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MRI-based Deep Radiomic Phenotyping of Neuromuscular Disorders: A Topology-driven Characterization

arXiv:2608.24415v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quantitative assessment of muscle MRI is crucial for monitoring neuromuscular disorders (NMD). This study introduces an automated radiomic phenotyping f

researcharxiv-cs-cv

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Research

Multi-Stage Prompt-Guided Feature Modulation for Generalizable Brain Tumor Segmentation

DGX agent

arXiv:2608.23745v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accurate brain tumor segmentation from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for diagnosis, treatment planning, surgical guidance, and disease

researcharxiv-cs-cv

26 Aug 2026

Multilevel Fair Allocation under Additive Preferences

arXiv:2608.24400v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study multilevel fair resource allocation with tree-structured hierarchical relations among agents. At each level, the problem can be viewed locall

NAIMA: Semantics Aware RGB Guided Depth Super-Resolution

arXiv:2604.04407v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Guided depth super-resolution (GDSR) is a multi-modal approach for depth map super-resolution that relies on a low-resolution depth map and a

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Names Can Hurt: Spotting Slopsquatting Risks Caused by Package Name Hallucinations in Local Coding LLMs

arXiv:2608.23897v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: When a code generating language model fabricates a Python package name, an adversary who has pre-registered that name on PyPI can convert that halluci

Native-Space 3D CarveMix for Multi-Site T1w Stroke Segmentation

arXiv:2608.23882v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Segmenting ischemic stroke lesions on T1-weighted (T1w) MRI acquired across different scanners and protocols without intensity standardization is diff

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Applications

NeoWorld-Pro: Programming Interactive Scenes from Monocular Images for Embodied Simulation

arXiv:2608.24212v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The advancement of Embodied AI necessitates high-quality simulation assets that faithfully mirror the real world. However, transforming raw visual obser

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

NeuralParker: A Reinforcement Learning Planner for Irregular Parking Environments

arXiv:2608.24485v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automated parking commonly assumes marked slots and short approach maneuvers. Delivery and service vehicles, however, may need to reach an operator-sp

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

NeuronGuard: Robust LLM Safety Alignment via Ablation-Aware Safety Signal Redistribution

arXiv:2608.23959v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Safety alignment in large language models (LLMs) remains brittle against a growing spectrum of attacks. Jailbreak attacks bypass safety mechanisms thr

NeuronTune: Fine-Grained Neuron Modulation for Balanced Safety-Utility Alignment in LLMs

arXiv:2508.09473v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Ensuring robust safety alignment while preserving utility is critical for the reliable deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, cu

Neurosymbolic Alignment for Physiologically-Safe Clinical Language Models

arXiv:2608.24534v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Clinical LLMs can generate recommendations that are factually plausible yet physiologically unsafe. We investigate whether safety alignment can be impro

Local Ai

NeurRAFT: Robot Motion Planning via Anchor-Level Flow Matching with Clearance-Aware Preference Tuning

arXiv:2608.24026v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent end-to-end neural motion planners generate trajectories from raw sensor observations, avoiding the privileged geometric models required by classi

local-aiarxiv-cs-ro

Nonlinear Axiomatic Attribution for Cooperative Games

arXiv:2607.09869v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The Shapley value is a widely used concept in attribution problems, as it uniquely satisfies the axioms of linearity, consistency, equal treatment,

Local Ai

Not All Tokens Are Equal: Region-Aware Consistency Repair of Backdoors in MLLMs

arXiv:2608.24354v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: MLLMs are increasingly deployed in user-facing applications, yet they inherit backdoor risks from the pipelines used to construct them: triggers may r

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

NVIDIA Cosmos-H-Dreams: Real-Time Generative Physics Simulation for Surgical Robotics

arXiv:2608.24199v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generative simulation for surgical robotics still lacks real-time interaction. Physical-robot experiments, often involving animal or cadaver labs, are t

