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arXiv:2604.12018v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Understanding abstract meanings is crucial for advanced language comprehension. Despite extensive research, abstract words remain challenging due to t

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Nemotron 3 Super: Open, Efficient Mixture-of-Experts Hybrid Mamba-Transformer Model for Agentic Reasoning

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.12374v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We describe the pre-training, post-training, and quantization of Nemotron 3 Super, a 120 billion (active 12 billion) parameter hybrid Mamba-Attention

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

15 Apr 2026

Operationalising the Right to be Forgotten in LLMs: A Lightweight Sequential Unlearning Framework for Privacy-Aligned Deployment in Politically Sensitive Environments

arXiv:2604.12459v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in politically sensitive environments, where memorisation of personal data or confidential conten

ReflectCAP: Detailed Image Captioning with Reflective Memory

arXiv:2604.12357v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Detailed image captioning demands both factual grounding and fine-grained coverage, yet existing methods have struggled to achieve them simultaneously.

See, Point, Refine: Multi-Turn Approach to GUI Grounding with Visual Feedback

arXiv:2604.13019v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Computer Use Agents (CUAs) fundamentally rely on graphical user interface (GUI) grounding to translate language instructions into executable screen acti

SparseWorld-TC: Trajectory-Conditioned Sparse Occupancy World Model

arXiv:2511.22039v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper introduces a novel architecture for trajectory-conditioned forecasting of future 3D scene occupancy. In contrast to methods that rely on

StoryScope: Investigating idiosyncrasies in AI fiction

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2604.03136v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As AI-generated fiction becomes increasingly prevalent, questions of authorship and originality are becoming central to how written work is evaluate

The Long-Horizon Task Mirage? Diagnosing Where and Why Agentic Systems Break

arXiv:2604.11978v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents perform strongly on short- and mid-horizon tasks, but often break down on long-horizon tasks that require extended, in

Agents

Towards Robust Real-World Spreadsheet Understanding with Multi-Agent Multi-Format Reasoning

arXiv:2604.12282v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Spreadsheets are central to real-world applications such as enterprise reporting, auditing, and scientific data management. Despite their ubiquity, exis

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Variation in Verification: Understanding Verification Dynamics in Large Language Models

arXiv:2509.17995v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advances have shown that scaling test-time computation enables large language models (LLMs) to solve increasingly complex problems acro

Visual Preference Optimization with Rubric Rewards

arXiv:2604.13029v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The effectiveness of Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) depends on preference data that reflect the quality differences that matter in multimodal ta

AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis

arXiv:2604.10874v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) are an important knowledge framework in toxicological research and risk assessment. In recent years, large language mo

BankerToolBench: Evaluating AI Agents in End-to-End Investment Banking Workflows

arXiv:2604.11304v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing AI benchmarks lack the fidelity to assess economically meaningful progress on professional workflows. To evaluate frontier AI agents in a high-

BareBones: Benchmarking Zero-Shot Geometric Comprehension in VLMs

arXiv:2604.10528v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate remarkable zero-shot recognition capabilities across a diverse spectrum of multimodal tasks, it yet rema

Bridging What the Model Thinks and How It Speaks: Self-Aware Speech Language Models for Expressive Speech Generation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2604.11424v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Speech Language Models (SLMs) exhibit strong semantic understanding, yet their generated speech often sounds flat and fails to convey expressive intent,

CARE-ECG: Causal Agent-based Reasoning for Explainable and Counterfactual ECG Interpretation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.10420v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) enable waveform-to-text ECG interpretation and interactive clinical questioning, yet most ECG-LLM systems still rely on wea

Disambiguation-Centric Finetuning Makes Enterprise Tool-Calling LLMs More Realistic and Less Risky

arXiv:2507.03336v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly tasked with invoking enterprise APIs, yet they routinely falter when near-duplicate tools vie for the

Do LLMs Build Spatial World Models? Evidence from Grid-World Maze Tasks

arXiv:2604.10690v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Foundation models have shown remarkable performance across diverse tasks, yet their ability to construct internal spatial world models for reasoning and

Do Thought Streams Matter? Evaluating Reasoning in Gemini Vision-Language Models for Video Scene Understanding

arXiv:2604.11177v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We benchmark how internal reasoning traces, which we call thought streams, affect video scene understanding in vision-language models. Using four config

Local Ai

Echoes of Automation: The Increasing Use of LLMs in Newsmaking

arXiv:2508.06445v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rapid rise of Generative AI (GenAI), particularly LLMs, poses concerns for journalistic integrity and authorship. This study examines AI-g

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Research

Efficient Emotion-Aware Iconic Gesture Prediction for Robot Co-Speech

arXiv:2604.11417v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Co-speech gestures increase engagement and improve speech understanding. Most data-driven robot systems generate rhythmic beat-like motion, yet few in

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Escaping the Context Bottleneck: Active Context Curation for LLM Agents via Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2604.11462v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with long-horizon tasks due to the 'context bottleneck' and the 'lost-in-the-middle' phenomenon, where accumulated

Frugal Knowledge Graph Construction with Local LLMs: A Zero-Shot Pipeline, Self-Consistency and Wisdom of Artificial Crowds

arXiv:2604.11104v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper presents an empirical study of a multi-model zero-shot pipeline for knowledge graph construction and exploitation, executed entirely through

GAMBIT: A Gamified Jailbreak Framework for Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv:2601.03416v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become widely deployed, yet their safety alignment remains fragile under adversarial inputs. Previous

