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Well-Posed KL-Regularized Control via Wasserstein and Kalman-Wasserstein KL Divergences

arXiv:2602.02250v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence regularization is widely used in reinforcement learning, but it becomes infinite under support mismatch and c

researcharxiv-cs-lg

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What Cosine Similarity of Label Representations Can and Cannot Tell us

DGX agent

arXiv:2603.29488v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Cosine similarity is often used to measure the similarity of vector representations of neural network models. However, the cosine similarity of repr

researcharxiv-cs-lg

2 Jun 2026

What Do LLMs Know About Alzheimer's Disease? Multi-loss Fine-Tuning and Probing for AD Detection

arXiv:2602.11177v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reliable early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is challenging, particularly due to the limited availability of labeled data. While large

What Makes a Strong Model? A Unified Spectral Analysis of Knowledge Transfer over High-dimensional Linear Regression

arXiv:2606.01292v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Teacher-Student Knowledge Transfer (KT) is ubiquitous in modern machine learning, ranging from classical model compression via Knowledge Distillation

What to Format and How: A Benchmark and Workflow Approach for Document Formatting

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2606.01936v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have opened up new possibilities for automated document formatting. However, real-world formatting often

What to Test Next: Interpretable Coverage Gap Discovery in Driving VLMs

arXiv:2606.01624v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Driving vision-language models (VLMs) must accurately understand scenes across diverse conditions defined by Operational Design Domains (ODDs), yet veri

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

When AI Benchmarks Plateau: A Systematic Study of Benchmark Saturation

arXiv:2602.16763v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Artificial intelligence benchmarks are an important mechanism for measuring model progress and guiding deployment decisions. However, benchmarks qui

When and How Much to Imagine: Adaptive Test-Time Scaling with World Models for Visual Spatial Reasoning

arXiv:2602.08236v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Despite rapid progress in MLLMs, visual spatial reasoning remains unreliable when correct answers depend on how a scene would appear under uns

When Data Is Scarce: Scaling Sparse Language Models with Repeated Training

arXiv:2606.01155v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Scaling laws for dense LLMs under infinite data are well explored, but how sparsity interacts with limited data is not. In this work, we study sparse

When Do Attention Circuits Form? Developmental Trajectories of Capability and Attention-Sink Emergence Across Three 1B-ClassArchitectures

arXiv:2606.02378v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We track the developmental trajectory of attention-head circuit formation across three 1B-class language models spanning two architecture families (de

When Does Predictive Inverse Dynamics Outperform Behavior Cloning?

arXiv:2601.21718v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Behavior cloning (BC) is a practical offline imitation learning method, but it often fails when expert demonstrations are limited. Recent work

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

When Hard Negatives Hurt: Bridging the Generative-Discriminative Gap in Hard Negative Synthesis for Retrieval

arXiv:2606.01304v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Hard negative mining has become the dominant strategy for training retrievers, yet it faces intrinsic limitations: negatives are bounded by corpus avail

researcharxiv-cs-lg

When Is 0.1% Enough? Analyzing the Combined Effects of Dimensionality Reduction and Quantization on Text Embedding Compression

arXiv:2606.01074v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent high-performing text embedding models often output high-dimensional real-valued vectors, resulting in substantial storage and computational costs

researcharxiv-cs-cl

When Jokes Cross the Line: Analyzing Regular Humor and Dark Humor in YouTube Shorts

arXiv:2606.00046v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Video platforms such as YouTube have reshaped how users engage with entertainment and information, emphasizing brief, highly engaging content such as

Agents

When Knowledge Is Not Free: Cost-Aware Evidence Selection in Retrieval-Augmented Generation

arXiv:2606.02245v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) typically assumes that external knowledge is free, but many high-quality sources are paywalled, licensed, restricte

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

When Meaning Travels: A Granular Lens on Hybrid-MoE's Role in Idiomatic Understanding for Language Models

arXiv:2606.01671v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In the contemporary epoch of multilingual education, learning idioms provides a fascinating gateway towards creativity, cultural values, historical cont