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Object Counting Across Modalities: Taxonomies, Benchmarks, Applications, and Open Challenges

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2608.23845v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Object-counting methods have rapidly shifted from class-specific density regression to open-vocabulary, foundation-model-backed counters. These methods

Observability Engineering: From Measurement to Information Generation in Active Sensing Systems

arXiv:2602.13554v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This article develops a four stage observability engineering framework for interaction driven sensing. The framework integrates physical model

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Olapa-MCoT: Enhancing the Chinese Mathematical Reasoning Capability of LLMs

arXiv:2312.17535v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In the past two years, the outstanding performance of ChatGPT in multilingual and multitasking has led to large language models (LLMs) attracting wi

Ollivier-Ricci Curvature of Riemannian Manifolds and Directed Graphs with Applications to Graph Neural Networks

arXiv:2604.14211v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This thesis is an exposition of Ollivier-Ricci Curvature of metric spaces as introduced by Yann Ollivier, which is based upon the 1-Wasserstei

OmniJudge or OmniBias? Diagnosing Multimodal Judges through Balanced, Decoupled Lenses

arXiv:2608.24160v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal understanding models that can jointly judge text-to-image (T2I), text-to-video (T2V) and text-to-speech (TTS) generation are increasingly use

On-policy Distillation with Verifiable Reward

arXiv:2608.24696v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) and on-policy distillation (OPD) have become two widely adopted paradigms for post-training larg

On-Policy Self-Distillation in Diffusion Models

arXiv:2608.24646v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning can align diffusion models with human preferences and task-specific objectives, but endpoint rewards do not specify how an interm

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Tutorials

One-Shot Learning from Demonstration of Contact-Rich Robotic Manipulation by Identifying Physical Interactions

arXiv:2608.24741v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning from Demonstration (LfD) allows robots to learn manipulation tasks directly from humans, thereby supporting the versatile application of robots

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ro

OPDSearch+: On-Policy Distillation with RL Refinement for Search-Augmented Reasoning

arXiv:2608.24310v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Search-augmented reasoning remains difficult for small language models. On-policy distillation (OPD) from trained teachers offers a promising direction,

Agents

Opponent Aware Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:1908.08773v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In certain reinforcement learning (RL) scenarios there are adversaries trying to interfere with the underlying reward process for their own benefit.

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Optimal Alternating Regret for Online Learning and Games

arXiv:2608.24731v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We settle the minimax-optimal alternating regret, a regret notion motivated by alternating learning dynamics in games, for both online linear optimizati

ORBITALIF: An Efficient Spiking Federated Learning Framework for Onboard Cloud Removal

arXiv:2608.24073v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellites enable high-resolution, large-scale Earth observation for applications such as disaster monitoring and environmental

Hardware

Output-Level Regularization Eliminates the Seed Lottery in Single-GPU VLA Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2606.13856v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Fine-tuning a vision-language-action model (VLA-JEPA) on a single GPU should be simple: load a pretrained checkpoint, run training, deploy. There is

hardwarearxiv-cs-ro

Panning for Gold: Expanding Domain-Specific Knowledge Graphs with General Knowledge

arXiv:2601.10485v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Domain-specific knowledge graphs (DKGs) are critical yet often suffer from limited coverage compared to General Knowledge Graphs (GKGs). Existing ta

Parameter-Efficient Self-Supervised Adaptation for EEG-FM under Fixed Computational Budgets

arXiv:2608.24727v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: EEG foundation models pretrained via self-supervised learning promise transferable representations, but their generalization remains limited, especial

Parameter-Level Attribution of Symmetry in Trained Networks Though Parameter-Wise Functional Sensitivity

arXiv:2608.24700v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When a network has learned a function with a known symmetry, can that symmetry be moved through the parametrisation---is there a motion in parameter spa

Parameterized Complexity of L_p-Lipschitz Constants for Input Convex Neural Networks and L_p-Norm Maximization over Zonotopes

arXiv:2608.24865v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Lipschitz constants are a standard way to quantify the sensitivity of neural networks to small input perturbations, but computing them is difficult ev