HealthAdminBench: Evaluating Computer-Use Agents on Healthcare Administration Tasks

arXiv:2604.09937v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Healthcare administration accounts for over $1 trillion in annual spending, making it a promising target for LLM-based computer-use agents (CUAs). While

Hunt Globally: Wide Search AI Agents for Drug Asset Scouting in Investing, Business Development, and Competitive Intelligence

arXiv:2602.15019v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Bio-pharmaceutical innovation has shifted: many new drug assets now originate outside the United States and are disclosed primarily via regional, no

If an LLM Were a Character, Would It Know Its Own Story? Evaluating Lifelong Learning in LLMs

arXiv:2503.23514v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) can carry out human-like dialogue, but unlike humans, they are stateless due to the superposition property. Howev

Is There Knowledge Left to Extract? Evidence of Fragility in Medically Fine-Tuned Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2604.09841v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly adapted through domain-specific fine-tuning, yet it remains unclear whether this improves reasoning bey

Local Ai

LoDAdaC: a unified local training-based decentralized framework with adaptive gradients and compressed communication

arXiv:2604.09970v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In the decentralized distributed learning, achieving fast convergence and low communication cost is essential for scalability and high efficiency. Adapt

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Measuring and curing reasoning rigidity: from decorative chain-of-thought to genuine faithfulness

arXiv:2603.22816v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Language models increasingly show their work by writing step-by-step reasoning before answering. But are these steps genuinely used, or is the

MedVeriSeg: Teaching MLLM-Based Medical Segmentation Models to Verify Query Validity Without Extra Training

arXiv:2604.10242v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite recent advances in MLLM-based medical image segmentation, existing LISA-like methods cannot reliably reject false queries and often produce hall

MERMAID: Memory-Enhanced Retrieval and Reasoning with Multi-Agent Iterative Knowledge Grounding for Veracity Assessment

arXiv:2601.22361v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Assessing the veracity of online content has become increasingly critical. Large language models (LLMs) have recently enabled substantial prog

Safety

Multi-Model Synthetic Training for Mission-Critical Small Language Models

arXiv:2509.13047v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across many domains, yet their application to specialized fields remain

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Muon^2: Boosting Muon via Adaptive Second-Moment Preconditioning

arXiv:2604.09967v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Muon has emerged as a promising optimizer for large-scale foundation model pre-training by exploiting the matrix structure of neural network updates t

OccuBench: Evaluating AI Agents on Real-World Professional Tasks via Language World Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2604.10866v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI agents are expected to perform professional work across hundreds of occupational domains (from emergency department triage to nuclear reactor safety

Powerful Training-Free Membership Inference Against Autoregressive Language Models

arXiv:2601.12104v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Fine-tuned language models pose significant privacy risks, as they may memorize and expose sensitive information from their training data. Mem

Research

Preference Learning Unlocks LLMs' Psycho-Counseling Skills

arXiv:2502.19731v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Applying large language models (LLMs) to assist in psycho-counseling is an emerging and meaningful approach, driven by the significant gap between p

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Quantization Dominates Rank Reduction for KV-Cache Compression

arXiv:2604.11501v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We compare two strategies for compressing the KV cache in transformer inference: rank reduction (discard dimensions) and quantization (keep all dimens

Reasoning as Gradient: Scaling MLE Agents Beyond Tree Search

arXiv:2603.01692v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: LLM-based agents for machine learning engineering (MLE) predominantly rely on tree search, a form of gradient-free optimization that uses scal

Tutorials

Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning

arXiv:2604.11407v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We revisit retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) by embedding retrieval control directly into generation. Instead of treating retrieval as an external

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Safety

See Fair, Speak Truth: Equitable Attention Improves Grounding and Reduces Hallucination in Vision-Language Alignment

arXiv:2604.09749v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) frequently hallucinate objects that are absent from the visual input, often because attention during decoding i

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Text-to-Image Models and Their Representation of People from Different Nationalities Engaging in Activities

arXiv:2504.06313v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper investigates how popular text-to-image (T2I) models, DALL-E 3 and Gemini 3 Pro Preview, depict people from 206 nationalities when prompte

The Salami Slicing Threat: Exploiting Cumulative Risks in LLM Systems

arXiv:2604.11309v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) face prominent security risks from jailbreaking, a practice that manipulates models to bypass built-in security constrain

TrajOnco: a multi-agent framework for temporal reasoning over longitudinal EHR for multi-cancer early detection

arXiv:2604.10386v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate estimation of cancer risk from longitudinal electronic health records (EHRs) could support earlier detection and improved care, but modeling su

UniToolCall: Unifying Tool-Use Representation, Data, and Evaluation for LLM Agents

arXiv:2604.11557v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tool-use capability is a fundamental component of LLM agents, enabling them to interact with external systems through structured function calls. However

Safety

Utilizing and Calibrating Hindsight Process Rewards via Reinforcement with Mutual Information Self-Evaluation

arXiv:2604.11611v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: To overcome the sparse reward challenge in reinforcement learning (RL) for agents based on large language models (LLMs), we propose Mutual Information S

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

What Users Leave Unsaid: Under-Specified Queries Limit Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2601.06165v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Current vision-language benchmarks predominantly feature well-structured questions with clear, explicit prompts. However, real user queries ar

Who Gets Which Message? Auditing Demographic Bias in LLM-Generated Targeted Text

arXiv:2601.17172v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly capable of generating personalized, persuasive text at scale, raising new questions about bias a