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

When Parallelism Pays Off: Cohesion-Aware Task Partitioning for Multi-Agent Coding

arXiv:2606.00953v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-agent Large Language Model (LLM) systems offer a way to decompose complex tasks, such as coding, through parallelization and context isolation. Ho

When Rating Scales Fall Short: LLM-Assisted Discovery of ADHD Signals in Turkish Teacher Narratives

arXiv:2606.02509v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood, and its diagnosis relies on assessm

researcharxiv-cs-cl

When Safe Skills Collide: Measuring Compositional Risk in Agent Skill Ecosystems

arXiv:2606.00448v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM agents increasingly rely on community-contributed skills that expand an agent's operational capability set. We study a core safety problem in agen

When Single Answer Is Not Enough: Rethinking Single-Step Retrosynthesis Benchmarks for LLMs

arXiv:2602.03554v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent progress has expanded the use of large language models (LLMs) in drug discovery, including synthesis planning. However, objective evalu

When Softmax Fails at the Top: Extreme Value Corrections for InfoNCE

arXiv:2606.00262v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: InfoNCE is the standard contrastive learning objective, but its softmax form is not only a computational convenience: it also encodes a statistical as

Tutorials

When Tabular Foundation Models Transfer Across Modalities: A Systematic Evaluation Across 95 Datasets, 7 Modalities, and Two Regimes

arXiv:2606.02106v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present a single classification pipeline that combines an Equiangular Tight Frame (ETF) preprocessing stage with a tabular foundation model for in-co

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Where Do Deep-Research Agents Go Wrong? Span-Level Error Localization in Agent Trajectories

arXiv:2606.02060v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep-research agents solve tasks through long trajectories of search, tool use, evidence inspection, and answer synthesis. Evaluation based on final ans

Where to Look: Can Foundation Models Reach a Target Viewpoint Through Active Exploration?

arXiv:2606.01247v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Humans can reproduce the viewpoint specified by a target image through active head and body motion, yet spatial intelligence in foundation models has la

Where to Refine, When to Stop: Rethinking Redundancy via Latent Discrepancy for Efficient Visual Autoregressive Generation

arXiv:2606.00310v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Visual Autoregressive (VAR) models deliver high-quality image generation but suffer from significant inference latency at high resolutions. Recent accel

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Applications

Which Institutional Frameworks Do Chatbots Assume? Auditing Jurisdictional Defaults in Multilingual LLMs

arXiv:2606.00333v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLMs increasingly answer questions about taxes, labor protections, healthcare, education, pensions, and administrative procedures, where usefulness ofte

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Which Leakage Types Matter? A Quantitative Landscape Across 2,047 Benchmark Datasets

arXiv:2604.04199v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Twenty-eight within-subject counterfactual experiments across 2,047 iid tabular datasets, plus a boundary experiment on 129 temporal datasets, measu

Who Annotates in NLP? A Large-scale Assessment of Human Annotation Reporting between 2018 and 2025

arXiv:2606.02255v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Human annotation is the empirical foundation of much NLP research, from dataset construction to model evaluation, but papers often leave unclear who p

Who Evaluates AI's Social Impacts? Mapping Coverage and Gaps in First and Third Party Evaluations

arXiv:2511.05613v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Foundation models are increasingly central to high-stakes AI systems, and governance frameworks now depend on evaluations to assess their risk

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Whole-Body Inverse Kinematics with Graph Diffusion

arXiv:2606.00086v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Inverse kinematics (IK) is a fundamental problem in robotics, requiring the generation of joint configurations that satisfy target end-effector poses. E

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Why Are DMD Students Lazy? Understanding the Copying Behavior in Few-Step Distillation

arXiv:2606.02237v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Distribution Matching Distillation (DMD) compresses pretrained diffusion models into efficient few-step generators by aligning their noised distribution