Parason: Revealing Subtask and Trial Parallelism in LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2608.24658v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scaling test-time reasoning has substantially improved the problem-solving ability of large language models (LLMs), but standard autoregressive decoding

Paritok-4B: Intent-Conditioned Context Compression for Coding Agents

arXiv:2608.24188v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Coding agents re-send large file reads and tool outputs to a frontier LLM every turn, and this context dominates their token bill. General-purpose promp

Local Ai

PARTAB: Partition-Aware Reasoning with Structured Evidence for Scalable Table Understanding

arXiv:2608.24082v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities in table reasoning, but their effectiveness degrades as tables grow in size and complexity

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Partial Identification under Causal Orders by Linear Programming

arXiv:2608.24427v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Non-parametric (partial) identification of counterfactual queries typically relies on a fully specified causal graph. Motivated by settings with incompl

Partial Optimal Transport on the Circle for All Transported Masses in O(N log N)

arXiv:2608.23910v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Partial optimal transport compares two measures while leaving part of the mass unmatched, which is what makes it robust to outliers, occlusion, and clut

PatientHub: A Unified Framework for Patient Simulation

arXiv:2602.11684v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As Large Language Models increasingly power role-playing applications, simulating patients has become a valuable tool for training counselors

Pattern-Derived Visual Swarm Games: Multi-Scale Drone-Vision States for Interception and Sustainability Audits

arXiv:2608.23575v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We convert drone-vision annotation streams into virtual swarm-game states without controlling physical drones. VisDrone and UAVSwarm metadata are compre

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

PeakBench: Benchmarking Resource-Aware Tool Invocation in LLM Agents

arXiv:2608.24509v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM agents increasingly solve tasks by invoking multiple tools, where parallel execution is essential for low latency but difficult to manage safely. Ex

Persistent Cross Entropy

arXiv:2608.24549v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Persistent entropy is the Shannon entropy of a persistence-based probability measure defined on a persistence diagram. However, its cross-entropy versio

Phase-Aligned Finite-Fourier Periodic Deformation for 4D Medical Image Interpolation

arXiv:2608.24027v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: 4D medical image interpolation aims to recover missing volumes from sparsely observed time points and is important for dynamic anatomical analysis in ap

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Physics-Integrated Operator Learning via Gaussian Splatting Representations

arXiv:2608.24049v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Neural operators provide efficient surrogates for spatiotemporal PDE systems, but purely data-driven formulations often accumulate substantial errors du

PhysicsBench: A Unified Leaderboard for Generative and Predictive Models in Engineering Design and Simulation

arXiv:2608.24056v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generative and predictive artificial intelligence models are increasingly used to generate geometry and to predict physical fields and scalar quantities

PhysMLLMs: Spatial Priors for Unified Referring Segmentation and Grounded Reasoning of Images and Videos

arXiv:2608.24574v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Video multimodal large language models support language guided video segmentation, but they often show spatio temporal inconsistencies, e.g., jitter, dr

Agents

PinSieve: Production Selective VLM Serving and a Governed Memory Flywheel for Enterprise Content-Quality Triage

arXiv:2608.24040v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Enterprise AI agents in production often need to be bounded, stateful, observable, and governable rather than fully autonomous. We present PinSieve, a p

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Pipeline-Native Transformers: Co-Designing Model Architecture and CPU Inference for Bandwidth-Efficient Autoregressive Decode

arXiv:2608.23841v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Single-token autoregressive decode on CPUs is bound by memory bandwidth, not arithmetic: a modern CPU sustains roughly 1 TFLOP/s of compute but only a

Pivot-and-Station Multi-Agent Path Finding: Solvability, Complexity, and Algorithms

arXiv:2608.24585v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automated high-density storage systems (warehouses, robotic parking, plant logistics, etc.) require fleets of agents to move through scarce task-critica