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong abilities in writing and revising programs, yet many program-synthesis benchmarks still evaluate prog

Compressing AI Traffic: Standardized Neural Network Coding of Visual-Token Representations in Split Vision-Language Inference

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.01200v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When the visual encoder and the language decoder of a vision-language model (VLM) run on different compute nodes, the intermediate visual-token embeddin

Computational Humor with Multimodal LLMs: Methods, Datasets, Evaluation, and Challenges

arXiv:2607.19011v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Multimodal humor in memes, cartoons, and comics remains difficult for AI systems because intended meaning depends on non-literal mechanisms, s

Conditional Flow Matching for Cross-Field MRI Harmonisation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.00960v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Magnetic resonance images of the same subject look markedly different across field strengths, which complicates the comparison and pooling of data acros

Conditional Flow Matching for ML-Based Inverse Design Problems

arXiv:2609.00863v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Engineering inverse design is often limited by the high computational cost of iterative solvers for optimization problems constrained by partial differe

Applications

Confess What You Know: Forget-Set Misalignment with Model Knowledge in LLM Unlearning

arXiv:2609.00605v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Machine unlearning for large language models (LLMs) often assumes that a pre-defined forget set matches what the model has memorized, but this frequen

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Connectivity-Aware Graph Extension for Decentralized Multi-Robot Exploration

arXiv:2609.00804v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Exploring unknown environments with multiple UAVs requires coordination under intermittent communication, making decentralized operation a baseline assu

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Consistency Without Alignment: Item-Sensitive Language Models Indistinguishable From Random

arXiv:2609.00576v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Item-sensitivity, defined as whether a model's choice depends on the specific input rather than on its own output prior, is widely reported as evidence

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Contact-Consistent Interaction Dynamics Normalization for Predictive Physical Human--Robot Interaction

arXiv:2606.14617v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Safe physical human--robot interaction on floating-base robots requires interaction regulation under changing contact constraints. We develop a cont

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Context-Aware Intelligent Vehicles

arXiv:2609.00682v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Intelligent vehicles increasingly support adaptive applications beyond driving themselves, ranging from context-aware ADAS and automated driving to in-c

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Context-Grounding Gains Are Mediated by Pre-existing Machinery: Auditing GRPO, SFT, and DPO

arXiv:2609.00925v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Language models can ignore prompt evidence when it conflicts with memorized knowledge. Post-training can make models follow such evidence more reliabl

Context Window Failures in Relational Foundation Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2609.00460v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent Relational Deep Learning architectures have been proposed as foundation models for multi-table relational data, yet they impose constrained neigh

ContextPipe: Database-Inspired Context Assembly for Long-Horizon Agents

arXiv:2609.00749v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-horizon large language model (LLM) agents require context assembly: the runtime must decide what to include in each prompt, in what order, and when

Contribution-Aware Bandwidth Allocation for Multimodal Split Learning

arXiv:2609.01406v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal models are increasingly the default option for perception at the network edge, yet they are trained almost entirely in the datacenter, becaus

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Control-Data Flow Separation: Stable Prompt Optimization in Multi-Agent LLMs

arXiv:2609.00621v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Prompt optimization can improve multi-agent LLM systems, but the prompts being optimized often serve two entangled roles: generating task-relevant conte

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Control Variate Score Matching for Diffusion Models

arXiv:2512.20003v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Sampling from unnormalized probability densities is a pervasive challenge across the computational and physical sciences. Diffusion models provide a

Controllable Image Captioning with Prompt-Conditioned Scene Rewards

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2609.00709v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Vision-Language Models produce fluent image descriptions but offer limited semantic control: users cannot reliably specify whether captions shou

ConvDeck: Conversational Paper-to-Slide Generation via Stage-Specific User Feedback

arXiv:2609.00226v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automatic academic paper-to-slide generation is inherently iterative, because creating an effective presentation requires repeated cycles of generation,

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Convergence issues in Relational Concept Analysis based on AOC-posets

arXiv:2609.00054v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is an approach for conceptual classification building and rule discovery from a binary table describing a set of objects b

Conversation Coach: A Voice-enabled AI System that Helps Practice Difficult Workplace Conversations

arXiv:2609.00441v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Effective manager-employee communication is critical for retaining high performers and developing underperformers, yet training managers in these skills

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

CopyShield: A Cross-Level Benchmark of Copyright Defenses in LLMs

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2609.01161v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models can reproduce memorized text verbatim, yet copyright defenses are usually evaluated under incompatible protocols. We introduce Cop

CordisBench: Can Language Models Reason About Component Lifecycles in Dynamic Agent Harnesses?

arXiv:2609.01600v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Dynamic agent harnesses let language models change the software that shapes their own execution. This flexibility brings a new reasoning burden: a loc

Counterfactual Closing-Acceleration Risk: An Anticipatory Surrogate Safety Measure for the Blind Region of Car-Following