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Why Do Self-Harm Prediction Models Struggle to Generalise? Lexical and Semantic Variations in Emergency Department Triage Notes

arXiv:2606.01678v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Self-harm presentations to emergency departments (EDs) are strongly associated with higher suicide risk. NLP models have shown robust performance in det

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Applications

Why Do Time Series Models Need Long Context Windows?

arXiv:2606.01999v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern deep learning models for forecasting groups of time series rely on increasingly longer observation windows. However, the benefit of increasing

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Why Not Hyperparameter-Friendly Optimisation? A Monotonic Adaptive Norm Rescaling Approach For Long-Tailed Recognition

arXiv:2606.02526v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Long-tailed recognition poses a significant challenge for deep learning. The two-stage decoupling paradigm, which separates representation learning fr

WildCat: Near-Linear Attention in Theory and Practice

arXiv:2602.10056v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce WildCat, a high-accuracy, low-cost approach to compressing the attention mechanism in neural networks. While attention is a staple of m

Applications

WISE: A Multimodal Search Engine for Visual Scenes, Audio, Objects, Faces, Speech, and Metadata

arXiv:2602.12819v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In this paper, we present WISE, an open-source audiovisual search engine which integrates a range of multimodal retrieval capabilities into a

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

World Models: A Comprehensive Survey of Architectures, Methodologies, Reasoning Paradigms, and Applications

arXiv:2606.00133v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: World models, internal simulators that learn the structure and dynamics of an environment, have emerged as a central paradigm in the pursuit of artifici

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

World Models for Robotic Manipulation: A Survey

arXiv:2606.00113v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Robotic manipulation depends on the ability to anticipate how actions reshape objects, contacts, and scene geometry before execution. Learned world mode

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

World-Task Factorization for Robot Learning

arXiv:2606.02027v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Robot learning must produce policies that generalize to new combinations of constraints, teammates, and environments. To achieve this, we must structu

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

WorldCache: Accelerating World Models for Free via Heterogeneous Token Caching

arXiv:2603.06331v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Diffusion-based world models have shown strong potential for unified world simulation, but the iterative denoising remains too costly for interactiv

WorldCoder-Bench: Benchmarking Physically Grounded 3D World Synthesis

arXiv:2606.01869v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly asked not only to write static interfaces, but to construct executable interactive worlds from natural lan

WorldLens: Full-Spectrum Evaluations of Driving World Models in Real World

arXiv:2512.10958v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Generative world models are reshaping embodied AI, enabling agents to synthesize realistic 4D driving environments that look convincing but often fa

Worlds Within Words: Translating Culture in Ancient Chinese Texts with Multi-Agent Coordination

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2606.01276v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM)-based machine translation has advanced cross-cultural communication, yet it still struggles with culture-loaded words (CLWs)

WUSH: Near-Optimal Adaptive Transforms for LLM Quantization

arXiv:2512.00956v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Quantizing LLM weights and activations is a standard approach for efficient deployment, but a few extreme outliers can stretch the dynamic range and

X-Foresight: A Joint Vision-Action Causal Forecasting Network via Predictive World Modeling

arXiv:2605.24892v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Physical world knowledge resides mainly in videos. Equipping Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models with such knowledge is fundamental for safe and gen

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

X-Stream: Exploring MLLMs as Multiplexers for Multi-Stream Understanding

arXiv:2606.02482v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While video streaming understanding has made significant strides, real-world applications, such as live sports broadcasting, autonomous driving, and mul

XAI-SOH-FL: Enhancing SOH-FL with Adaptive Aggregation and Explainable AI for Intrusion Detection in Heterogeneous IoT

arXiv:2606.00134v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) in Internet of Things (IoT) environments face significant challenges due to data heterogeneity, lack of labeled data

Agents

XD-RCDepth: Lightweight Radar-Camera Depth Estimation with Explainability-Aligned and Distribution-Aware Distillation

arXiv:2510.13565v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Depth estimation remains central to autonomous driving, and radar-camera fusion offers robustness in adverse conditions by providing complementary g

agentsarxiv-cs-cv