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2609.00370v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Surrogate safety measures allow road-safety assessment from trajectory data in which crashes are absent, yet the dominant proximity measures - time-to

Counterfactual Fragility Certificates: Exposing High-Confidence Brittleness under Structured Evidence Failure

arXiv:2609.00366v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: High test accuracy and good aggregate calibration do not show whether an individual prediction is structurally supported by its evidence. In tabular d

Applications

CoVer: Conflict-Aware Claim Verification

arXiv:2609.00508v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Social media fact-checking has long been challenged by evidence-level and aggregation-level conflicts, where erroneous evidence mimics authoritative new

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

CQF-HMR: Continuous Quaternion Flows for Probabilistic 3D Human Mesh Recovery from a Single Image

arXiv:2609.00995v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recovering 3D digital humans from a single 2D image is an ill-posed computer vision problem due to the loss of depth information. Probabilistic 3D human

researcharxiv-cs-cv

CRAD: Class-wise Reliability-Aware Distillation for Decentralized Heterogeneous Federated Learning

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.00446v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Conventional federated learning (FL) relies on parameter averaging, which forces clients to be doubly homogeneous: it demands an identical architectur

CRAFT: Fine-Tuning Pre-hoc Explainability in AI-native 6G RAN

arXiv:2609.00590v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The next generation of mobile networks is envisioned as fully AI-native, with AI-RAN architectures embedding small language models (SLMs) to perform rea

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Creative Generation via Multi-Agent Debate: Does Debate Suppress Diversity?

arXiv:2609.00683v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Creative generation tasks, such as narrative writing and scientific ideation, demand both high-quality outputs and distinct responses across independent

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

CrossFeat: Bridging Imaging Modalities in Feature Descriptor Space

arXiv:2609.00272v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Most advances in keypoint descriptions address monomodal settings, where image variations arise from viewpoint, illumination, or contrast changes. Multi

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Ctrl-F-Resist. Practices, Challenges, and Technical Needs of Civil Society Organizations Monitoring the Far-Right Online

arXiv:2609.00808v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As far-right actors increasingly exploit online platforms to disseminate ideology and mobilize supporters, civil society organizations (CSOs) play a v

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Hardware

CUDA-Harness: Harnessing Agentic CUDA Kernel Generation and Optimization from Natural Language

arXiv:2609.00058v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Developing high-performance CUDA kernels demands specialized knowledge in algorithm implementation, correctness validation, and hardware-aware paralle

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

CWoMP: Morpheme Representation Learning for Interlinear Glossing

arXiv:2603.18184v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Interlinear glossed text (IGT) is a standard notation for language documentation which is linguistically rich but laborious to produce manually. Rec

researcharxiv-cs-cl

DAGGER: Distractor-Aware Graph Generation for Executable Reasoning in Math Problems

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2601.06853v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting is widely adopted for mathematical problem solving, including in low-resource languages, yet its behavior under irr

Data-Driven Persona-Conditioned Agents for A/B Test Simulation

arXiv:2609.01038v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A/B testing is the gold standard for evaluating product changes, but each experiment requires real user traffic, engineering effort, and weeks of measur

Deep learning based numerical approximation algorithms for stochastic partial differential equations

arXiv:2012.01194v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In this article, we introduce a deep learning based approximation algorithm for SPDEs. Our approach employs neural networks to approximate the

Defense-as-Skill: Evolving Runtime Guard Skill for Skill-Augmented Agents

arXiv:2609.01487v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Skill-augmented agents load reusable skills as persistent runtime context, improving task performance but also giving malicious skills a durable chann

Applications

Degradation-based augmented training for robust individual animal re-identification

arXiv:2603.04163v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Wildlife re-identification aims to recognise individual animals by matching query images to a database of previously identified individuals, based o

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Delegation Without Trust: An Empirical Gap Analysis of Identity, Authorization, and Runtime Governance in Multi-Agent LLM Systems

arXiv:2609.00267v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autonomous LLM agents increasingly act on a user's behalf: they hold credentials, call tools and services, and spawn sub-agents that act further on th

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Denoising Diffusion Generative Models Secretly Calculate Attentions

arXiv:2609.00885v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Denoising diffusion models are the dominant architecture for image generation, whereas most natural language generation and modeling are primarily handl

Local Ai

Denoising the Deep Sky: Physics-Based CCD Noise Formation for Astronomical Imaging

arXiv:2601.23276v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Astronomical imaging remains noise-limited under practical observing conditions. Standard calibration pipelines remove structured artifacts bu

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Tutorials

Dense Process Supervision for Search Agents via Fact Utility Estimation

arXiv:2609.00833v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) for search agents typically relies on outcome rewards. However, it often fails to achieve effective credit assignment, due t

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cl

Dense Weak Hiding: Closing Complexity Gaps in Nonconvex and PL Finite-Sum Optimization under Individual Smoothness

arXiv:2609.00045v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Under individual smoothness, the optimal incremental first-order oracle (IFO) complexity of nonconvex finite-sum optimization has remained open. Known